This proposal aims to reflect on the relationship between communication and development, as well as to understand how cultural movements are linked to development policies through communication, based on the experiences of the central region of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil: the Center-Gare Creative District in Santa Maria (RS) and UNESCO World Geoparks in Caçapava do Sul and Quarta Colônia (RS). These three experiences highlight that it is essential to reflect on a more participatory communication model, one that is grounded in proposals for local, human and sustainable development, which respect cultures, recognize antagonisms and place communication at the service of development and expansion of citizenship. In this sense, communication presents itself as one of the dimensions of sustainable territorial development, since knowledge and information have become factors for reducing inequalities, adding value and promoting well-being.
Background: Rifampicin, an antibiotic used in the treatment of tuberculosis has raised concerns about its potential liver and kidney toxicity. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of Aloe vera against hepatorenal toxicity induced by rifampicin in male Wistar rats. Methods: Thirty rats were divided into six groups (n = 5): group A (control), group B treated with rifampicin, groups C–E treated with varying doses (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg) of Aloe vera alongside rifampicin as well as a group F treated with furosemide and rifampicin for a total of 30 days. Alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), creatinine, urea, and histopathological changes were evaluated. One-way analysis of variance and Tukey’s post hoc tests were applied with a significance level of 5%. Results: Results showed 98.28%, 107.66%, and 334.66% increase in ALT, AST, and ALP levels of group B (Rifampicin only) compared with the control group. In contrast, groups treated with Aloe vera showed significantly lower ALT, AST, and ALP levels as the dose increased from 50–200 mg/kg. A value of 2.23 Mg/dL content as a lipid peroxidation marker was observed in group B in comparison to the control group indicating oxidative stress while animals treated with Aloe vera at 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg showed decreased levels of MDA (1.53, 1.13, and 0.80 Mg/dL respectively) in comparison to group B. A decrease in CAT and SOD levels in the rifampicin-only treated animals was observed while there was an increase in CAT and SOD levels in animals treated with Aloe vera and furosemide concomitantly with rifampicin. Creatinine and urea levels increased significantly in group B and reduced as Aloe vera was introduced at 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg respectively. Histopathological analysis confirmed liver and kidney tissue damage in rifampicin only and progressive regeneration in groups treated with Aloe vera as the dose increased to 200 mg/kg. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that Aloe vera has a protective effect against rifampicin-induced hepatorenal toxicity in a dose-dependent manner by mitigating oxidative stress and improving liver and kidney function markers.
The animated films, has taken in the last decade of great relevance. This study aims to analyse the values that the female of the films from Disney. Through a descriptive and correlational study, we have proceeded to consult a group of teachers (N = 27) of said educational level, through a questionnaire of Marin and Sanchez (2015). The main result achieved has been the realization of the development of women and their role in society. It has also been confirmed that all transmit at least one traditional socially accepted value.
This article pursues the objective to initiate a debate on the concerns regarding the death of literature writers and their characters. Avoiding the temptation to impregnate the role of theoretical arguments on the various causes of suicide in a person, despite the presence of common factors, here it aims to recognize the existence of particular and specific reasons in each suicide. While countless treaties and literary works have been written on suicide, those follow religious, philosophical, socio-anthropological, economic, medical and psychiatric and genetic approaches. Thus, without claiming to exhaust the subject, rather than closing with concluding thoughts, some questions are formulated to continue the reflection on the phenomenon of suicide.
Protozoa parasites are eukaryotic organisms and are widely distributed in water environments. They cause food-borne diseases as well as survive in hostile environment for a long time. It is therefore worthy and necessary to understudy their occurrence and prevalence in drinking and recreational environmental water around the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Nigeria. In this study, 120 water samples were collected from Kwalita, Toge, Sherete, Pyakasa, Usuma lower Dam in and around the FCT and analyzed by microscopy. From the results, 59 out of 120 water samples were positive for protozoa. Out of the positive samples, the following were recorded; 22 Amoebae (37.3%), 13 ciliates (22.0%), 19 flagellates (32.2) and 5 cryptosporidium (8.5%). Parasites such as found in this study have been reported to cause several illnesses in humans and animals. To minimize the associated health-risks, it is hereby recommended that routine screening for these parasites particularly at household level and provision of adequate and safe drinking water would help to control the parasites.
The production process for the formation of H− ions in a surface conversion source is sputtering of hydrogen atoms from the converter surface layers by incident positive ions, followed by electron attachment via resonant charge exchange with the converter surface. The sputtering process is in direct relation to the converter surface composition. New experimental data led us to identify two different classes of converters: metallic converters, like solid barium(binary) and adlayer converters, like cesium on tungsten (ternary). For a binary converter the hydrogen in the surface layers is directly sputtered by the incoming ions. Consequently, the negative ion yield scales with the hydrogen concentration in the surface layers. In the cesium/tungsten system (ternary) the hydrogen at the surface is believed to be sandwiched between the cesium adlayer and the tungsten surface. Hence, the negative ion yield scales with the sputter coefficient of hydrogen on adsorbed cesium. This is experimentally confirmed.