The vitality dynamics of historic urban areas under high tourism pressure and their underlying mechanisms remain not fully understood, posing a challenge to sustaining their uniqueness against homogenized redevelopment. To explore this issue, this study utilises human mobility data and an XGBoost-SHAP model to examine the spatio-temporal dynamics of block-level vitality and to uncover the nonlinear effects of built environment factors in Shenyang, China. The results indicate that: (1) Diverging from the commuting patterns of general urban areas, the vitality of historic urban areas presents unique spatio-temporal shifts, transitioning from commercial centers on weekdays to a commercial-cultural mix during holidays. (2) The determinants of vitality vary temporally, shifting from accessibility-oriented (subway) on weekdays to heritage-oriented (state historic sites) during holidays. (3) By applying the ‘Three-Factor Theory’ from satisfaction research to decode nonlinear effects, the study classifies factors into Performance (functional density), Basic (proximity to water bodies), and Excitement (distance to subway and state historic sites). The findings guide urban renewal to prioritize systemic and sustainable vitality across the historic urban areas rather than maximizing vitality in specific locations.
Botond Bánszky, Gábor Tamás Eszlári, Napsugár Anna Fejér
et al.
This article presents the thesis abstracts of Bánszky Botond, Eszlári Gábor Tamás, Fejér Napsugár Anna, Jávor Ádám, Keller Réka, Klenczner Tamás Áron, Koncz Bianka Amaril, Kuna Máté, Limbach Noémi Anna, Lipcsei Dániel, Pellet Dávid Philippe, Pizmány Marcell Dávid, Sebők Gergő, Stummer Gergő, Szatmáry Anna Flóra, Veres Márta, Viszoki Blanka and Wagner Jakab Rudolf — students of the Master’s programme in Landscape Architecture — who successfully defended their theses in 2024 at the Institute of Landscape Architecture, Urban Planning and Garden Art, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences (MATE).
Kunihiko Fujiwara, Ryuta Tsurumi, Tomoki Kiyono
et al.
Three-dimensional urban environment simulation is a powerful tool for informed urban planning. However, the intensive manual effort required to prepare input 3D city models has hindered its widespread adoption. To address this challenge, we present VoxCity, an open-source Python package that provides a one-stop solution for grid-based 3D city model generation and urban environment simulation for cities worldwide. VoxCity's `generator' subpackage automatically downloads building heights, tree canopy heights, land cover, and terrain elevation within a specified target area, and voxelizes buildings, trees, land cover, and terrain to generate an integrated voxel city model. The `simulator' subpackage enables users to conduct environmental simulations, including solar radiation and view index analyses. Users can export the generated models using several file formats compatible with external software, such as ENVI-met (INX), Blender, and Rhino (OBJ). We generated 3D city models for eight global cities, and demonstrated the calculation of solar irradiance, sky view index, and green view index. We also showcased microclimate simulation and 3D rendering visualization through ENVI-met and Rhino, respectively, through the file export function. Additionally, we reviewed openly available geospatial data to create guidelines to help users choose appropriate data sources depending on their target areas and purposes. VoxCity can significantly reduce the effort and time required for 3D city model preparation and promote the utilization of urban environment simulations. This contributes to more informed urban and architectural design that considers environmental impacts, and in turn, fosters sustainable and livable cities. VoxCity is released openly at https://github.com/kunifujiwara/VoxCity.
While frameworks such as the WHO Age-Friendly Cities have advanced urban aging policy, rural contexts demand fundamentally different analytical approaches. The spatial dispersion, terrain variability, and agricultural labor dependencies that characterize rural aging experiences require moving beyond service-domain frameworks toward spatial stress assessment models. Current research on rural aging in China exhibits methodological gaps, systematically underrepresenting the spatial stressors that older adults face daily, including terrain barriers, infrastructure limitations, climate exposure, and agricultural labor burdens. Existing rural revitalization policies emphasize standardized interventions while inadequately addressing spatial heterogeneity and the spatially-differentiated needs of aging populations. This study developed a GIS-based spatial stress analysis framework that applies Lawton and Nahemow's competence-press model to quantify aging-related stressors and classify rural villages by intervention needs. Using data from 27 villages in Mamuchi Township, Shandong Province, we established four spatial stress indicators: slope gradient index (SGI), solar radiation exposure index (SREI), walkability index (WI), and agricultural intensity index (AII). Analysis of variance and hierarchical clustering revealed significant variation in spatial pressures across villages and identified distinct typologies that require targeted intervention strategies. The framework produces both quantitative stress measurements for individual villages and a classification system that groups villages with similar stress patterns, providing planners and policymakers with practical tools for designing spatially-targeted age-friendly interventions in rural China and similar contexts.
Text-to-image diffusion models help visualize urban futures but can amplify group-level harms. We propose collective recourse: structured community "visual bug reports" that trigger fixes to models and planning workflows. We (1) formalize collective recourse and a practical pipeline (report, triage, fix, verify, closure); (2) situate four recourse primitives within the diffusion stack: counter-prompts, negative prompts, dataset edits, and reward-model tweaks; (3) define mandate thresholds via a mandate score combining severity, volume saturation, representativeness, and evidence; and (4) evaluate a synthetic program of 240 reports. Prompt-level fixes were fastest (median 2.1-3.4 days) but less durable (21-38% recurrence); dataset edits and reward tweaks were slower (13.5 and 21.9 days) yet more durable (12-18% recurrence) with higher planner uptake (30-36%). A threshold of 0.12 yielded 93% precision and 75% recall; increasing representativeness raised recall to 81% with little precision loss. We discuss integration with participatory governance, risks (e.g., overfitting to vocal groups), and safeguards (dashboards, rotating juries).
Anna Agata Kantarek, Małgorzata Hanzl, Tomasz Figlus
et al.
Abstract The XXIX ISUF conference book explores the multifaceted theme of urban redevelopment and revitalisation through the lens of urban morphology. It underscores the growing relevance of urban rehabilitation, particularly in light of the principles of urban metabolism and circular economy. It addresses the theoretical and methodological intersections between urban morphology and urban rehabilitation, advocating for a multidisciplinary approach to tackle the diverse challenges of urban renewal. Key themes include political, legal, and administrative conditions influencing urban transformations, and the social and cultural determinants affecting spatial redevelopment. The book also offers a comprehensive review of current theoretical and practical expertise, providing insights into economic, functional, infrastructural changes, and the impacts of climate change on urban strategies. It examines methodological advancements, ranging from traditional case studies to advanced digital tools like GIS and AI. The volume includes detailed analyses of political and economic systems’ influence on urban renewal, case studies on social participation, and the impacts of migration and cultural diversity. Additionally, it discusses theoretical concepts linking urban morphology with urban renewal, exploring sustainability and climate change effects. Practical architectural and urban solutions are highlighted, showcasing implementations from various countries to offer a global perspective on the morphological method in urban revitalisation.
This paper assesses young adults’ quality-of-life in the context of urban segregation by using the Capability Approach as an informative framework to analyse people’s well-being. The study employs an open list of 15 urban capabilities to assess how young adults experience life in contexts when patterns of residential segregation are at play. Results show that quality-of-life outcomes diverge considerably between urban areas characterised by higher and lower degrees of social mix as young adults progress differently in the achievement of capabilities. The findings reveal that in mixed communities, while peer influence and social networks have a limited effect on young adults’ opportunities, there is a benefit derived from increased access to job opportunities and urban resources through interactions with better-off dwellers. Conversely, in areas with lower levels of social mixing, role models and social networks primarily operate within same-class boundaries, potentially restricting young adults’ life perspectives and hinder social mobility.
Tourism plays a crucial role in Nepal's gross domestic product (GDP) and employment generation. However, Nepal’s tourism industry is highly dependent on seasonality and environmental conditions, which means deviations in these factors can significantly disrupt tourism activities and services. These disruptions have both direct and indirect effects on economic activities and the livelihoods of communities reliant on tourism. Additionally, the increasing frequency and intensity of climate variables and extreme events adversely impact the health and safety of tourists and those involved in tourism, threatening the sector's sustainability. Current tourism models are also linked to carbon-intensive and polluting activities contributing to ecosystem degradation and exacerbating the climate crisis.
This study employs a mixed-methods approach to gather and analyse field-based data and stakeholder opinions, providing recommendations for policy interventions aimed at enhancing climate resilience in Nepal’s tourism sector. Field visits revealed significant climate trends and the impact of disasters on livelihoods, economies, and tourism. National stakeholder consultations and interactions highlighted the multi-level effects of climate vulnerability on local tourism, including infrastructural damage, economic setbacks, and safety concerns. This underscores the urgent need for robust adaptation measures.
Engaging intensively the businesses, private, academia, non-government, and government bodies is essential to fostering a climate-resilient tourism sector. Such collaboration can promote local participation and drive sustainable tourism growth in Nepal.
اوقات فراغت جزئی جداییناپذیر از زندگی روزمره است. حکومتها در تلاشند با ایجاد مراکز تفریحی و فرهنگی، فضای سالمی برای برآوردن این نیاز فراهم نمایند. در همین راستا شناسایی عوامل مؤثر در جهت افزایش تقاضای فضای فرهنگی در اجرای موفق این مراکز و درنتیجه رضایت شهروندان نقش مهمی دارد. این پژوهش بهدنبال پاسخ به این پرسش است: ساخت تئاتر شهر کرج چه تأثیراتی را در پی خواهد داشت و چگونه میتوان از تأثیرات منفی احتمالی کاسته و بر تأثیرات مثبت آن افزود؟ رویکرد روشی این پژوهش، ترکیبی و برای گردآوری دادهها از روشهای کمی و کیفی استفادهشده است. در راستای اهداف پژوهش، تأثیراتی شناسایی شده در 5 بعد اجتماعی، فرهنگی، محیطی- کالبدی، اقتصادی و روانشناختی دستهبندی و با بهرهگیری از نظرات متخصصان (روش دلفی) اهمیت هر یک از متغیرها مشخص شده است. تنش فرهنگی، طولانیشدن فرایند ساخت، متکدیان و کودککار، تغییر طراحی و غلبه کاربری تجاری، مخالفت برخی نهادها و سازمانها، افزایش هزینه ساخت و نگهداری، سرقت و دزدی، افزایش اجارهبهای مسکن، آلودگی هوا و صوتی، تجمع ارازل و اوباش، انحصار فضا به نفع گروهی خاص و کاهش امنیت (رتبه حداکثری)، افزایش دستفروشی، نزاع و درگیری، و کاهش احساس تعلق اجتماعی (رتبه بالا) و خالی از سکنه شدن محله و کاهش رضایت شهروندی (در رتبه معتدل) بهعنوان مخاطرات این پروژه شناسایی شده است.
This study examines the dynamics of Urban Land Use Succession (ULUS) in Upper Hill, Nairobi, highlighting the impact of neoliberal policies and private sector-led urban redevelopment. It investigates how land tenure, public infrastructure, and planning controls shape urban landscapes, leading to patchwork land use patterns and environmental misalignments. The case of Upper Hill, transitioning from a serene residential area to a bustling commercial hub, is explored to understand the determinants of ULUS and propose strategies for streamlined urban development. Employing Neoliberal Theory and hypothesis testing, the research identifies spatial policy as the primary driver of ULUS. The study suggests innovative approaches, including land assembly and the establishment of an Urban Redevelopment Authority, to harmonize urban development. These strategies aim to bridge the gap between private and public land development, ensuring coherent urban growth. The research contributes to the understanding of urban redevelopment, particularly in Kenyan contexts, by offering a model that integrates public and private interests. This model serves as a blueprint for managing urban transformation in Nairobi and other similar urban settings, promoting sustainable and equitable urban development.
Climate models lack the necessary resolution for urban climate studies, requiring computationally intensive processes to estimate high resolution air temperatures. In contrast, Data-driven approaches offer faster and more accurate air temperature downscaling. This study presents a data-driven framework for downscaling air temperature using publicly available outputs from urban climate models, specifically datasets generated by UrbClim. The proposed framework utilized morphological features extracted from LiDAR data. To extract urban morphological features, first a three-dimensional building model was created using LiDAR data and deep learning models. Then, these features were integrated with meteorological parameters such as wind, humidity, etc., to downscale air temperature using machine learning algorithms. The results demonstrated that the developed framework effectively extracted urban morphological features from LiDAR data. Deep learning algorithms played a crucial role in generating three-dimensional models for extracting the aforementioned features. Also, the evaluation of air temperature downscaling results using various machine learning models indicated that the LightGBM model had the best performance with an RMSE of 0.352°K and MAE of 0.215°K. Furthermore, the examination of final air temperature maps derived from downscaling showed that the developed framework successfully estimated air temperatures at higher resolutions, enabling the identification of local air temperature patterns at street level. The corresponding source codes are available on GitHub: https://github.com/FatemehCh97/Air-Temperature-Downscaling.
Tackling Urban Physical Disorder (e.g., abandoned buildings, litter, messy vegetation, graffiti) is essential, as it negatively impacts the safety, well-being, and psychological state of communities. Urban Renewal is the process of revitalizing these neglected and decayed areas within a city to improve the physical environment and quality of life for residents. Effective urban renewal efforts can transform these environments, enhancing their appeal and livability. However, current research lacks simulation tools that can quantitatively assess and visualize the impacts of renewal efforts, often relying on subjective judgments. Such tools are crucial for planning and implementing effective strategies by providing a clear visualization of potential changes and their impacts. This paper presents a novel framework addressing this gap by using human perception feedback to simulate street environment enhancement. We develop a prompt tuning approach that integrates text-driven Stable Diffusion with human perception feedback, iteratively editing local areas of street view images to better align with perceptions of beauty, liveliness, and safety. Our experiments show that this framework significantly improves perceptions of urban environments, with increases of 17.60% in safety, 31.15% in beauty, and 28.82% in liveliness. In contrast, advanced methods like DiffEdit achieve only 2.31%, 11.87%, and 15.84% improvements, respectively. We applied this framework across various virtual scenarios, including neighborhood improvement, building redevelopment, green space expansion, and community garden creation. The results demonstrate its effectiveness in simulating urban renewal, offering valuable insights for urban planning and policy-making.
The performance of a number of urban cooling techniques has been thoroughly studied by the scientific community. However, decision-makers lack the tools to spatialize their deployment as part of their urban cooling and climate change adaptation strategies. Among other indicators, a spatial assessment of the cooling potential for a technique in a given area is lacking. To this end, we analyze the physical mechanisms on which these techniques are based and identify corresponding geographical indicators that influence their cooling performance. Solar irradiance, existing material properties and underground infrastructure stand out as essential indicators for this purpose.
Kleanthis Malialis, Nefeli Mavri, Stelios G. Vrachimis
et al.
Accurate water consumption forecasting is a crucial tool for water utilities and policymakers, as it helps ensure a reliable supply, optimize operations, and support infrastructure planning. Urban Water Distribution Networks (WDNs) are divided into District Metered Areas (DMAs), where water flow is monitored to efficiently manage resources. This work focuses on short-term forecasting of DMA consumption using deep learning and aims to address two key challenging issues. First, forecasting based solely on a DMA's historical data may lack broader context and provide limited insights. Second, DMAs may experience sensor malfunctions providing incorrect data, or some DMAs may not be monitored at all due to computational costs, complicating accurate forecasting. We propose a novel method that first identifies DMAs with correlated consumption patterns and then uses these patterns, along with the DMA's local data, as input to a deep learning model for forecasting. In a real-world study with data from five DMAs, we show that: i) the deep learning model outperforms a classical statistical model; ii) accurate forecasting can be carried out using only correlated DMAs' consumption patterns; and iii) even when a DMA's local data is available, including correlated DMAs' data improves accuracy.
Between 1960 and 1980, urban renewal transformed many cities, creating vast handwritten records. These documents posed a significant challenge for researchers due to their volume and handwritten nature. The launch of GPT-4V in November 2023 offered a breakthrough, enabling large-scale, efficient transcription and analysis of these historical urban renewal documents.
Aulina Adamy, Meillyta Meillyta, Lisa Maharani
et al.
Among all of the Indonesian islands, Java poses the highest risk for all types of disasters, making it a significant threat to low-cost houses due to its high population vulnerability. The objective is to enhance comprehension of it by conducting a building typology analysis concerning various natural hazards/ risks. The methodology consists of 10 sample houses field observation, AutoCAD drawing, literature analysis, and built environment expert interviews. The results developed four categories of houses emphasising brick or timber walls with a combination of clay tile or zinc roofs. Related to disaster vulnerability, an improper building structure is the main problem. Smooth roof material is significant in a volcano eruption, a complete interconnection of structure is a must for the tornado, light materials are preferable in an earthquake zone, natural material is not recommended for high risk of forest fire, and elevating floor is mandatory in flooding. Focus on designing the four categories’ houses and quality control of the construction process are two strategies recommended. Also, a minimum of two types of disasters in the area should be considered in the design. Resilient low-cost houses will have an impact on reducing casualties, environmental damage, and economic losses. Covering more samples and areas in Java in future studies will provide a comprehensive understanding of low-cost houses.
This study aims to innovatively explore adaptive applications of large language models (LLM) in urban renewal. It also aims to improve its performance and text generation quality for knowledge question-answering (QA) tasks. Based on the ChatGLM, we automatically generate QA datasets using urban renewal scientific literature corpora in a self-instruct manner and then conduct joint fine-tuning training on the model using the Prefix and LoRA fine-tuning methods to create an LLM for urban renewal. By guiding the LLM to automatically generate QA data based on prompt words and given text, it is possible to quickly obtain datasets in the urban renewal field and provide data support for the fine-tuning training of LLMs. The experimental results show that the joint fine-tuning training method proposed in this study can significantly improve the performance of LLM on the QA tasks. Compared with LoRA fine-tuning, the method improves the Bleu and Rouge metrics on the test by about 5%; compared with the model before fine-tuning, the method improves the Bleu and Rouge metrics by about 15%-20%. This study demonstrates the effectiveness and superiority of the joint fine-tuning method using Prefix and LoRA for ChatGLM in the urban renewal knowledge QA tasks. It provides a new approach for fine-tuning LLMs on urban renewal-related tasks.
Abstrak
Dari kurun tahun 2019 dunia mengalami pandemic covid-19, virus covid-19 merucut ke Indonesia. Indonesia terkena dampak yang sangat besar dalam pertumbuhan virus covid-19 ini. Salah satunya yaitu kota Pekanbaru. Kota Pekanbaru merupakan kota yang teridikasi zona merah dalam berkurun waktu yang sangat lama sehingga menyebabkan kebudayaan itu bergeser. Contohnya seperti dulu kita mudah untuk berjabat tangan sehingga berkomunikasi bisa lebih nyaman kini bergeser menjadi bersosial distancing dengan unsur protokol kesehatan. Perilaku manusia kini menjadi berubah di karenakan pandemi virus covid-19 ini. Seperti pada pasar dimana masyarakat dulu mudah untuk berbelanja, bersentuhan atau kontak langsung dan juga tatap muka. Salah satu upaya mewujudkan kegiatan perdagangan dan jasa yang perlu dikembangkan yakni dengan merancang Trade Center. Trade center merupakan sebuah pusat bisnis perdagangan yang menyediakan fasilitas perdagangan dan jasa dengan menyatukan agen bisnis yang terlibat dalam perdagangan dan diharapkan dapat memicu perkembangan ekonomi di daerah pelayanan. Untuk memenuhi kebutuhan Trade center yang aman dan nyaman terhadap lingkungan maka di terapkannya arsitektur Eco-tech yang memiliki teknologi berwawasan lingkungan. Prancangan Trade Center tanggap pandemic covid-19Â ini berfokus pada desain yang menggunakan prinsip eco-tech, peraturan dan kebijakan pemerintah juga turut andil di dalam desain pada bangunan.
Kata Kunci :Protokol kesehatan, Dampak Covid-19, Trade Center, Ecotech Arsitektur.
Details in building design and construction. Including walls, roofs, Urban renewal. Urban redevelopment
Public interest has always been a controversial concept in spatial planning theories. The controversies over the concept imply a critical disagreement on what public interest is and if it exists at all. These have led to the development of multiple theories, challenging the legitimacy of planning. This article emphasizes the importance of addressing the question of public interest. However, it has not aimed to find an ultimate answer to the question; rather, it has focused on understanding the nature of the disagreements on this concept through the formulation of the different responses to this question. Accordingly, it has put its finger on the various ontological perspectives on the relation between the social and the individual by applying the meta-synthesis method and aimed to understand the trace of these perspectives on the conceptualization of public interest in the twelve most influential traditions on planning theory and practice. The article indicates the dominance of four approaches to the public interest in spatial planning, including individualism, universalism, pluralism, and critical tradition. In terms of these approaches, the article has addressed three questions: what is the nature of the relation between the social and the individual; what does constitute the public interest; and how does the so-called public interest actualize, especially in spatial planning?
Sari Desi Minta Ito Simbolon, Yunita Syafitri Rambe
The characteristics of a building style and its character are shaped by some of its architectural elements. One of these architectural styles is an Art Deco-style building that has its own character. This style first appeared in 1925 and developed until 1940. This European architectural style was adopted in various American buildings due to their condition in the time of the industrial revolution. The modern architectural movement that developed at that time also influenced the art deco style and gave it a modern touch. The Art Deco style in graphic design restores again decorativism but not necessarily in the form of ornaments. Decorative impressions can be achieved through the play of elements geometric, typographic blocks, textures and shades of color. Art Deco style has characteristics that are very distinctive and easily distinguished from other architectural styles. Art deco still exists in the spirit of medan city development as place of research evidenced by the many old buildings that are repurposed as well as new buildings that take the characteristics of Art Deco. One of them is the use of tower elements or one part of the building that rises slightly upwards and gives a magnificent impression.
Details in building design and construction. Including walls, roofs, Urban renewal. Urban redevelopment