This article examines Soviet cinema (1945–1990) to explore how artistic representations reflect projects for making the New Soviet Man. The scope of the study is limited to the post-war situation understood as an invariant of post-conflict culture. The initial idea is that in the post-war period, human experience formed during the war, axiological attitudes, and ways of adaptation are not abolished when society transitions to peaceful times but become building material and a resource for designing the present and the future. The man-making project is of particular significance in the realm of socio-cultural design. It involves the development of human qualities at the cognitive, axiological, and physical levels, which are essential for the successful execution of social projects. In this regard, the arts, particularly cinema, play a pivotal role in the process of anthropological engineering. The study references several films in which the past war is depicted as an event, a memory, a backdrop for understanding human transformations, a criterion for evaluating actions, and a potential resource for building the future. These themes are explored in depth.
The thematic material is analysed by period as follows: the post-war decade (“late Stalinism”), the Thaw, the transition period of the late 1960s and early 1970s, and “stagnation” or late socialism. In each period, two factors are used to assess the interpretation of the war theme: (a) the temporal factor, i.e., the time elapsed since the war; and (b) the сurrent situation, i.e., the ongoing man-making project aligned both with top-down institutional goals and bottom-up societal needs, shaped by the condition of human resources. Filmmakers become mediators between the subjects of engineering, and this provides a basis for obtaining information about both the real anthropological transformations in Soviet society and the projective efforts of artists and the authorities. A comparative analysis of the periods leads to conclusions about the prolonged use of the military theme as a resource for engineering the Soviet man from the mid-1950s to the mid-1970s; the impossibility of using the experience of war as building material for the future; and the need to search for new guidelines for development outside the military discourse during the late socialist period.
History (General) and history of Europe, Language and Literature
Generative AI systems are increasingly embedded in everyday life, yet empirical understanding of how psychological risk associated with AI use emerges, is experienced, and is regulated by users remains limited. We present a large-scale computational thematic analysis of posts collected between 2023 and 2025 from two Reddit communities, r/AIDangers and r/ChatbotAddiction, explicitly focused on AI-related harm and distress. Using a multi-agent, LLM-assisted thematic analysis grounded in Braun and Clarke's reflexive framework, we identify 14 recurring thematic categories and synthesize them into five higher-order experiential dimensions. To further characterize affective patterns, we apply emotion labeling using a BERT-based classifier and visualize emotional profiles across dimensions. Our findings reveal five empirically derived experiential dimensions of AI-related psychological risk grounded in real-world user discourse, with self-regulation difficulties emerging as the most prevalent and fear concentrated in concerns related to autonomy, control, and technical risk. These results provide early empirical evidence from lived user experience of how AI safety is perceived and emotionally experienced outside laboratory or speculative contexts, offering a foundation for future AI safety research, evaluation, and responsible governance.
Existing research focuses on how different actors infuse space and place with social meaning. In this paper, I examine how biracial rap artists Drake, Logic, and J. Cole construct their racial identities and depict urban areas in line with the strong-willed trope prevalent in rap discourse, drawing on theories and insights regarding the production of space. Specifically, I hypothesize that these artists will affirm a Black male identity and perceive place as a hazardous environment, embracing a specific motif in rap mythology. I conducted a content analysis of 386 songs from 2010 to 2023 and found that not all identify as Black and that two artists portray their surroundings as threatening. Nonetheless, each rapper incorporates their environment as a facet of their rap persona. Focusing on biracial artists enables an exploration of meaning-making at the intersection of racial identity and socio-spatial cultural production, thereby broadening our understanding of place.
Gustavo Bonil, João Gondim, Marina dos Santos
et al.
This study investigates how large language models, in particular LLaMA 3.2-3B, construct narratives about Black and white women in short stories generated in Portuguese. From 2100 texts, we applied computational methods to group semantically similar stories, allowing a selection for qualitative analysis. Three main discursive representations emerge: social overcoming, ancestral mythification and subjective self-realization. The analysis uncovers how grammatically coherent, seemingly neutral texts materialize a crystallized, colonially structured framing of the female body, reinforcing historical inequalities. The study proposes an integrated approach, that combines machine learning techniques with qualitative, manual discourse analysis.
Andrea Nasuto, Stefano Maria Iacus, Francisco Rowe
et al.
Large language models (LLMs) offer new opportunities for scalable analysis of online discourse. Yet their use in multilingual social science research remains constrained by model size, cost and linguistic bias. We develop a lightweight, open-source LLM framework using fine-tuned LLaMA 3.2-3B models to classify immigration-related tweets across 13 languages. Unlike prior work relying on BERT style models or translation pipelines, we combine topic classification with stance detection and demonstrate that LLMs fine-tuned in just one or two languages can generalize topic understanding to unseen languages. Capturing ideological nuance, however, benefits from multilingual fine-tuning. Our approach corrects pretraining biases with minimal data from under-represented languages and avoids reliance on proprietary systems. With 26-168x faster inference and over 1000x cost savings compared to commercial LLMs, our method supports real-time analysis of billions of tweets. This scale-first framework enables inclusive, reproducible research on public attitudes across linguistic and cultural contexts.
Effective decision-making in complex systems requires synthesizing diverse perspectives to address multifaceted challenges under uncertainty. This study introduces an agentic Large Language Models (LLMs) framework for simulating decision discourse - the deliberative process through which actionable strategies are collaboratively developed. Unlike traditional decision-support tools, this framework simulates diverse stakeholder personas, each bringing unique priorities, expertise and value-driven reasoning to a dialogue that emphasizes trade-off exploration in a self-governed assembly. We present explorative results fostering robust and equitable recommendations, with two use cases: first, our framework simulates a response to the floods that occurred on July 2025 in Texas; second, a hypothetical extreme flooding in a Midwestern township under varying forecasting uncertainty. Recommendations made balance competing priorities considered through social, economic and environmental dimensions, setting a foundation for scalable and context-aware recommendations and transforming how decisions for real-world high-stake scenarios can be approached in digital environments. This research explores novel and alternate routes leveraging agentic LLMs for adaptive, collaborative, and equitable recommendations, with implications across domains where uncertainty and complexity converge.
Gustavo Bonil, Simone Hashiguti, Jhessica Silva
et al.
With the advance of Artificial Intelligence (AI), Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained prominence and been applied in diverse contexts. As they evolve into more sophisticated versions, it is essential to assess whether they reproduce biases, such as discrimination and racialization, while maintaining hegemonic discourses. Current bias detection approaches rely mostly on quantitative, automated methods, which often overlook the nuanced ways in which biases emerge in natural language. This study proposes a qualitative, discursive framework to complement such methods. Through manual analysis of LLM-generated short stories featuring Black and white women, we investigate gender and racial biases. We contend that qualitative methods such as the one proposed here are fundamental to help both developers and users identify the precise ways in which biases manifest in LLM outputs, thus enabling better conditions to mitigate them. Results show that Black women are portrayed as tied to ancestry and resistance, while white women appear in self-discovery processes. These patterns reflect how language models replicate crystalized discursive representations, reinforcing essentialization and a sense of social immobility. When prompted to correct biases, models offered superficial revisions that maintained problematic meanings, revealing limitations in fostering inclusive narratives. Our results demonstrate the ideological functioning of algorithms and have significant implications for the ethical use and development of AI. The study reinforces the need for critical, interdisciplinary approaches to AI design and deployment, addressing how LLM-generated discourses reflect and perpetuate inequalities.
The super-accelerated (high-speed) life experiences and coercive practices of the new world order (Covid and post-Covid periods) have affected and changed the negotiation and conflict resolution skills of international actors. Today, with the pandemic and technological developments, acceleration has become a necessity in many fields. Many international mediators, especially the United Nations (UN), have also benefited greatly from digital technologies that pierce space and time during the most severe times of the Covid-19 pandemic. So, in today’s world, where economic, social and technological development continues at high speed, should negotiations and policies keep pace? If so, how should accelerated and virtualised political practices be discussed over conflict resolution? What is the impact of digitalisation on international mediation? This article critically discusses the relationship between digitalisation, speed, politics and conflict resolution through content and discourse analysis of political reports on peacemaking practices of different UN missions, especially during the most traumatic period of the pandemic (March 2020-March 2021). The study concludes that politics and negotiations need speed barriers because they need time, but they cannot be isolated from the developments and space of the high-speed society, so they need to follow the virtual space at all times and get involved when needed. As the analyses of the missions’ reports show, the effective use of digital technologies, especially during the pandemic, has led to a rapid transformation in mediation (from traditional to cyber-mediation) and conflict resolution activities have been able to continue uninterrupted, but the dangers of digitalisation have not disappeared.
Political institutions and public administration (General), International relations
Whilst there is some research into the media’s coverage of the British penal system, little is conducted through the lens of social psychology. This study employs social representations theory in order to examine British tabloid newspaper The Sun’s contribution to the public understanding of prisons and prisoners from a psychological perspective. The data consists of 34 articles published within the month of March 2017 which were analysed using a modified version of Foucauldian discourse analysis. It was found that The Sun’s coverage of the penal system contributed to a construction of prisons as both out of control and as providing prisoners with an easy life, and a construction of prisoners as both inherently dangerous and undeserving. These constructions contribute to a social representation of prisoners as ‘beyond redemption’. The implications of these findings are considered in light of the subject positions offered and the opportunities for action provided.
By applying Levinson's theoretical framework to the complicated domain of deictic phrases, this study examined and interpreted Tehmina Durrani's My Feudal Lord. The main linguistic component that serves as an anchor for conversation in specific spatiotemporal and social contexts was the deictic marker, which was the subject of this investigation. Knowing the different roles and effects of deictic markers in the novel's narrative setting was the goal of the study. The pragmatic principles governing the use of deictic phrases in communication were clarified by this study's close-textual analysis-based qualitative methodology, which drew on Levinson's pragmatic theory. The purpose of the study was to examine how character relationships, narrative viewpoint, and sociocultural nuances in the text are affected by deictic pronouns, demonstratives, temporal adverbs, and spatial expressions. The quantitative research looked at whether deictic phrases were used most and least frequently in the work. This investigation's fundamental idea was to apply Levinson's framework for interpretation in order to make sense of the practical implications of deictic utterances in "My Feudal Lord." This study thoroughly examined how deictic indicators interact with verbal acts, communicative implicatures, and beliefs in an effort to uncover the text's hidden meanings and its resonance in the socio-political context of modern-day Pakistan. Furthermore, the study underscored the significance of utilising Levinson's theoretical framework as a lens through which to perceive the author's narrative strategies and situated the analysis within the broader context of text interpretation and literary discourse. In the end, this study offered a thorough examination of the deictic phrases in "My Feudal Lord," improving our understanding of the pragmatic elements of language usage in literary works.
English literature, Language. Linguistic theory. Comparative grammar
The ethos of the journalist is based on his representations of the public space. Updated in the discourse, they participate in the construction of citizen identity. This is what we show through an enunciative analysis of editorials from the daily “Le Monde” during the Covid-19 pandemic crisis. The analysis highlights an increasingly marked identity divide during the crisis.
This article honors M. Gorky, the renowned proletarian writer, and considers his correspondence with Kazan schoolchildren and students of the Kazan Technical Plant in the 1920s and 1930s. So far, these letters have received little attention from researchers, but their value for raising young Soviet citizens in line with the new trends of Soviet education and state ideology is undeniable. Here, M. Gorky’s epistolary heritage and journalistic statements are analyzed, and 12 letters written to him by Kazan children are studied. The letters are available in the A.M. Gorky Archive of the A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences (AG IWL RAS) and introduced for the first time into the scholarly discourse. The analysis shows that M. Gorky was always considerate and thoughtful towards his young addressees so that he became a mentor to the younger Soviet generation. The survey reveals that the children’s letters have a rich informational and source potential. They provide a better insight into the psychological and social image of the Soviet people in the 1920s and 1930s. The results obtained are relevant to future studies on the epistolary and journalistic heritage of M. Gorky and add considerably to our understanding of the historical and literary process of that epoch. The epistolary materials involved in the study should be of interest to anyone curious about the Soviet period.
History of scholarship and learning. The humanities
This article is devoted to the study of legal discourse, taking into account the latest achievements of the current paradigm of modern interdisciplinary research, i.e. discourse complexology. Emergence of this theoretical paradigm was facilitated by the research of languages from the standpoint of their complexity and the development of methods for quantifying the complexity of texts. Based on the analysis of approaches to the study of language complexity and text complexity, the author suggests a possible adaptation of methodological techniques of discourse complexology to the analysis of not only inter-linguistic, but also intra-linguistic comparisons, for example, to the analysis of professional types of discourse. It is stated that, by analogy with the existence of different levels of complexity among different languages, different types of professional discourse can also be characterized by different degrees of complexity. The scientific novelty of the research lies in initiating the analysis of legal discourse from the standpoint of discourse complexology. Considering the complex nature of communication within legal discourse, the author applies a research concept that describes three models of interaction within a certain type of discourse: “language–communicant”, “language–language”, “language–discourse”. Based on the analysis of the research material, as well as taking into account the theoretical developments of discourse complexology, the author develops a preliminary classification of the parameters of legal discourse complexity, which includes phonetic, morphological, syntactic and lexical and semantic parameters. It is concluded that further study of legal discourse and other professional types of discourse, taking into account the latest achievements of discourse complexology, will contribute to the development of a typology of professional types of discourse from the standpoint of their complexity, as well as the practical application of the results obtained in various linguistic and pragmatic conditions.
Sameer Naser Olimat, Dana Khalid Mahadin, Kholod Naser Olimat
Despite growing research interest into the language of sports, little research investigates football teams’ nicknames significance and fan attitudes. The objective of this study is two-fold: to explore Jordanian youth attitudes and views towards these nicknames using a close-ended questionnaire, and to classify and analyse the nicknames into different categories from a socio-onomastic perspective. The study aims to answer two research questions. 1. What are the socio-onomastic categories of the 22nd World Cup football teams’ nicknames? 2. What are the views and attitudes of Jordanian youth towards the 22nd World Cup football teams’ nicknames? The current study uses a mixed methods approach. A list of the 22nd World Cup football teams’ nicknames was collected from several football sources. These nicknames were classified and analysed from a socio-onomastic perspective based on Skipper (1990), Leslie and Skipper (1990), and Wilson and Skipper (1990). In addition, a close-ended questionnaire was developed and distributed to 1000 undergraduate students from different Jordanian public universities. The data analysis reveals that the Jordanian fans, while aware of the origin and meanings of their teams’ nicknames, do not use them exclusively in their discourse. The findings demonstrate that around three quarters of the Jordanian fans follow the 22nd World Cup teams due to reasons other than geographical or ethnic affiliation. The results also show that football team nicknames can be complex in their construction from a socio-onomastic perspective and capitalise on different national, animal, metaphorical, and cultural symbols. From a socio-onomastic perspective, football teams’ nicknames are complex and capitalise on different national, animal, metaphorical, and cultural symbols. Further research is recommended on the importance of national football nicknames in light of increased globalisation and commercialisation of sports, and utilisation of nicknames by different users and on different platforms.
Introduction: A care crisis is taking place, reinforced by various aspects, including neoliberal policies. The reduction in working hours is a right to promote conciliation. However, this phenomenon has not yet been explored from Social Occupational Therapy. Objective: To delve into the phenomenon of the reduction of working hours in women, through the analysis of the media from a decolonial feminist perspective and Social Occupational Therapy. Method: Critical Discourse Analysis was used from a decolonial feminist perspective, as a methodological approach to analyze the discourses, language and meanings told in the media. The Factiva database has been used to locate the news. The search was carried out on May 2, 2020 jointly by the authors. 50 newspaper news have been included. Results: This work makes visible situations of institutional violence, denial of women's rights, deprivation of liberty, injustices, and inequalities. Reflections from Social Occupational Therapy and decolonial feminism are interwoven. Conclusions: Social Occupational Therapy calls for a constant questioning of spaces (local and situated, in this case, Galicia) and practice actions, which implies questioning the oppressive structures of domination (State’s articulation of the law of reduction of working hours and the social discourses constructed). The reduction in working hours is one more example of how our daily activities are mediated by patriarchal and colonial power relations.
Brian R. Pauw, Glen J. Smales, Andy S. Anker
et al.
A Round Robin study has been carried out to estimate the impact of the human element in small-angle scattering data analysis. Four corrected datasets were provided to participants ready for analysis. All datasets were measured on samples containing spherical scatterers, with two datasets in dilute dispersions, and two from powders. Most of the 46 participants correctly identified the number of populations in the dilute dispersions, with half of the population mean entries within 1.5% and half of the population width entries within 40%, respectively. Due to the added complexity of the structure factor, much fewer people submitted answers on the powder datasets. For those that did, half of the entries for the means and widths were within 44% and 86% respectively. This Round Robin experiment highlights several causes for the discrepancies, for which solutions are proposed.
Mahdi Deramnesari, Fahimeh Babalhavaeji, Zahra Abazari
et al.
<p>The main purpose of this study is to analyze the strategic role of public libraries in Iran’s Geopolitics of Information. This is applied research adopting a mixed-method (qualitative-quantitative) approach. A semi-structured interview was used to collect qualitative information. In the quantitative part, a researcher-made questionnaire was designed based on the results of the qualitative part. The statistical population of the research in the qualitative section included 13 experts and university professors who were selected purposefully based on a set of criteria. The qualitative data were analyzed using the qualitative content analysis method. The findings of the quantitative part were analyzed using factor analysis. The population of the quantitative part included the general managers and deputies of the general administrations of Iran's public libraries (70 people) and the librarians of the provinces that had the central public libraries from five clusters of north, south, east, west, and center of Iran, including 10 provinces and 160 librarians. Some 201 completed questionnaires were received. The findings showed that libraries had an implicit role in strengthening cultural identity and increasing public awareness, especially in strengthening Iranian-Islamic identity, as one of the three main components of geopolitics. However, this role is neither deliberated for a specific mission nor clearly explained in the upstream documents. Moreover, based on the findings, the acquisition of the centralized resources by the Iran Public Libraries Foundation for all public libraries is managed in an integrated manner such that there is not any clear role of user needs in the selection process. This is inconsistent with the Free-Flow of Information approach. The findings also suggested that national policymakers should pay attention to the role of public libraries as a public discourse space in transmitting culture and information and a base for strengthening the power of soft defense, training and explaining the specific role for librarians, developing technological infrastructure of libraries, providing resources based on local needs and the audience needs, continuous and purposeful monitoring of activities, and increasing the number of service recipients from public libraries.</p><p><a href="https://dorl.net/dor/%2020.1001.1.20088302.2022.20.1.8.1">https://dorl.net/dor/ 20.1001.1.20088302.2022.20.1.8.1</a></p>
Information resources (General), Transportation and communications
The author of the article attempts to reconstruct the image of children’s attitudes and behaviours considered by adults to be desirable and undesirable in Polish children’s songs. The described results represent a part of a wider research project aimed at recognizing the image of the social world contained in songs for children. The qualitative analysis of the linguistic layer of these lyrics, carried out using the discourse analysis method, enabled the author to reach the vision of the social world propagated by them. One of its key elements turned out to be the image of children’s attitudes and behaviours, which are considered appropriate (polite) and inappropriate (rude, naughty) by the songwriters. As the analyses show, apart from a few exceptions, the studied children’s songs clearly fit into the functional and behavioural pedagogical discourse, as they emphasize the need to submit the child to the rules imposed from above. The upbringing process is often presented in the songs as reduced only to the application of punishments and – less frequently – rewards.
In today's world, everyone is expressive in some way, and the focus of this project is on people's opinions about rising electricity prices in United Kingdom and India using data from Twitter, a micro-blogging platform on which people post messages, known as tweets. Because many people's incomes are not good and they have to pay so many taxes and bills, maintaining a home has become a disputed issue these days. Despite the fact that Government offered subsidy schemes to compensate people electricity bills but it is not welcomed by people. In this project, the aim is to perform sentiment analysis on people's expressions and opinions expressed on Twitter. In order to grasp the electricity prices opinion, it is necessary to carry out sentiment analysis for the government and consumers in energy market. Furthermore, text present on these medias are unstructured in nature, so to process them we firstly need to pre-process the data. There are so many feature extraction techniques such as Bag of Words, TF-IDF (Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency), word embedding, NLP based features like word count. In this project, we analysed the impact of feature TF-IDF word level on electricity bills dataset of sentiment analysis. We found that by using TF-IDF word level performance of sentiment analysis is 3-4 higher than using N-gram features. Analysis is done using four classification algorithms including Naive Bayes, Decision Tree, Random Forest, and Logistic Regression and considering F-Score, Accuracy, Precision, and Recall performance parameters.