В статье рассматриваются вопросы, связанные с биографией и деятельностью известного историка права конца XIX — начала XX в. Н.Н. Дебольского.Автором отмечается важность научного наследия Н.Н. Дебольского через изучение его научных работ как представителя историко-правовой школы русского права, ученика В.И. Сергеевичаи Н.В. Дювернуа, делается акцент на биографиях и основных трудах членов семьи Дебольских, повлиявших на его мировоззрение и становление как ученого.Подчеркивается высокий уровень историко-правовой мысли Н.Н. Дебольского для развитиятрадиционных российских ценностей. Указывается на необходимость современного изучения егометодических подходов в истории русского гражданского права и делается краткий обзор его научных работ.Особый вклад Н.Н. Дебольского связан с исследованием понятия гражданской дееспособностив русском праве. Он подвергает историко-правовому анализу вопросы дееспособности в различныепериоды становления русского права. Исследуя и анализируя источники русского законодательствадо XVII в., он устанавливает зависимость физических лиц от различных обстоятельств как критерийволи. Н.Н. Дебольский выделяет следующие обстоятельства: пол, возраст, здоровье, социальный статус и др. Его работа является фактически единственной из числа диссертаций по гражданскому праву университетов Российской империи, посвященной дееспособности по русскому праву.
Comparative law. International uniform law, Jurisprudence. Philosophy and theory of law
Autonomy in weapon systems is already a genuine concern. States try to come up with their own definitions of these systems and pay utmost effort to impose their own understanding of these systems upon other states. For a fairly high number of states barring a total ban on such weapons would be the ideal solution; however, such states that are anxious about the increase in autonomy in war-making capabilities, as adopts a second-best scenario to contain risks created by the deployment of such systems. To this end, placing them under meaningful human control emerges as an important political and legal objective. The author believes that placing autonomous weapons under human supervision, despite its initial promise, will yield negative results. This is due to the fact that humans tend rather to be too willing to follow the solutions generated by autonomous systems. First observed in other industries of civilian nature like aviation or health, automation bias has the potential to negate most if not all of supervision measures expected to ensure proper implementation of international humanitarian law.
Private international law. Conflict of laws, Jurisprudence. Philosophy and theory of law
The rise of mobile trading applications (“MTAs”) has largely been facilitated by the Financial Conduct Authority's (“FCA”) competition mandate and has democratized access to financial markets. However, the increased competition has led MTAs to deepen gamification techniques, ultimately encouraging impulsive trading behaviour amongst retail investors. This article examines how gamification, coupled with social media influence, poses significant financial risks, including market volatility and systemic risk. It suggests a proactive regulatory approach, emphasizing investor education to mitigate risks. While such efforts can reduce risks, they cannot eliminate them entirely and as such, the FCA faces a crossroads in how they wish to deal with their competing mandates of competition and consumer protection.
En este artículo se explica en qué sentido cabe entender que la solidaridad es un valor esencial en el fundamento de los derechos humanos, primero, contraponiendo la visión que la circunscribe a un valor propio de la ética individual con su comprensión como valor de la Ética Pública; y después, contraponiendo los presupuestos neoliberales predominantes en nuestra sociedad con los presupuestos que hay detrás de esa comprensión de la solidaridad como valor esencial en la fundamentación de los derechos humanos. De esta manera, se concluye con la necesidad de atender al equilibrio que se ha de entender que hay entre los valores de la Ética Pública de la Modernidad.
There are still families, the climate of which creates premises for the formation of criminal personality, such as: conflictual families, hyperauthoritarian families or hyperpermissive, etc. The family environment can present very diverse deficiencies of a legal, social, moral, pedagogical order, related to situations such as: infidelity, abandonment, divorce, cohabitation, death, drug addicts, sexual vices, etc., not to mention the absence of the family environment itself, as in the case of orphaned, abandoned children in the care of public assistance. Parents often educate children empirically, relying on intuition and habit. The family’s educational deficiencies are manifested by: the total lack of interest in the child’s education; the excess of care, the indulgence of exaggerated affection; inability to provide the child with positive human models through their own example of behavior; lack of understanding and affection due to selfishness and indifference towards the child; excessive severity, unconscious or intentional, which creates an anxious family climate; the use of acts of violence as educational means.
Private international law. Conflict of laws, Jurisprudence. Philosophy and theory of law
Complete volume, containing all articles CONTENTS Introduction: Feriel Bouhafa, Towards New Perspectives on Ethics in Islam: Casuistry, Contingency, and Ambiguity I. Islamic Philosophy and Theology Feriel Bouhafa, The Dialectics of Ethics: Moral Ontology and Epistemology in Islamic Philosophy Frank Griffel, The Place of Virtue Ethics within the Post-Classical Discourse on ḥikma: Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī’s al-Nafs wa-l-rūḥ wa-sharḥ quwāhumā Ayman Shihadeh, Psychology and Ethical Epistemology: An Ashʿarī Debate with Muʿtazilī Ethical Realism, 11th-12th C. Hannah C. Erlwein, The Moral Obligation to Worship God Alone: Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī’s Analysis in the Tafsīr Anna Ayse Akasoy, Philosophy in the Narrative Mode: Alexander the Great as an Ethical Character from Roman to Medieval Islamicate Literature II. Islamic Jurisprudence Ziad Bou Akl, From Norm Evaluation to Norm Construction: The Metaethical Origin of al-Ghazālī’s Radical Infallibilism Felicitas Opwis, The Ethical Turn in Legal Analogy: Imbuing the Ratio Legis with Maṣlaḥa Robert Gleave, Moral Assessments and Legal Categories: The Relationship between Rational Ethics and Revealed Law in Post-Classical Imāmī Shīʿī Legal Theory Omar Farahat, Moral Value and Commercial Gain: Three Classical Islamic Approaches III Hadith, Quran, and Adab Mutaz al-Khatib, Consult Your Heart: The Self as a Source of Moral Judgment Tareq Moqbel, “As Time Grows Older, the Qurʾān Grows Younger”: The Ethical Function of Ambiguity in Qurʾānic Narratives Enass Khansa, Can Reading Animate Justice? A Conversation from Alf Layla wa-Layla (The Thousand and One Nights) Nuha AlShaar, The Interplay of Religion and Philosophy in al-Tawḥīdī’s Political Thought and Practical Ethics William Ryle Hodges, Muḥammad ʿAbduh’s Notion of Political Adab: Ethics as a Virtue of Modern Citizenship in Late 19th Century Khedival Egypt
The utilization of coastal space for marine tourist destination has developed very rapidly; unfortunately, this marine tourism management potentially results in conflict. Marine tourism managed by villagers in Bangkalan Regency is the example of potential conflict in its implementation. In Labuhan Village, Sepulu Sub District, Bangkalan Regency mangrove tourism has resulted in conflict of management between the communities in a village. It is well established that public participation is one of variables that can affect supportability of coastal environment for marine tourism development, but non-participative management will affect the sustainability of tourism business itself. The objective of research was to formulate the model of marine tourism management policy through Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDes). Such policy model is expected to minimize the conflict of spatial management. To achieve this objective of research, a Socio Legal Research type was used with factual and conceptual approaches. The result of research showed that the marine tourism management policy in Madura coastal area is managed more in group by mangrove farmer group, tourism consciousness group (pokdarwis) and community supervisor group (pokwasmas), and only very few have been managed by BUMDes. BUMDes is selected to be a legitimized institution in managing the marine tourism in coastal areas, because BUMDes can stimulate and activate the rural economic wheel managed fully by villagers. Juridical construction of marine tourism management through BUMDes can be legitimized based on Village Act. Village Regulation and legal entity-organization are legal figures underlying the marine tourism management through BUMDes as governed in Village Act and Minister of Village, Transmigration, and Disadvantaged Region’s Regulation about the establishment, the administration and management, and the dismissal of Village-Owned Enterprises.
Private international law. Conflict of laws, Jurisprudence. Philosophy and theory of law
Reseña a: Quicios Molina, Susana y Álvarez Medina, Silvina. El Derecho frente a la violencia dentro de la familia: Un acercamiento multidisciplinar a la violencia de género y la protección de los hijos menores de edad. Pamplona: Aranzadi, 2019.
The article is devoted to the analysis of the theory of legal fact P.G. Vinogradov. The author proves
its special significance for the modern theory of state and law. The work shows its place in the jurisprudence of the XIX - beginning of XX century. The author focuses on the classification of legal
facts given by P.G. Vinogradov. The article reveals the differences in the concept of legal fact given
by P.G. Vinogradov, from the end of XIX - beginning of XX century accepted in jurisprudence and its
virtues are shown
Jurisprudence. Philosophy and theory of law, Civil law
This article explores the emerging use of the proportionality concept in the contract law of the Anglo-common law world, first to understand its internal logic, and secondly, to situate its invocation within private law theory. What are judges doing when they appeal to “proportionality”?, and what does this say about the ideology of adjudication? I draw insights from the use of proportionality in other domains, in particular public law, to uncover its internal rationality as a means-ends rationality review coupled with a process of balancing competing considerations, which I illustrate with reference to the illegality, penalty, and cost of cure doctrines. I argue that proportionality reflects a method of pragmatic justification, expressing an aspiration towards a structured and transparent mode of argumentation that is anti-formal and anti-ideological, focusing from the bottom-up on contextual considerations, and occupying a distinct space against existing theories in private law driven, for instance, by “top-down”? rights-based ideologies or critical and communitarian perspectives.
A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo fulcral delimitar os pressupostos de uma tutela jurisdicional adequada, por meio de uma crítica ao modelo predominante, para que seja possível apontar os avanços/retrocessos do novo Código de Processo Civil quanto a esse direito fundamental. Concluiu-se que uma tutela jurisdicional efetivamente adequada é aquela que considera as particularidades do caso concreto (questão de fato) como pressuposto incindível da fundamentação da decisão (questão de direito), sendo, assim, minimamente coerente interna (coerência com o caso concreto) e externamente (coerência com o direito enquanto integridade). Esse modelo coloca em risco o direito fundamental à tutela adequada, nos moldes trabalhados na presente pesquisa.
Jurisprudence. Philosophy and theory of law, Political institutions and public administration (General)
En el presente estudio, desde el garantismo de Ferrajoli, se revisa al juicio electoral como medio de impugnación, que en la práctica se promueve para impugnar las sentencias que dicta el Tribunal Local en los procedimientos sancionadores ordinario y especial, aun cuando este juicio carece de sustento en las leyes electorales, asimismo, se revisan los medios de impugnación en materia electoral, así como la sentencia ST-JE-25/2018, que se generó con motivo de una elección municipal en el Estado de México y se reflexiona acerca de los motivos que existen para que se incluya el juicio electoral como medio de impugnación en la Ley General del Sistema de Medios de Impugnación en Materia Electoral.
Resumen: Los medios de comunicación tienen una responsabilidad indiscutible en la defensa y promoción de los Derechos Humanos. Más aún: tiene la obligatoriedad moral y ética de proporcionar informaciones basadas en la verdad y la objetividad. ¿Qué ocurre con los medios de comunicación en las dictaduras donde se ejerce de manera sistemática la violación de Derechos Humanos? ¿Qué responsabilidad social tienen estos en el sustento y pervivencia de las dictaduras? Este artículo ahonda en esta cuestión a propósito de un estudio de caso, el de la desaparición de la joven chilena Marta Hugarte durante la Dictadura del general Pinochet.
Abstract: The Mass Media have an unquestionable responsibility in the defense and promotion of Human Rights. Moreover, they have the moral and ethical obligation to provide information based on truth and objectivity. What happens with the Media in dictatorships where the violation of Human Rights is systematically practiced? What social responsibility do these have in the sustenance and survival of dictatorships? This article delves into this question with regard to a case study, the disappearance of the young Chilean Marta Hugarte during the dictatorship of General Pinochet.
<p>Harta bersama merupakan suatu akibat hukum setelah terjadinya perceraian. Kedudukan harta bersama setelah perceraian diatur menurut hukumnya masing-masing, sesuai dengan ketentuan Pasal 37 UU Perkawinan. Berdasarkan Pasal 97 KHI apabila putus perkawinan karena perceraian maka harta bersama dibagi dua. Namun dalam kenyataannya berdasarkan Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 597 K/Ag/2016, hakim memutukan bagian yang diterima oleh bekas isterinya lebih besar dari bekas suaminya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menjelaskan pertimbangan hakim Mahkamah Agung dalam pembagian harta bersama setelah perceraian, dan pemenuhan prinsip keadilan dan kepastian hukum terhadap pembagian harta bersama setelah perceraian berdasarkan Putusan Mahkamah Agung RI Nomor 597 K/Ag/2016. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian hukum normatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan undang-undang, pendekatan kasus dan pendekatan konseptual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hakim Agung dalam putusannya Nomor 597 K/Ag/2016 berdasarkan asas keadilan dan <em>sosial justice</em> tidak membagi ½ (seperdua) bagian harta bersama untuk bekas suami dan untuk bekas isteri, bahkan hakim Agung memutuskan pembagian harta bersama 2/3 untuk bekas isteri dan 1/3 bagian untuk bekas suami dengan pertimbangan bekas isteri lebih berkontribusi dalam menghasilkan harta bersama. Keputusan hakim Agung yang mengenyampingkan Pasal 97 KHI, dimana hakim Agung berpendapat kurang adil dan tidak sependapat dengan Hakim Mahkamah Syariah Aceh mengingat porsi andil isteri lebih besar dalam perolehan harta bersama dalam perkawinan.</p>
Islamic law, Jurisprudence. Philosophy and theory of law
El presente trabajo se encuentra dentro del marco de la Psicología Jurídica. Dentro de este ámbito uno de los aspectos que más interés suscita son los perfiles criminales. Se propone el modelo ENCUIST como modelo de personalidad para la realización del perfil indirecto de la personalidad, con la inclusión de las variables de extroversión/búsqueda de sensaciones, neuroticismo (ansiedad, ira y asco), insensibilidad emocional, impulsividad/agresividad y necesidad de cognición. Mediante la aplicación de modelos de ecuaciones estructurales se analiza tanto la influencia directa como indirecta de dichas variables en el modelo de Gray (BIS/BAS). La muestra está formada por 737 sujetos a los que se aplica el test de personalidad ENCUIST para evaluar los rasgos mencionados. Los resultados de la investigación se discuten a continuación.
Jurisprudence. Philosophy and theory of law, Psychology