Hasil untuk "Organizational behaviour, change and effectiveness. Corporate culture"

محمد حسن شعبانعلی, محمد مرادی

امنیت فرهنگی در هر جامعه­‌ای از اهمیت فراوانی برخودار است. امنیت فرهنگی در جامعۀ اسلامی نیز از اهمیت فراوانی برخودار است. در جامعۀ مدنی اسلامی، اگر مردم به­‌خوبی دین و به‌­تبع آن باورهای دینی را درک کنند، امنیت فرهنگی جامعه تأمین می­‌گردد و دشمنان و افراد بدخواه داخلی و خارجی توان مقابله با این امنیت فرهنگی را نخواهند داشت و قادر به برهم‌­زدن آن در راستای تهاجم فرهنگی نیستند. بهترین کمک و راهنما برای حفظ امنیت فرهنگی و مقابله با تهاجم فرهنگی، قرآن کریم و سپس کلام گوهربار اهل بیت عصمت و طهارت (علیهم السلام) است که همواره چراغ روشنی در مسیرهای پرتلاطم فرهنگی هستند. با بهره­‌گیری از معارف اهل بیت (علیهم السلام) و به­‌کارگیری آن­ها در جامعۀ اسلامی، امنیت فرهنگی در جامعه تأمین می‌­شود. نقش دین در تأمین امنیت فرهنگی شامل توحید، عدل، نبوت، امامت و معاد می‌­شود و در بخش باورهای دینی در تأمین امنیت فرهنگی، امر به معروف و نهی از منکر، عدالت­‌محوری، مسؤولیت‌­پذیری، رعایت حقوق، وفای به عهد، عفت، ولایت­‌پذیری، تشکیل خانواده، اخلاق اسلامی، عیب­‌پوشی، ساده­‌زیستی، کمک به نیازمندان نقش محوری بازی می‌کنند.

Dhawal Sharad Jadhav

iman zakariaee kermani, zahra kargar

Lion Gabbeh which shows a wide range of aesthetic and cultural-artistic principles of Iranian carpets that among them, the Ghashghaei pieces of the Fars province can be considered as an important group. The Lion Gabbeh weavers are very deep and ancient legacy of traditional heritage who are closely related to the rich Iranian culture. The tradition of weaving Lion Gabbeh does not belong only to Iranians, but a wide range of East Asian weavers, especially Chinese weavers, have created valuable samples of such hand-knits. This important cultural similarity between the two domains of Iranian and Chinese civilization is the basis of the most important goal of this research, which is to compare the Chinese and Iranian Fars Lion Gabbeh, in order to recognize the stylistic differences of each of them, the relations of design and its role as well as the fields of formation of these relations are discussed. In this regard, the main question arises, that what are the bipartite relationships in the form structures, style and animal species of the Fars and Chinese Lion Gabbeh?the selection of these samples in a targeted manner is an indicator sample and the required information and data have been collected in the form of documents. One of the most important findings of this research is the rooted role of Lion in the art of Gabbeh weaving in two regions, but the history of symbolic function concept of Lion in Iranian culture has a longer history.

jalil shakeri, rooholah .roozbeh, hamid jafari

Analyzing the literary works of various nations and discovering the influence relation, enhances the pleasure of their reading and criticism. One of the approaches of comparative studies is the aesthetic of influence which attempts to discover the aesthetic influence of a literary work on other literary and artistic works. The Laugh Seller Gypsy by Ali Akbar Kermaninejad and Zaharia Stancu’s The Gypsy Tribe (1968) inspired by and emanated from gypsies’ culture, and relying on social realism as well, depict a charming and agreeable narration of gypsies’ life. The purpose of the present study is the discovery of mutual influence of two narrative-fictional texts based on Claudio Guillen’s the aesthetic of influence theory. The method of the present study is a documentary-library one by a comparative approach of signs. The outgrowths of the study show that these two novels relying on the basics of social realism possess many similarities in the reflection of cultural, social aspects, customs and manners, and gypsies’ beliefs and life. The corresponding selection of fictional characters, narration and similar plots, the corresponding theme of humiliation and racial discrimination, similar introduction and initial descriptions, corresponding fictional atmosphere and resemblance of the novels’ titles enhance the theory of influence in these novels. Among the discriminating aspects of The Laugh Seller Gypsy by Ali Akbar Kermaninejad are the bold romantic theme, local color, exploitation of stream of consciousness method, the plurality of narrators, bipartite structure and successive flashbacks.

farrokh tellohosseini, Rasol sanavifard, Ali Asghar eyvazi Heshmat

The industrial marketing maturity model is a roadmap designed to identify strengths that can be improved and upgraded from the "initial level" to the "optimal level", so the main concern to go to a higher level will be to eliminate the gaps between these two levels. The purpose of this study is to use organizational change management tools to upgrade from one level of maturity to another and within the framework of the 2022 Prosci change methodology. The present study is applied in terms of purpose and is a quantitative research and is based on field method. For data collection, a questionnaire was used to obtain the opinion of all employees in the field of industrial marketing of Iran Khodro Holding in the years 1399-1400. The findings show that out of 22 value chain companies, three companies are at level one, nine companies are at level two, six companies are at level three, and four companies are at level four, Also, no company is at level five and is far from the ideal level. After determining the level of maturity, strategies to achieve the desired status, such as "Communication", "Training", "Resistance Management", “Sponsorship” and "Coaching/Mentoring" were presented.

Davood Ghorbanzadeh, Shadan Vahabzadeh, Elahe Kazemi

Covid-19 has caused an unprecedented crisis in all industries, especially the hotel industry around the world. The purpose of this study is to investigating the effect of perceived job insecurity on hotel employee' turnover intention during the Covid-19 outbreak. In order to achieve the purpose of the study, data were collected from 370 employees of 4 and 5 star hotels in the city of Mashhad using the convenience method using a questionnaire. The present research, in terms of practical purpose, the method of collecting data is survey data and considering the relationship between variables, correlation with emphasis on structural equation modeling. The results of testing hypotheses using SPSS and Smart-PLS3 softwares indicate that perceived job insecurity has a positive effect on employees' turnover intention. At the same time, perceived job insecurity leads to reduced employee engagement and embeddedness with the job. Also, job engagement reduces employee turnover. Finally, the results showed that job embeddedness did not affect the turnover intention

Mikaela Vasstrøm, Kirsten Paaby

Det er økende oppmerksomhet på potensialer for borgeres engasjement i bærekraftig omstilling og lokaliseringen av FNs bærekraftsmål. Flere forsknings- og policyrapporter etterlyser bedre forståelse for hvordan bærekraft kan «oversettes» og implementeres i lokal planlegging og handling. Bærekraftig samfunnsomstilling krever bedre forståelser for hvordan offentlige/kommunale systemer kan samarbeide med borgerinitiativer – samtidig som de lokale initiativene bevarer selvstendighet og lokal forankring. I denne artikkelen tar vi utgangspunkt i en aksjonsforskningsprosess med borgerinitiativer i Oslo og ByKuben, Oslo kommunes senter for byøkologi. Vi utforsker hvordan det kan skapes rom for deltakelse mellom borgere og kommunale planleggere med utgangspunkt i borgernes initiativer, og diskuterer hvilke roller aksjonsforskning kan ta i slike prosesser. Inspirert av omstillingsteori og teorier om rom for deltakelse og kritisk utopisk aksjonsforskning, diskuteres hvordan ulike forsker roller kan åpne rom for «omvendt deltakelse» i bærekraftig lokal samfunnsutvikling. Vi definerer dette som aksjonsforskerens «dobbeltbevegelser» mellom borgere og det kommunale system.

جواد منظمی تبار

از دیدگاه جامعه‌شناسان و بسیاری از متفکرین اجتماعی، معنویت و رفتارهای اخلاقی به‌عنوان یکی از مزیت‌های اساسی در دست‌یابی به موفقیت در سازمان‌ها محسوب می‌شوند. به همین خاطر، یکی از راهبردهای اساسی نیروی انتظامی برای توسعۀ نظم و امنیت در کشور ارتقا و توسعه رفتار اخلاقی در سازمان ناجا است. لذا این تحقیق با هدف بررسی نقش معنویت در محیط کار کلانتری‌های شهر همدان بر اساس مدل میلیمن و همکاران (2013) با رفتار اخلاقی بر اساس مدل لوزیر (2014) در سه بعد اجرا شده است. در این مطالعه روش تحقیق همبستگی بوده و ابزار گردآوری داده‌ها پرسشنامۀ استاندارد، شامل پرسشنامۀ معنویت در محیط کار مشتمل بر 12 گویه در سه بعد و پرسشنامۀ رفتار اخلاقی لوزیر (2014) با 12 گویه و سه مؤلفه است. جامعۀ آماری پژوهش، کلیۀ افسران و درجه‌داران کلانتری‌های شهر همدان هستند که به روش نمونه‌گیری خوشه­ای چند مرحله­ای 384 نفر از آنان به‌عنوان نمونۀ آماری انتخاب گردیدند. جهت تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها از ضریب همبستگی پیرسون و رگرسیون چند متغیره استفاده شد. نتایج تحقیق نشان می‌دهند که کار بامعنا 27/0، احساس همبستگی 43/0، همسویی ارزش‌ها 63/0 و معنویت در محیط کار 37/0 از تغییرات مربوط به رفتار اخلاقی افسران و درجه‌داران کلانتری‌های شهر همدان را پیش‌بینی می‌کنند. بنابراین، نتیجه می‌گیریم که معنویت و ابعاد آن در محیط کار با رفتار اخلاقی افسران و درجه‌داران کلانتری‌های شهر همدان رابطۀ مثبت و معناداری دارد.

Ali Alipour

This theoretical article aims to contribute to the literature on the cultural antecedents of employees’ impression management (IM) strategies in the workplace. Studies investigating the impact of cultural values on the IM strategies of employees have mainly examined the role of the institutional environment, namely national culture dimensions. However, studies focusing on how the immediate cultural environment of organizations may influence the IM strategies are scarce. Using the person-situation theory and descriptive and injunctive norm approach to the study of culture, this article provides several propositions on how the organizational cultural values in conjunction and interaction with broader national cultural values may cause variance in the IM strategies of employees. I specifically propose that job-focused and supervisor-focused IM strategies should vary by the degree of performance orientation in organizations, and this causal impact should vary across cultures based on their varying degrees of collectivism and power distance.

mahnaz keshtkar rajabi, Ali Akbar Etebarian

Frederick Herzberg was a psychologist who presented a theory of two-factor health-motivational in 1975. Herzberg's theory has identified a set of factors that discribes job dissatisfaction, which introduces these factors as a maintenance factors ( in some articles has been defined as Hygiene Factors). He also describes the set of factors that cause job satisfaction and motivation in the job as motivating factors (in some articles has been defined as Motivators). Despite the current uses of this theory, more criticisms have been made by experts on this theory from a different perspectives . Accordingly, in the first part of this paper it has tried to explain the subject of motivation and discribe the two-factor theory of Fredrick Herzberg in details. In the second part, it has been studied the philosophical review of the theory from the perspective of ontology, epistemology, nature of human, methodology, and also critique of this theory from a symbolic-interpretative viewpoint.

Kjartan Skogly Kversøy

Denne artikkelen handler om forskerens forhold til dem som involveres direkte i forskningen. I aksjonsforskningsprosjekter kalles de gjerne deltagere eller medforskere. I andre typer prosjekter kalles de ofte informanter. Enten det handler om den ene eller andre formen for forskning, kan det være grunner for å se nærmere på forholdet mellom forskningen og deltagerne. Et eksempel kan være spørsmålet om forskningens relevans. Hva gjør forskningen relevant? Hvem skal forskningen være relevant for? Det er fristende å tenke relevans som det å få resultater publisert i internasjonale tidsskrifter og å få artiklene sitert i de rette vitenskapelige miljøene. I denne artikkelen vil det bli vist måter å få til relevant forskning på for dem den involverer. Artikkelen baserer seg på metodeeksperimenter og presenteres som metode under utvikling. Selv om påstandene i artikkelen kan angå andre former for forskning, er det først og fremst relevans og medvirkning i aksjonsforskning som skal belyses. Metodeeksperimentene det vises til, er gjennomført innenfor et aksjonsforskningsprosjekt. Deltagerne er masterstudenter i yrkespedagogikk.

Jorge Iván Posada Quintero1, Paula Natalia Molano Vergara2, Ronald Mauricio Parra Hernández3 et al.

El presente artículo tuvo tres objetivos fundamentales: 1. analizar los principales factores que inciden en la presencia de Burnout en docentes; 2. determinar los síntomas que lo evidencian; 3. establecer bajo qué estatuto (1278 o 2277) los docentes son más susceptibles a padecer el síndrome. Los datos fueron obtenidos mediante un cuestionario (n=54), el cual fue convalido y calculada su fiabilidad a través de la prueba Alfa de Cronbach (Escala General ; Factores de Riesgo y Síntomas de Burnout ). Los análisis de correlación se realizaron con la prueba no paramétrica Chi cuadrado; para hallar diferencias entre las variables se usó la U de Mann Whitney. Los resultados del análisis evidenciaron que los principales problemas relacionados con síntomas de Burnout en docentes fueron: trabajar horas extras, falta de espacios de comunicación con los jefes, salario inadecuado para satisfacer sus necesidades y falta de apoyo de los jefes frente a dificultades con padres de familia. Finalmente, se concluyó que los docentes regulados con el estatuto 1278 son más susceptibles al síndrome en razón de presentar unas condiciones laborales menos adecuadas que los regulados por el estatuto 2277.

Ardeshir Shiri, Simin Nasrolahi Vosta

Growth and development of each society depends on efficient performance of organizations and as a result, efficient performance of employed personnel in them. Arriving new era, employees are considered as an important source of organization and organizations put them on top to achieve their objectives. They try to correlate ethical and spiritual values with business environments. This study aims to investigate the effect of transcendental leadership and ethical responsibility and to determine the mechanism of the effect. From the aspect of nature, this study is applicable and from the aspect of methodology is descriptive-exploratory. Statistical population is middle level employees of Behran Oil Company to collect data, simple random sampling method was used and 174 employees were selected. To get study objects, a standard questionnaire is employed. To analyze data, statistical techniques including correlation test, CFA and structural equation modeling are used. Results reveal that there is a significant relationship between: 1) spirituality in workplace and ethical responsibility in Behran Oil Company, and 2) transcendental leadership and ethical responsibility. Further, spirituality in workplace plays mediating role in the relationship between transcendental leadership and ethical responsibility

Ahmet Sait Özkul

Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’de yükseköğretimde ticaret eğitimi veren ilk kurum olan Ticaret Mektebinin, 1883-1916 yılları arasında müfredat programlarında yer alan ders içerikleri ele alınmaktadır. Türkiye’de yükseköğretimde ticaret eğitimi, 1883 yılında kurulan Hamidiye Ticaret Mekteb-i Âlîsi ile başlamaktadır. Bu mektebin amacı, ticaret bilgisi konusunda yetkin “ticaret erbabı” yetiştirmekti. İşletmecilik eğitimi tarihi açısından, Türkiye’deki ticaret eğitiminin aktörlerinden biri olan Ticaret Mektebinin bu amacı gerçekleştirmek için müfredat programlarını nasıl tasarladığını görmek ve ders içeriklerindeki bilgileri tespit etmek önem arz etmektedir. Bu bağlamda çalışmada temel olarak Ticaret Mektebinin tarihçesi, öğretim yapısı ve müfredatları hakkında bilgi verilmektedir. Çalışma birincil kaynaklara dayanan tarihsel bir araştırmadır. Çalışmanın bulgularına göre, bu dönemde Türk yükseköğretim kurumlarının pek çoğuna hâkim olan Fransız etkisi, Ticaret Mektebinde de görülmektedir. Bununla beraber, Ticaret Mektebindeki dersler ticaret ve muhasebe metotları ağırlıklıdır. Bu bulgular bağlamında, Ticaret Mektebinde 1883 ve 1916 tarihleri arasında verilen ticaret eğitimi, “usûl-i ticaret dönemi” olarak isimlendirilebilir. This study explores and analyzes the course contents in the curricula of Ticaret Mektebi between 1883-1916, which was the first higher education institution of commerce education in Turkey. In Turkey, business education at the higher education level started with Hamidiye Ticaret Mekteb-i Âlisi, which was founded in 1883. The aim of this school was to develop “commerce experts”, who should be proficient in terms of business acumen. In order to expand our knowledge about the history of Turkish business education, it is crucial to analyze how the curricula and the course contents of Ticaret Mektebi were designed. Hence, this study focuses on the teaching structure, curricula and historical information about the administrative processes of Ticaret Mektebi. The study is a historical research based on primary sources. According to the findings of this study, a solid French influence on the curricula and course contents of Ticaret Mektebi was noted, which similarly marked most of Turkish higher education institutions in this period. Besides, evidence showed that the courses thought in Ticaret Mektebi contained predominantly commerce and accounting methods. In this context, the commerce education offered in Ticaret Mektebi between 1883 and 1916 can be labeled as “usul-i ticaret period”.

Serkan Erebak

Yaşlı nüfusunda gün geçtikçe yaşanan artış aynı zamanda huzurevleri gibi yaşlılara hizmet veren kuruluşların sayısının da artmasına sebep olmaktadır. Bu kuruluşlarda kalan yaşlılarla birlikte, bu kişilere hizmet veren çeşitli meslek dallarından çalışanlar da mevcuttur. Bu kurumda çalışan yönetici pozisyonundaki kişilerse hem kurum sakinlerinin problemlerinin çözülmesinden hem de kurumun çalışma düzeninin sağlanmasından sorumludurlar. Bundan dolayı, bu çalışmada yaklaşık 800 sakine hizmet veren bir huzurevinin birim yöneticilerinin problem çözme becerilerinin geliştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda da vaka tabanlı öğrenme modeli kapsamında, yarı deneysel bir yöntem izlenerek 4 haftalık bir eğitim verilmiştir. Ön-test ve son-test uygulanan katılımcıların nicel verilerinin sonuçlarına göre önemli bir fark bulunamazken, nitel veriler katılımcıların eğitimi faydalı bulduklarını göstermiştir. Sonuçlar, vaka tabanlı çıkarsama öğretilerinin bu tip kurumlarda oldukça kabul görebileceğini göstermiştir.

Ita Condron

Mohammad Ali Ghadimi, Seyed Hossein Ghoreishi, Seyed Mohammad Reza Hosseini

Manuscripts have been the most important written historical achievements of human being for the development and evolution of science. Scribes play an undeniable role in preserving and transmitting these achievements. Unfortunately, there has not been any appropriate research carried on about this cultural class. Codicology provides maximum information about scribes through catalogs of manuscripts. The most important indicators considered in this study include the scribe’s name and work, the script and its date of writing, where the text was written and where it is preserved. This study aims at introducing the scribes and their works, and to analyze the features of their manuscripts. Results indicate that theology comprises the most frequent occurrence written in Naskh and Nastaligh styls of calligraphy and that the thirteenth century AH has the largest number of scribes, which could be a result of the emergence of paper industry and the improvement of writing facility. The results of this study are consistent with other studies regarding preserving manuscripts and their place of preservation; the largest number of manuscripts can be found in the most highlighted libraries in Iran such as Tehran University library, Library of Congress, Marashi Library, and Malek Library. Writing places indicate the geographical distribution of the scribes and their residential places, at least at the time of writing.

Alain Ndedi, M. Kingsly

Kerubo Abuya

The cultural practice of female genital mutilation persists, with grave implications for girls’ and women’s health. The cultural reasons behind the practice are complex. It is therefore essential that critique of the practice come from members of the affected communities. This paper presents a thoughtful review of current community views and proposes an alternative cultural narrative using cultural transformation theory to shift community norms.