This study investigated the research training opportunities offered in accredited Australian counselling courses. A desktop review of 90 accredited counselling qualifications across 44 institutions was conducted, focusing on the inclusion of named research methodology and project subjects. Results indicate a wide variation of exposure to specific research methodology and project subjects, depending on the level of study and specific course chosen. Students who study courses offering insufficient research training and production may require additional bridging studies to be eligible for doctoral studies. Recommendations are provided.
Community health workers (CHWs) have demonstrated effectiveness in delivering EBTs; however, the integration of CHWs in the U.S. mental health system remains limited. This Comment presents key recommendations for optimizing CHW integration into the mental health spectrum of care to better meet the needs of youth. We discuss necessary advancements across domains of practice, research, and policy to support the sustainability of these models.
AbstractThe purpose of this article is to recount the early history of the Rorschach's inkblots test in Europe and the USA; its subsequent application in highlighting the ill effects on children of bombing during the Second World War; its wartime use in selecting military personnel; its post‐war use in selecting patients for psychotherapy at the Tavistock Clinic in London and subsequent decline in this use of Rorschach's inkblots in favour of focus on the psychotherapy patient's transference experience of the psychotherapist treating them. The article ends with evidence of interest, beyond psychotherapy, in Rorschach's inkblots and with the implications of this for the author's principal conclusion regarding the value of these inkblots in evoking the free association and conversation crucial to psychotherapy.
Patients’ outcome expectation (OE) represents their belief about the mental health consequences of participating in psychotherapy. A previous meta-analysis of 46 independent samples receiving the treatment of at least 3 sessions revealed a significant association between more optimistic baseline, or early treatment, OE and more adaptive posttreatment outcomes (weighted r = .12 or d = .24; Constantino, Glass, Arnkoff, Ametrano, & Smith, 2011). The present study represents an update to that meta-analysis. To be included, articles published through June 2017 had to (a) include a clinical sample, (b) include a therapist-delivered treatment of at least 3 sessions, (c) include a measure of patients’ own OE, (d) include at least 1 posttreatment mental health outcome not explicitly referenced as a follow-up occasion, and (e) report a statistical test of the OE−outcome association. The updated meta-analysis was conducted on 81 independent samples (extracted from 72 references) with 12,722 patients. The overall weighted effect size was r = .18, p < .001, or d = .36, with high heterogeneity (I2 = 76%) and no evidence of publication bias. Several variables (patient age, measure type, and treatment manual used) moderated the OE−outcome association. These robust, replicated meta-analytic findings are discussed in light of methodological limitations and with regard to their practice implications.
Ayesha Ali, Iqra Imtiaz, Muhammad Mehdi Abbas
et al.
Objectives: To determine the frequency of musculoskeletal discomfort and peripheral neuropathies in clinically practicing physical therapist and to assess their health related quality of life.
Methodology: This cross-sectional survey was conducted on 352 physical therapist of either gender aged 25 to 40 with minimum one year of clinical experience from February to July 2021. Modified Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire was used to determine the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders and Douleur Neuropathique 4 questionnaire was used to assess the peripheral neuropathies. World Health Organization Quality of Life scale was used to assess the quality of life. The data was analyzed through SPSS 21.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 30.01±3.66 (years). Majority of the participants were males 196 (55.7%). Most commonly involved areas of discomfort in the past 12 months were lower back 49 (13.92%), wrist/hands 40 (11.36%) and shoulder 35 (9.94%). In last year, physical therapist reported that musculoskeletal disorders at the lower back 51 (14.49%), wrist and hands 38 (10.79%) and shoulder 30 (8.52%) respectively caused limitation in daily activities. Neuropathic pain incidence was found lower 67 (19.03%) using DN4 questionnaire. According to WHOQOL-BREF the mean score was lowest in physical (63.86±17.30) and psychological (64.96±15.68) domains of quality of life.
Conclusion: The current study concluded that musculoskeletal disorders were prevalent among physical therapists and only few physical therapists had peripheral neuropathy. Among quality of life domains physical and psychological domain had low mean scores compared to social and environmental domain.
Vocational rehabilitation. Employment of people with disabilities, Therapeutics. Psychotherapy
In recent years, the study of neuropsychology has played a significant role in explaining the symptoms of borderline personality disorder. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to model the relationship between cognitive defusion and problem-solving, considering the mediating role of metacognitive awareness in individuals with borderline personality disorder. The population of this research included all individuals with borderline personality disorder in Kurdistan province, aged between 18 and 60 years, during 2020 and 2021. A purposive sampling method was employed, following the "Kline" rule, and a total of 234 individuals were selected from this population. The participants completed the Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire by Gillanders et al. (2014), the Metacognitive Awareness Inventory by Schraw and Dennison (1994), and the Social Problem Solving Inventory by D'Zurilla and Nezu (2002). The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling in Amos-22 software. The results confirmed the mediating role of metacognitive awareness in the relationship between cognitive defusion and problem-solving abilities in individuals with borderline personality disorder. Specifically, cognitive defusion directly and positively influences problem-solving skills (p < 0.01, β=0.47), and metacognitive awareness also directly and positively affects problem-solving skills (p < 0.01, β=0.19). Additionally, cognitive defusion indirectly affects problem-solving skills by influencing metacognitive awareness (p < 0.05, β=0.07). These results highlight the significance of both cognitive defusion and metacognitive awareness in predicting and improving problem-solving abilities in individuals with borderline personality disorder.
Este trabajo propone una reflexión acerca de las condiciones posibles en las que una posición subjetiva fuera de los discursos establecidos —tal es la definición de la psicosis para Lacan en 1972— puede provocar efectos en el lazo social. En este caso, nos valdremos de una lectura de la película Joker (2019) a partir de operadores teóricos psicoanalíticos. En la lectura resaltamos cómo la inicial posición de obediencia indigna se convierte en indignación, a partir de numerosas experiencias de maltrato, y desencadena efectos incalculables de sublevación, tanto subjetiva como social. Esta elaboración es un aporte a la reflexión sobre la función social de las psicosis y el problema de las externaciones sustentables en salud mental.
The aim of this study was to examine the role of sensory processing sensitivity and emotional processing in predicting psychological disturbances in drug-dependent individuals. The method was descriptive-correlational where the population included all male drug abusers in Tabriz city. The sample consisted of 290 individuals who were selected by cluster sampling. The data were collected using Highly Sensitive Person Scale (HSPS), Emotional Processing Scale (EPS) and Kesler Psychological Distress Scale (K-10) and were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis. The results revealed that sensory processing sensitivity and emotional processing had a positive relationship with psychological disturbances (p < .01). Also, the results of multiple regression analysis showed that sensory processing sensitivity and emotional processing can significantly predict 40 percent of psychological disturbances variance (p < .01). In accordance with current findings, it seems that sensory processing sensitivity and inefficient emotional processing are the antecedents of psychological disturbances in drug-dependent individuals.
Karyna Fomenko, Tamara Khomulenko, Anastasiia Bolshakova
et al.
The article presents the results the clinical aspiration for superiority, which suggests: the constant aspiration to dominate in competitive struggle and achieve performance results that surpass the performance of other people or groups of people, the dependence of self-esteem on success in moving towards a goal, the implementation of which gives an advantage over competitors; the ignoring the negative consequences of competitive struggle - conflicts, emotional burnout, psychosomatization and the actualization of the feeling of envy. It was shown tat ciclic model of clinical aspiration for hubristic superiority consisits of the 1) dependence of self-esteem on the achievement of superiority over others, 2) choosing a goal to achieve superiority, 3) object selection for comparison / competitiveness, 4) nonflexible standards for achieving superiority - "rules of competitiveness", caused by 5) cognitive distortions and 6) behavior, associated with competitiveness and achievements giving the opportunity to compare themselves with others, 7) achieving or nonachieving superiority or refusal of comparison or competitive struggle, which lead to 8) narcissistic senses. This model considers as the base of cognitive-behavioral therapy of clinical aspiration for hubristic superiority.
José I. Baile, María J González-Calderón, Ruth Palomo
et al.
La obesidad es uno de los grandes problemas de salud en la actualidad, que afecta a millones de personas a lo largo de todo el mundo, lo que obliga a todos los profesionales de la salud a trabajar en su prevención y tratamiento. El papel de los psicólogos en la intervención de la obesidad ha sido tradicionalmente el tratamiento de las alteraciones psicológicas comórbidas, con las que suele cursar. Sin embargo, desde hace más de cuatro décadas, existen intervenciones psicológicas específicas para la obesidad, fundamentalmente desde una perspectiva cognitivo-conductual, las cuales no están aún muy extendidas. Este trabajo revisa la breve historia de la aproximación psicológica de la obesidad, analiza las evidencias empíricas que sustentan a los distintos programas de tratamiento, recopila cuáles son los componentes típicos de los enfoques cognitivo-conductuales, incluyendo varios protocolos de intervención, y pone en evidencia los retos que todavía le quedan a la psicología en la intervención de esta enfermedad.
The article is devoted to the analysis of literature data on the study of cognitive disorders in children. The issues of the prevalence of these disorders are considered. Ir was noted the fact that the high prevalence of epilepsy in the population, frequent combination with mental retardation and personality changes and the need for long-term therapy anticonvulsant therapy determine the exceptional importance of this problem in pediatric neurology and psychiatry. The issues under consideration are due to the fact that the presence of cognitive disorder is one of the essential aspects in epileptological practice, as well as the fact that neurologists and psychiatrists involved in the treatment of epilepsy in children and adolescents often underestimate these disorders. The article pays attention to the etiological and pathogenetic aspects of the cognitive disorders formation, the dependence of the occurrence of these disorders on the localization of the epileptic focus, on the nature of the seizures and age-related features of the epilepsy course. It is indicated that cognitive disorders in patients with epilepsy is determined by biological and social factors interaction complex. The main points that can explain the cognitive and behavioral problems in children with epilepsy are underlined. Two mechanisms in the violation of the cognitive activity of patients with epilepsy are identified. It is indicated that psychosocial problems for patients often come to the fore, including cases when control over seizures has not been achieved yet. In particular, depression in patients with difficult to control epilepsy affects quality of life more than frequent suizures. In addition, depression can have a significant impact on cognitive function. Complaints on speech functions, memory, attention, thinking disorders that patients can present at the doctor’s appointment, are in second place after complaints on seizures. It was also given attention to the views on approaches to the treatment of cognitive disorders. It is indicated, that providing assistance to children with cognitive disorders should have a comprehensive and individual approach, combining non-medicament and medication methods.bThe funds belonging to the group of nootropic drugs, and also directed psychological correction, supported by antiepileptic therapy are applied traditionally for the treatment of cognitive disorders.
Flying dreams are termed ‘gravity dreams,’ along with dreams that include falling, climbing, descending and floating through air, water and stairs. Enormous wave dreams are also considered to be gravity dreams. Phenomenological studies looking at flying dreams are scarce, and this area of dreaming remains largely unexplored, despite gravity dreams being listed as one of the most commonly reported dreams. This study uses phenomenologically-orientated qualitative thematic analysis to explore the idiographic experience of the embodied self during an unassisted gravity dream. Six gravity dreamers were interviewed. Thematic analysis uncovered six major themes: ‘Boundaries;’ ‘Not of this world;’ ‘Being more than oneself’; ‘Temporality’ (the sense of infinity or forever in the dream); ‘Locus of control’ and ‘Gravity Dreaming as a Process’ (in terms of learning to fly over time or a history of gravity dreaming). Four of the participant dreams described were lucid in nature. The discussion suggests that explorations of existential experiences enable us to push the boundaries of research, generating new ways to practice psychotherapy and greater understanding of how our experiences shape the formation of both therapist and therapy.
This article examines the recent debates within the scholarship on narcissism considering whether too high self-esteem is the problem, or whether the grandiose exterior acts as a mask for low self-esteem. It considers the possibility that the difficulty is resolved by the existence of two types of narcissism existing on a continuum: "overt", "grandiose", "oblivious" and "thick-skinned" narcissism on the one hand and "covert", "vulnerable" or "thin-skinned" narcissism on the other. Using recent psychodynamic thinking on narcissism, this article integrates recent attachment scholarship including Allan Schore’s seminal idea of attachment as a source of emotional regulation, and Daniel Stern’s concept of attunement, arguing that this gives a richer and more plausible explanation of a possible aetiology of the development of both kinds of narcissism. Manne then raises the question: Why is narcissism on the rise? Why is empathy declining? Why are avoidant attachments increasing? Why are parents more likely to behave such that, as John Fiscalini argued, "These children get what they do not need and do not get what they do need"? The article moves beyond the individual to the ways our contemporary economic and cultural context – the harsh and hypercompetitive world of neo liberalism – has profoundly reshaped our attitudes to nurture, care and the self, and made narcissism into a strategy for survival.
"This article is a condensed version an argument made in greater depth in Manne’s book The life of I: The new culture of narcissism" (2014).
Background: Lateral epicondylitis is one of the common conditions in the elbow joint. Muscles and
soft tissue around the elbow are predominantly involved in lateral epicondylitis, studies identified that
extensor muscles specifically extensor carpi radialis brevis (ECRB) is affected due to vigorous and
repeated wrist movements. Multiple management strategies have been identified ranging from
conservative to surgical, Cryotherapy to ergonomic advices, but still the results are inconclusive.
Objectives: The objective is to find out the effect of Myofascial Release Therapy (MFR) and Active
Stretching on pain and grip strength in Lateral Epicondylitis.
Methodology: Quasi experimental study design with 42 sample size was selected for the study in
consideration of the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Study was approved by the institutional ethical
committee. The participants were divided into two groups, group I underwent myofascial release
therapy with active stretching, and group II underwent only active stretching for 8 weeks, All participants
receive treatment thrice weekly. The outcome measures selected were pain and grip strength.
Pain was assessed through visual analog scale and the grip strength was assessed through Hand
held Smedley spring dynamometer
Results: The results were analysed using Mann Whitney U test to compare the difference between
the experimental group and control group. The result shows that adding Myofasical release therapy
with active stretching produce a significant improvement in pain reduction and the grip strength in the
patients with lateral epicondylitis.
Conclusion: The study concluded that adding MFR with active stretching produces significant
reduction of pain and improvement of the function in lateral epidcondylitis.
Key words: Lateral epicondylitis, Myofascial release therapy, Active stretching, Grip strength. Pain.
Vocational rehabilitation. Employment of people with disabilities, Therapeutics. Psychotherapy
Author comments on the case study ‘Relational Healing of Early Affect-Confusion’, written by Richard Erskine and responses to his article written by Maša velc, James Allen, Ray Little and Grover Criswell.
Una clínica excedida
El artículo trata acerca de la culturalización
del psicoanálisis, una
cuestión que plantea la existencia
de universales, tanto en el saber
analítico, como en la clínica que se
adorna con ese nombre. Aborda la
problemática a partir del postulado
del asesinato del padre en Freud y
de cómo se puede pensar hoy en
día que su convicción central —la
realidad histórica de aquel asesinato—
sea al mismo tiempo respetada
y transformada. Esto tiene efectos
sobre lo que se transmite que es,
quizás, la consistencia de un saber,
y no tanto sus temas particulares.
Une clinique excédée
La culturalisation de la psychanalyse
pose la question de l’existence
d’universelles tant du côté du savoir
analytique que de la clinique que
s’agrémente de ce nom. La question
est abordée du côté du postulat
freudien du meurtre du père: comment
peut-on penser aujourd’hui
que sa conviction centrale, c’est
à dire la réalité historique dudit
assassinat, soit en même temps
respectée et transformée? Ses effets
touchent à ce qui est transmis, peutêtre
plus la consistance d’un savoir
que ses aspects particuliers.
An Exceeded Clinic
The article is about the acculturation
of psychoanalysis, an issue raised
by the existence of universals,
both in analytic knowledge (savoir),
as in the clinic that is adorned with
that name. It addresses the problem
from Freud’s postulate of the
murder of the father and it wonders
how his central conviction –the
historical reality of that murder– can
today be both respected and transformed.
This has an effect on what
is transmitted which is, perhaps, the
consistency of a knowledge (savoir),
rather than its particular topics.
Una paradoja freudiana
del amor
Tomando como eje principal el
texto freudiano “El malestar en
la cultura”, el artículo ubica una
paradoja con respecto al amor, al
denotar que si bien es cierto que
el amor hace posible el lazo social,
a su vez atenta contra él. Se abordan
diversos textos de Freud que
permiten dilucidar dicha paradoja,
y que nos remiten a la tensión entre
sexualidad y cultura, a los afectos
que acompañan al amor, como los
celos, la envidia y el odio, así como
al lugar estructural en donde surge
el primer amor y que prepara al
sujeto para su incursión en lo social:
la familia.
Un paradoxe freudien de
l’amour
À partir principalement du «Malaise
dans la civilisation», l’article trouve
un paradoxe touchant à l’amour,
lorsqu’il est indiqué que même si
c’est vrai que l’amour rend possible
le lien social, en même temps il porte
atteinte contre. Plusieurs textes
de Freud sont abordés pour éclaircir
le paradoxe, ce qui nous renvoi à la
tension entre sexualité et culture,
aux affect s qui accompagnent
l’amour —la jalousie, l’envie, la haine,
de même qu’au lieu structurel
d’où procède le premier amour et
qui prépare le sujet à son incursion
dans le social: la famille.
A Freudian Paradox of
Love
By having as a main axis the Freudian
text “Civilization and its Discontent”,
this paper focuses on
a paradox regarding love, as it
indicates that although love makes
the social link possible, at the same
time it threatens it. Based on this,
some of Freud’s texts will be taken
to elucidate such a paradox, and
thus approach the tension between
sexuality and culture; the affections
that go along with love, such as
jealousy, envy, and hate; as well as
the structural place where first love
originates, and which prepares the
subject for his/her incursion into
social life: family.
Mindfulness is non-judgmental, accepting awareness of what is going on in the present moment. The author proposes that mindfulness promotes natural healing of the organism, where the change comes spontaneously by acceptance and awareness of internal experience. Such process the author describes as ‘mindful processing’, because with mindful awareness disturbing experiences can be processed and integrated. The author’s interest in how mindfulness can be systematically applied in psychotherapy led to the development of the ‘mindful processing’ method, which invites the client to become aware of the moment-to-moment subjective experience. The method is used within attuned therapeutic relationship and thetheoretical framework of Integrative Psychotherapy. Mindful Processing is not goal-oriented and doesn’t strive to achieve a positive outcome. Such an outcome is a natural by-product of accepting awareness of both pleasant and unpleasant inner experience (body sensations, affects and/or thoughts). The method is illustrated with a transcript of a session with commentary.
¿Qué pasa con el duelo para una mujer? Después de recorrer a Freud y a Melanie Klein, la autora se interesa en lo real del cuerpo de la mujer para poder interrogar su relación con la pérdida, apoyándose en los trabajos de psicoanalistas que hablaron desde su clínica, después de Lacan. La histeria y la neurosis obsesiva dan a la mujer el mecanismo para protegerse de lo real que le es propio; la clínica del adolescente esclarece, en la relación madre-hijo, este asunto de una manera particular.