Hasil untuk "Literature (General)"

Michael D. Williams, Nripendra P. Rana, Yogesh Kumar Dwivedi

Yu Liu, Shuping Liu, Zengfu Wang

C. Davis, J. Bryan, J. Hodgson et al.

Numerous studies over several decades suggest that following the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) can reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease and cancer, and improve cognitive health. However, there are inconsistencies among methods used for evaluating and defining the MedDiet. Through a review of the literature, we aimed to quantitatively define the MedDiet by food groups and nutrients. Databases PubMed, MEDLINE, Science Direct, Academic Search Premier and the University of South Australia Library Catalogue were searched. Articles were included if they defined the MedDiet in at least two of the following ways: (1) general descriptive definitions; (2) diet pyramids/numbers of servings of key foods; (3) grams of key foods/food groups; and (4) nutrient and flavonoid content. Quantity of key foods and nutrient content was recorded and the mean was calculated. The MedDiet contained three to nine serves of vegetables, half to two serves of fruit, one to 13 serves of cereals and up to eight serves of olive oil daily. It contained approximately 9300 kJ, 37% as total fat, 18% as monounsaturated and 9% as saturated, and 33 g of fibre per day. Our results provide a defined nutrient content and range of servings for the MedDiet based on past and current literature. More detailed reporting amongst studies could refine the definition further.

Jennifer E. Jennings, C. Brush

P. Nelson, I. Alafuzoff, E. Bigio et al.

N. L. Poff, J. Zimmerman

R. Engle, Stephen W. Tuholski, J. Laughlin et al.

E. Robertson, S. Grace, T. Wallington et al.

K. Govindan, Martin Brandt Jepsen

C. Dhejne, Roy H T van Vlerken, G. Heylens et al.

Rodrigo da Rosa Mesquita, Luiz Carlos Francelino Silva Junior, Fernanda Mayara Santos Santana et al.

Clinical manifestations of COVID-19 are varied in the general population. This study aimed to systematize the literature regarding clinical manifestations of patients with confirmed COVID-19. A systematic review of the literature was conducted. A total of 8070 scientific productions were found in the databases. Among the studies, 184 met the initial inclusion criteria, with a total of 114,046 patients. After complete reading, 32 studies that did not report clinical manifestations were excluded. The 152 publications finally included a total of 41,409 individuals from at least 23 countries and 26 different clinical manifestations were reported. In percentage terms, 6 symptoms had a general prevalence greater than or equal to 25%, namely, fever (58.66%), cough (54.52%), dyspnea (30.82%), malaise (29.75%), fatigue (28.16%) and sputum/secretion (25.33%). Neurological symptoms (20.82%), dermatological manifestations (20.45%), anorexia (20.26%), myalgia (16.9%), sneezing (14.71%), sore throat (14.41%), rhinitis (14.29%), goosebumps (13.49%), headache (12.17%), chest pain (11.49%) and diarrhea (9.59%) were other common symptoms. Only one study reported dermatological manifestations. The least frequent sign/symptom was hemoptysis (1.65%). In studies with more than 100 patients, the 3 main symptoms were fever (57.93%), cough (54.21%), and dyspnea (30.64%). Dermatological manifestations do not appear among the main symptoms. The identification of all clinical manifestations of COVID-19 is essential for an early diagnosis and the adoption of preventive measures.

M. A. Al Dawish, A. Robert, R. Braham et al.

Resego Morakanyane, A. Grace, Philip O'Reilly

F. Becker, K. Axhausen

G. Scutiero, P. Iannone, G. Bernardi et al.

Endometriosis is one of the most common gynaecologic diseases in women of reproductive age. It is characterized by the presence of endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity. The women affected suffer from pelvic pain and infertility. The complex etiology is still unclear and it is based on three main theories: retrograde menstruation, coelomic metaplasia, and induction theory. Genetics and epigenetics also play a role in the development of endometriosis. Recent studies have put the attention on the role of oxidative stress, defined as an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidants, which may be implicated in the pathophysiology of endometriosis causing a general inflammatory response in the peritoneal cavity. Reactive oxygen species are intermediaries produced by normal oxygen metabolism and are inflammatory mediators known to modulate cell proliferation and to have deleterious effects. A systematic review was performed in order to clarify the different roles of oxidative stress and its role in the development of endometriosis. Several issues have been investigated: iron metabolism, oxidative stress markers (in the serum, peritoneal fluid, follicular fluid, peritoneal environment, ovarian cortex, and eutopic and ectopic endometrial tissue), genes involved in oxidative stress, endometriosis-associated infertility, and cancer development.

Mohammad Hossein Arefian

Language teacher education programs can become more reflective, inclusive, collaborative, situated, and inquiry-based. One such professional approach to incorporate these characters can be through personalized language teacher education (PLTE). Due to the importance of using AI and professional learning communities (PLCs) for developing a personalized teacher education, this study explored how AI-enhanced PLCs could be leveraged to create a more responsive, inclusive, and personalized teacher education. Still, a significant gap exists in understanding how AI can be specially integrated into PLCs to create personalized pathways for ELT preservice teachers, mainly in under-resourced contexts. To conduct this exploratory case study, 8 Iranian English language teaching (ELT) pre-service teachers were purposively selected from a teacher education university. Data was collected from group discussion, artifacts, and interviews, and the result of the thematic analysis revealed that AI-enhanced PLCs fostered personalized, reflective, and collaborative development by addressing individual teaching needs and providing innovative strategies. By addressing individual teaching needs and providing innovative instructional strategies, AI facilitated a dynamic learning environment. However, effective integration required overcoming challenges like limited AI literacy and contextual mismatches, highlighting the potential for tailored, impactful education. This study can inform teacher educators, policymakers, administrators, and teachers to integrate AI into their PLCs to develop a PLTE.

A. Marques, A. S. Santo, A. A. Berssaneti et al.

The present study aimed to update the literature review on the prevalence of fibromyalgia published in 2006. A bibliographical survey was carried out from 2005 to 2014 in the MEDLINE, Web of Science, Embase, LILACS and SciELO databases and 3274 records were identified. Five researchers selected the studies, following the inclusion criteria: studies that obtained the prevalence of fibromyalgia. Fibromyalgia studies in associated diseases were excluded. When screening by title and abstract, 2073 irrelevant articles were excluded. The full texts of 210 articles were evaluated for eligibility and this review included 39 studies, described in 41 articles. The selected studies were grouped into four categories: (A) prevalence of fibromyalgia in the general population; (B) prevalence of fibromyalgia in women; (C) prevalence of fibromyalgia in rural and urban areas; (D) prevalence of fibromyalgia in special populations. The literature shows values of fibromyalgia prevalence in the general population between 0.2 and 6.6%, in women between 2.4 and 6.8%, in urban areas between 0.7 and 11.4%, in rural areas between 0.1 and 5.2%, and in special populations values between 0.6 and 15%. This literature review update shows a significant increase in fibromyalgia prevalence studies in the world. The new 2010 American College of Rheumatology criteria have not been widely used yet and the COPCORD (Community-oriented program for control of Rheumatic Diseases) methodology has increased the quality of studies on the prevalence of rheumatic diseases in general.

Alena Podviazkina

Валерия Старостина

В статье представлен анализ необычных вакансий, появившихся на рынке труда с 2023 года. Особое внимание уделено изменениям в экономике, в индустриях, в социокультурной среде, которые повлекли за собой появление новых вакансий. Все закономерности детально рассмотрены по блокам: дефицит кадров, технологическая трансформация, развитие well-ness и well-being культур, новый уровень персонализированного сервиса и нишевизация. Присутствует анализ каждого блока, рассмотрены вакансии, которые появились исходя из описанных изменений. Выводы базируются из проделанного анализа всех закономерностей и заключается в том, что текущая ситуация на рынке труда результат экономических, индустриальных и социокультурных изменений, которые влекут за собой использование креативных стратегий для привлечения сотрудников.

Riccioni, Stefano, Penoni, Francesca, Spampinato, Beatrice

This article presents the project Observing South Caucasus’ Historical Landscape: An Open Photo Archive, whose strategic objectives are to collect, digitise, and catalogue a collection of photographs documenting the cultural heritage of the South Caucasus. The preservation and valorisation actions are targeted at three different facets of this heritage: (1) the tangible photographic collection (i.e. the photographic object itself); (2) the intangible historical layers (evolution of site ownership, historical stratification, and corresponding toponymy); (3) the tangible architectural and natural heritage of historical Armenia and Georgia.