Hasil untuk "Industry"

R. Rumelt

M. Porter

Z. Acs, D. Audretsch

P. Boffetta, Nadia Jourenkova, P. Gustavsson

L. Chiffre, S. Carmignato, J. Kruth et al.

T. Beck, A. Demirguc-Kunt, L. Laeven et al.

S. Thornhill

A. Hasanbeigi, L. Price, E. Lin

Geoffrey G. Bell

Zeeshan Raza, J. Woxenius, Ceren Altuntas Vural et al.

Rapidly evolving needs of shippers, rising competition, advancement in digital technologies and a quest to increase cost and operational efficiencies are all driving the digital transformation of maritime logistics. However, in contrast to other industries such as media, telecom, banking, retail and even other traffic modes, the often family-controlled and network-centric liner shipping industry has historically been conservative in adopting innovations; hence, it is still far behind in embracing digitalization. Based on semi-structured interviews with senior executives of liner shipping companies, this study explores the current digital maturity levels, the opportunities provided by digitalization and the underlying challenges that hinder its implementation in the liner shipping segment within the larger maritime logistics industry and identifies the essential leading strategies of digitalization in this segment. The digital maturity categories applied to liner shipping provide an opportunity for practitioners in this industry to evaluate their business functions ’ digital maturity levels. Furthermore, based on interview data, digital transformation for the maritime logistics industry is defined, as well as 9 major barriers and 19 different pathways to digital transformation are identified. Understanding the key challenges and success factors in the industry is a key to approaching digitalization problems and developing a healthy digital transformation process.

Jacinda Malva Liya, Helman Fachri

Competition in the Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) industry and the cosmetic retail sector in Pontianak City encourages consumers to be increasingly selective in making purchasing decisions, particularly by considering product quality and price suitability. This condition is relevant for CV Kita Beauty Pontianak as a cosmetic retailer that serves as one of the distribution channels for Unilever products. The research problem of this study is whether product and price influence purchasing decisions of Unilever products at CV Kita Beauty Pontianak, both partially and simultaneously. This study aims to analyze the effect of product and price on purchasing decisions of Unilever products at CV Kita Beauty Pontianak. The method used is associative research with a quantitative approach. Primary data were collected through closed questionnaires and interviews, while secondary data were obtained from company documents. The research sample consisted of 100 respondents using a purposive sampling technique, and data analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression accompanied by validity tests, reliability tests, and classical assumption tests (normality, linearity, and multicollinearity). The results show that the research instruments are valid and reliable and that the model meets classical assumptions. Partially, product has a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions (β = 0.374; t = 4.356; p < 0.05) and price has a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions (β = 0.268; t = 3.408; p < 0.05). Simultaneously, product and price have a significant effect on purchasing decisions (F = 30.107; p < 0.05) with a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.485, indicating that 48.5% of the variation in purchasing decisions is explained by product and price.

Emil Mihai Pavelescu, Saroj Kumar Patra, Cosmin Romaniţan et al.

Intermediate band solar cells (IBSCs) have the potential to overcome the efficiency limit of single-bandgap solar cells. Dilute nitride III–V alloys, with splitting of the conduction band due to band anticrossing, can be used as the intermediate-band material for solar cell applications. In this work, we report on the introduction of engineered GaInNAs alloy, with low (dilute) In and N contents, as IBSC material and the comparison of the performances of GaInNAs-based and the corresponding In-free GaNAs-based IBSCs grown on GaAs (100) substrate. Introduction of a small amount of In (3%) in a GaN _0.011 As _0.989 -based IBSC was found to noticeably increase the short-circuit current, I _sc , at the expense of a small decrease in the open-circuit voltage, V _oc . When annealed at 750 °C for 90 s, significant enhancements in I _sc and V _oc are seen, especially in the In-containing solar cell. The observed In-related enhancement in cell parameters after annealing is related to In-promoted bandgap tailoring and efficient curing of carrier traps during annealing. This occurred without change in the macroscopic composition of the GaInNAs alloy, most likely by In-N bond formation upon annealing, a phenomenon which does not exist in the GaNAs alloy.

Mansour Binandeh

In this study, a new magnetic nanocatalyst with a heterogeneous structure was used, and its application in new multiple coupling reactions was investigated. The structure of this new nanocatalyst Fe3O4@SiO2/C (CPTES)L (ligand)/Co/Cu was confirmed by VSM, SEM, EDX, and other analyses. The new coupling reaction involved the formation of multiple bonds, including sulfur bonding with two phosphorus and oxygen atoms, which was carried out in a domino manner. The formation of phosphorus-sulfur and carbon-oxygen-carbon-phosphorus bonds was accompanied by an efficiency of more than 95%, and the optimal catalytic dosage was about 0.02 mol%. This nanocatalyst has the ability to be used repeatedly during the reaction and was evaluated using the molar percentage to molecular weight analysis of the nanocatalyst after several washings, drying, and weighing. The results showed that after 10 cycles of recovery from the nanocatalyst in repeating the coupling reactions, its recovery power was reported to be about 94%. What was unique was the performance of multiple coupling reactions, which included the creation of new products proposed to be used as prodrugs in the medical industry due to their structural similarity with hypnotic and Alzheimer's drugs. Research in the medical field could provide a bright horizon for the development of targeted drug delivery systems.

Sahar Marefat, Ali Shayanfar, Farnaz Monajjemzadeh

The evaluation of color in pharmaceutical materials and products serves as an essential method for assessing physical appearance, stability, and overall quality control. Any recognizable color change in pharmaceuticals may lead to failure in meeting quality objectives. Traditional visual examinations, while commonly used, are subjective and prone to inconsistency, making them inadequate for precise assessment. As a result, advanced instrumental techniques have gained prominence, with CIE (Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage) Lab color space being widely recognized for its accuracy and applicability. Developed by the International Commission on Illumination, the CIELab system characterizes color using three components: L (lightness), a⁎ (red-green axis), and b⁎ (yellow-blue axis), providing a quantitative, standardized approach for color measurement. This method has been extensively utilized in pharmaceutical research and industry for diverse applications, such as quality control, stability studies, and batch-to-batch consistency evaluations. The present review aims to discuss studies that have employed this method in pharmaceutical color assessment, and related quality control issues.

Huiling Zhou, Kaixuan Tang, Longfang Huang et al.

Cultivating tourists’ environmental responsibility behavior is an effective way to relieve the pressure of ecological environment in tourist destinations. Based on the value-attitude-behavior theory, this paper constructs a relationship model of values, ecotourism attitude, social responsibility awareness and environmental responsibility behavior, and explores the mechanism of tourists’ values influence on environmental responsibility behavior. Taking three scenic areas (Mao’er Mountain, Yulong River and Xingping Ancient Town) in the Lijiang River Basin of Guilin, a world-famous tourist destination in China, as a case study, the structural equation model is used to test the theoretical hypotheses of tourists’ environmental responsibility behavior. The results of the three studies show that values have a significant positive impact on tourists’ environmental responsibility behavior, while ecotourism attitude cannot directly affect tourists’ environmental responsibility behavior, but values can indirectly affect tourists’ environmental responsibility behavior through the chain intermediary of ecotourism attitude and social responsibility awareness. The findings of the study can effectively guide tourists’ environmental responsibility behavior, which has far-reaching significance for the sustainable development of tourist destinations.

Azizollah Khormali, Soroush Ahmadi

Abstract Scale precipitation is one of the major problems in the petroleum industry during waterflooding. The possibility of salt formation and precipitation should be monitored and analyzed under dynamic conditions to improve production performance. Scale precipitation and its dependence on production parameters should be investigated before using scale inhibitors. In this study, the precipitation of barium sulfate salt was investigated through dynamic tube blocking tests at different injection rates and times. For this purpose, the pressure drop caused by salt deposition was evaluated at injection rates of 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 mL/min. The software determined the worst conditions (temperature, pressure, and water mixing ratio) for barium sulfate precipitation. Moreover, during the experiments, the pressure drop caused by barium sulfate precipitation was measured without using scale inhibitors. The pressure drop data were evaluated by the response surface method and analysis of variance to develop a new model for predicting the pressure drop depending on the injection rate and time. The novelty of this study lies in the development of a new high-precision correlation to predict barium sulfate precipitation under dynamic conditions using the response surface methodology that evaluates the effect of injection rate and time on the possibility of salt precipitation. The accuracy and adequacy of the obtained model were confirmed by using R2 statistics (including R2-coefficient of determination, adjusted R2, and predicted R2), adequate precision, and diagnostic charts. The results showed that the proposed model could fully and accurately predict the pressure drop. Increasing the time and decreasing the injection rate caused an increase in pressure drop and precipitation of barium sulfate salt, which was related to the formation of more salt due to the contact of ions. In addition, in a short period of the injection process, the pressure drop due to salt deposition increased sharply, which confirms the need to use a suitable scale inhibitor to control salt deposition. Finally, the dynamic tube blocking tests were repeated in the presence of two well-known scale inhibitors, which prevented salt deposition in the tubes. At the same time, no pressure drop was observed in the presence of scale inhibitors at all injection rates during a long period of injection. The obtained results can be used for the evaluation of salt precipitation during oil production in the reservoirs, in which barium sulfate is precipitated during waterflooding. For this purpose, knowing the flow rate and injection time, it is possible to determine the amount of pressure drop caused by salt deposition.

Zhang Dini

Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) is critical for companies operating in the global retail industry in order to achieve their expected long-run values. As a holistic, top-down approach to managing the risk, ERM can bring valuable insights into how companies operating in the global retail industry make agile responses to shifting consumer demand and product supply. We look at specifically how ERM strategies helped Walmart during the Pandemic, especially in the early phase.

Georgiana-Florina ILIE (POPA), Lucian StANCIU-GORUN

Strongly hit by the pandemic crisis, the hotel industry needs a comeback. After a long period of pandemic, hoteliers are forced to identify new ways to reinvent their business. Many hotels were put up against the wall, taking into account the fact that a serious component of income were the restaurants that were often included in the accommodation package, there was practically the meal supplement. As the return of tourism is still being questioned, hotel representatives need to understand that people need safety and hygiene, which requires increased attention to gain confidence. One way to recover can be Revenue Management strategies adapted to crisis or post-crisis situations. In the following we propose four types of Revenue Management strategies in order to diminish the effects of the pandemic crisis.

Zhang-Jian Shan, Jian-Fei Ye, Da-Cheng Hao et al.

Medicinal plants are the primary material basis for disease prevention and treatment in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). The conservation and sustainable utilization of these medicinal plants is critical for the development of the TCM industry. However, wild medicinal plant resources have sharply declined in recent decades. To ameliorate the shortage of medicinal plant resources, it is essential to explore the development potential of the TCM industry in different geographical regions. For this purpose, we examined the spatial distribution of commonly used medicinal plants in China, the number of Chinese medicinal material markets, and the number of TCM decoction piece enterprises. Specifically, multispecies superimposition analysis and Thiessen polygons were used to reveal the optimal range for planting bulk medicinal plants and the ideal regions for building Chinese medicinal material markets, respectively. Furthermore, we quantitatively analyzed mismatches between the spatial distribution of commonly used medicinal plant richness, Chinese medicinal material markets, and TCM decoction piece enterprises. We found that the areas suitable for growing commonly used medicinal plants in China were mainly distributed in Hengduan Mountain, Nanling Mountain, Wuling Mountain, and Daba Mountain areas. The Thiessen polygon network based on Chinese medicinal material market localities showed there are currently fewer markets in southwestern, northwestern, and northeastern China than in central and southern China. TCM decoction piece enterprises are concentrated in a few provinces, such as Hebei and Jiangxi. We found that the distribution of commonly used medicinal plants, Chinese medicinal material markets and TCM decoction piece enterprises are mismatched in Henan, Shaanxi, Hunan, Hubei, Zhejiang, Fujian, Chongqing, and Xizang. We recommend strengthening development of the TCM industry in Henan, Hunan, Zhejiang, Shaanxi, Hubei, Chongqing, Fujian, and Xizang; building more Chinese medicinal material markets in southwestern, northwestern, and northeastern China; and establishing medicinal plant nurseries in resource-rich provinces to better protect and domesticate local medicinal plants.

Cássio Castro Souza, Justo Reyna

The Brazilian Public Administration is a repeat player and, often, predatory and strategic player. The behavior of the Public Administration is oriented towards the litigation and contributes to the increase in the congestion rate of the Judiciary, limiting access to justice. In this article, it was reflected whether a more adequate choice architecture could make the Public Administration start to show a more consensual and less litigious behavior. It was found that an architecture of choices appropriate to the greater promotion of access to Justice must create an administrative consensus by default, implemented based on an online dispute resolution system that presents an architecture of choices that makes the standard choice of individuals who wish to resolve a conflict with the Public Administration is self-composition.