Bryanna A.H. Sherbo, Marianne Marcoux, Cortney A. Watt
Remote sensing technologies have expanded methods for monitoring wildlife. Very High Resolution (VHR) satellite imagery is becoming more widely used for animal detection. This is especially important for remotely based and hard to detect species such as narwhal (Monodon monoceros Linnaeus, 1758). Narwhal are a data deficient species due to their large geographic distribution and elusive nature. During the summer, narwhal from the Baffin Bay population migrate to fiords and inlets in Canada and Greenland but their spatial use and density in fiords in the high Arctic is relatively unknown. Makinson Inlet, an inlet on Ellesmere Island in northern Canada, was surveyed using aerial methods in 2013 and estimated a surface abundance of 812 narwhal (adjusted to 2387). Another aerial survey was attempted but unsuccessful due to inclement weather in 2022; however, satellite imagery offers another method for estimating abundance of narwhal in this remote fiord. In this study the World-View 3 satellite (31 cm resolution) was tasked to obtain optical imagery from Makinson Inlet and 5752 km2 was imaged between August 2 to 5, 2022. Imagery readers with previous satellite imagery analysis experience manually analyzed the imagery and identified 406 narwhal. The estimated number of narwhal in Makinson Inlet was adjusted for availability bias to account for deeper whales that would not be visible in the imagery (>1 m deep). The adjusted estimated abundance for narwhal in Makinson Inlet was 1987 (CV = 0.12; 95 % CI: 1578-2502). This study demonstrates the first use of VHR satellite imagery as a remotely-based non-invasive method to obtain information on narwhal abundance in the Canadian high Arctic.
Karina Eugenia Fioravante, Igor Martins Medeiros Robaina, Almir Nabozny
O objetivo desse artigo é construir um panorama sobre o perfil profissional dos pesquisadores que são contemplados com a bolsa de produtividade em pesquisa nível 2 (PQ-2) do Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) atuantes na área de Geografia. Para tanto, foi realizado um levantamento de dados nos currículos lattes dos pesquisadores que teve como objetivo coletar informações acerca de elementos como lotação institucional, local e período de realização do doutorado, participação em grupos de pesquisa, número de artigos, livros e capítulos de livros publicados acompanhados de suas temporalidades, bem como, número de publicações individuais, em co-autoria e em quais idiomas, e, por fim, número de supervisão de pesquisadores em nível de pós-graduação. São sobre esses elementos que se concentram as reflexões contidas no texto.
This progress report examines the relationship between continued growth in the sub-field of labour geography, especially in research on migration, and the concept of precarity. An increasingly dominant frame in critical studies of labour and the employment relation, and resonant in the political sphere within (and now beyond) Europe, precarity has seen slower uptake by geographers. However, research on migrant labour and emerging work on technological change, flexibilization, restructuring and insecurity is employing precarity as a multi-dimensional conceptual framework. In this sense, I argue that the distinction between notions of precarity grounded in political economy and those grounded in political philosophy is increasingly – and productively – blurred. As I illustrate, this blurring is apparent in labour geography’s ongoing and deepening engagement with precarity, yet our distinctive contribution to a spatialized theorization of precarity remains, I argue, an open question.
L’Alcalatén és una comarca valenciana situada a la muntanya interior castellonenca que, al llarg
dels huit segles que abraça aquest estudi, ha experimentat un seguit de canvis de tota mena que han
configurat diversos tipus de paisatge; des del ramader dels primers segles i l’agrícola del xix i part del
xx, fins la diversificació paisatgística actual que ha conformat tres tipus ben diferents de paisatge dins
la mateixa comarca.
En aquest article es tracta d’explicar el com i el per què de la seua evolució paisatgística; una evolució
que val, en gran mesura, per a entendre la general de les terres interiors castellonenques i ser conscients
de la situació d’aquestes en moments, com els actuals, de múltiples incerteses.
This paper examines U.S. support of the Free Syrian Army (FSA) through compliance-gaining theory. By and large, the theory describes how one party is able to get another party to comply with specific demands. The particular compliance-gaining tactics explored in this analysis are ingratiation, debt, guilt, and compromise. Thanks to these tactics, we can better understand how a rebel group like the FSA has managed to convince a superpower like the U.S. to support it, in spite of the historical implications of supporting rebel groups in the past. To make its compliance-gaining stronger, the FSA has played up ideas or concepts like oil, trust, blame, obligation, and past U.S. military interventions to collaborate with the U.S. so as to bring down the Syrian government and, by the same token, resist Russian influence in Syria.
El área de estudio comprende desde los 13.8 ° hasta los 18.3 ° de latitud sur del territorio peruano, abarca principalmente las regiones de Tacna, Moquegua, Arequipa y parte de Ayacucho, Apurímac y Puno. Geomorfológicamente abarca principalmente la cordillera Occidental y parte del Altiplano. Con base en imágenes satelitales, información de geología regional y distribución de fuentes termales se determinó once (11) estructuras caldéricas de diversas dimensiones. La geometría de las estructuras en algunos casos se determina gracias a patrones geomorfológicos de ambiente volcánico. Se determinó que en la zona de estudio, existe una amplia distribución de lavas y rocas piroclásticas recientes, las cuales enmascaran las estructuras caldéricas y por otro lado deja oculto diversos sistemas geotermales. En algunos casos se presenta manifestaciones geotermales en superficie, las cuales han salido mediante fallas recientes. La distribución de manifestaciones geotermales coincide en muchos casos con los bordes de las estructuras caldéricas y también está controlada por sistemas estructurales, contactos geológicos, los cuales se intersectan con bordes de referidas calderas. Por lo tanto, se concluye que en el sur del Perú existe un promisorio potencial de recursos geotérmicos, en algunos casos con manifestaciones visibles en superficie y otros ocultos por materiales volcánicos recientes.
Chek Lap Kok (Hong Kong Airport) 21.00 01.12.19, a short video by Stephen Connolly which documents a walk to Hong Kong Airport from the Expo centre on the airport island, by means of slow travel, under makeshift conditions, and without carbon expenditure. The video offers a brief exploration of the materialities and grounded infrastructures of aviation at a moment of pandemic-led change and invites us to look anew at the familiar and banal physical geography of the airport and how we move within it, drawing on Lefebvre’s Production of Space and theories of ‘Spatial Cinema’.
Urban green parks perform a remarkable role for the physical, social and psychological wellbeing of the urban public by providing space for relaxation and recreation, directly influencing public health through mitigation of the urban heat impact, noise reduction and moderation of air and water pollution. An indicator-based approach on analytical hierarchical processing was used to identify and assess the driving forces for the utilization of urban green parks and their accessibility. Eight indicators: location, topography and geography, facility and services, safety and security, social and culture, ecology, demography, and weather and climate (further divided into 50 factors) were used in the study. Data were collected through a questionnaire survey in which 887 regular park users participated. A standardized study design was implemented to study and assess four urban green parks in the Colombo metropolitan district, Sri Lanka. The study identified park facilities and services as well as safety and security measures maintained by the park as the key factors of appeal, while location, ecology, topography and geography, including weather and climate, had a lower relative influence when selecting a park for recreation. Social, cultural and demographic factors appeared to be of the least interest. The study recommends park managers to assess their parks using this model to enhance the characteristics found to be the most important. It further suggests developing models also for other park types by considering which factors would have the highest relative influence in providing a better service for the regular park user.
At the end of 2016, Islamist organisations proved able to mobilise hundreds of thousands of people for political purposes in Indonesia. In order to explain their success, the role of social media should not be underestimated, as Islamic movements rely heavily on agitation in online media. This article sheds light on the example of the Front Pembela Islam, using one of the organisation’s Facebook pages as a case study. Within the algorithmic enclave of a cyber tribe, narratives and symbols are applied in memes. The research examines how narratives and symbols evoke emotions in online memes and offline banners, what narratives are addressed, and how the memes make claims regarding commonly acknowledged signifiers such as the NKRI, Islam and Pluralism. The guiding thesis is that these memes express not simply anti-pluralist or anti-NKRI notions, as opponents of these groups frequently assert, but rather combinations of
robust nationalism and their alternative version of pluralism with conservative Islamic approaches. Nonetheless, threats and enemies are inevitably present as a constitutive outside and suggest a highly exclusive version of Indonesianness. Thus similar narratives and symbols applied in online media also emerge within public spaces, blurring the distinction between the online and offline realms.
History of Asia, Unlocalized maps (Asian studies only)
Saskia van Henten, Wim Adriaensen, Helina Fikre
et al.
Leishmania aethiopica is the main causative species for cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in Ethiopia. Despite its considerable burden, L. aethiopica has been one of the most neglected Leishmania species. In this review, published evidence on L. aethiopica history, geography, vector, reservoir, epidemiology, parasitology, and immunology is discussed and knowledge gaps are outlined. L. aethiopica endemic regions are limited to the highland areas, although nationwide studies on CL prevalence are lacking. Phlebotomus pedifer and P. longipes are the sandfly vectors and hyraxes are considered to be the main reservoir, but the role of other sandfly species and other potential reservoirs requires further investigation. Where and how transmission occurs exactly are also still unknown. Most CL patients in Ethiopia are children and young adults. Lesions are most commonly on the face, in contrast to CL caused by other Leishmania species which may more frequently affect other body parts. CL lesions caused by L. aethiopica seem atypical and more severe in their presentation as compared to other Leishmania species. Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis and diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis are relatively common, and healing of lesions caused by L. aethiopica seems to take longer than that of other species. A thorough documentation of the natural evolution of L. aethiopica as well as in depth studies into the immunological and parasitological characteristics that underpin the atypical and severe clinical presentation are needed. Better understanding of CL caused by this parasite species will contribute to interventions related to transmission, prevention, and treatment. Keywords: Cutaneous leishmaniasis, Ethiopia, Leishmania aethiopica
C Factor is alongside the topographic factor, one of the most influential factors in estimating soil losses by means of the USLE model. Starting from this reality, we have used three methodologies in this study in order to obtain a cover-management factor in a 291 km2 territory located in North-West of Romania. The main objective of this comparative analysis is to highlight the best suited workflow for the medium-sized areas under the medium and high usage of data sets. The results were partly corroborated with data obtained from ESDAC which resulted from the application of the so-called LANDUM model. The best results have been obtained by using the Linear Spectral Unmixing technique on Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS to derive the vegetation and bare soil at the pixel level, and two more variants of built-up areas, namely one for the water, followed by the algorithm of the first four components and the evaluation of the C Factor (CLSU).
Abstract This discussion is centralized around an incident that took place in the Belgian village Witry the 17th of September 2014. A tractor accident led to the discharge of an aqueous solution of the herbicide metazachlor into the creek Moyémont that further merges into the river Sûre. About 20 km downstream, these waters supply the lake of the Upper-Sûre in Luxembourg, the biggest artificial lake and the main drinking water reservoir in the country. The evolution of the concentration of metazachlor and its metabolite 479M08 was partially tracked down from the river Sûre to the dam situated in the east. At this location, the SEBES drinking water treatment plant has its raw water intake from the lake. After this incident, substantial pollution by the metazachlor breakdown product 479M08 of the lake and of some other groundwater sources in the Grand Duchy was revealed due to a strong monitoring program that was started by the national water authority (AGE). This was for example the case in the SEBES groundwater resource Scheidhof close to Luxembourg City. There is also the reason to assume that contamination by 479M08 existed already in the lake before the incident in Witry, certainly due to agricultural activity. In the second part of this discussion, these perceptions are placed in their appropriate political context. Indeed, the quality of groundwater and drinking water is strongly regulated in the European Union and in Luxembourg. Compound 479M08, for instance, is submitted to a maximum parametric value of 0.1 µg/L in Luxembourg. Several short- and longtime political measures had to be taken to guarantee the wholesomeness of the water from a legal point of view.