Hasil untuk "Industry"

Sharon Paoli Bias Ramos, Gabriel Rodrigues Martins de Freitas, Silvana Teresa Lacerda Jales

Objetivo: analisar o perfil pós-consumo dos medicamentos descartados pela comunidade universitária no coletor disponibilizado no Centro de Ciências da Saúde da Universidade Federal da Paraíba. Métodos: O projeto de extensão Descarta CIM instalou um coletor no Centro de Informações sobre Medicamentos - CIM do Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas e promoveu campanhas educativas em outros centros de ensino do Campus I. A partir disso, foi feita a pesagem e catalogação dos medicamentos descartados durante um período de 6 meses, seguida de análise detalhada do tipo de medicamento, categoria regulatória, classificação ATC (Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical), forma farmacêutica, tipo de embalagem e prazo de validade. Resultados: Os dados encontrados indicam que os medicamentos genéricos representam 42,5% do volume descartado, seguidos por medicamentos de referência (35,7%) e similares (21,7%). A análise da classificação ATC revela uma prevalência de medicamentos relacionados ao sistema digestivo e metabolismo, seguidos por sistema cardiovascular, sistema nervoso e músculo-esquelético. Observa-se uma alta porcentagem de medicamentos fora do prazo de validade (72,8%), levantando questões sobre a prática de automedicação e a necessidade de conscientização sobre o uso racional de medicamentos. Conclusão: O estudo demonstra algumas limitações, sobretudo quando não se pode determinar com exatidão se todos os medicamentos descartados foram efetivamente utilizados pela comunidade universitária. Contudo, a análise demonstrou que a promoção de campanhas educativas e a presença de coletores incentivam o descarte adequado de medicamentos e estimulam uma mudança de comportamento e a prática de ações de proteção ambiental.  

Paolo Magaudda

This paper examines the emergence of the ‘gravel bike’, a new and successful category of sports bicycles that gained prominence in the global cycling industry in the late 2010s, to advance the understanding of the role of users in the processes of sociotechnical innovation. The study traces the development of gravel cycling and the gravel bike within the framework of science and technology studies (STS), introducing the concept of ‘user betrayal’ to highlight how innovations initially driven by users can later diverge from their original values and needs. The development of the gravel bike represents a case where users’ input played a crucial role in creating an alternative cycling culture that directly supported the introduction of a new, successful bicycle model. However, the commercialization and institutionalization of gravel cycling, driven by industries, institutions and sporting bodies, has led to a significant shift away from the values that motivated early enthusiasts. This case reveals the tensions between user-driven innovation and the forces of commodification, emphasizing how marketing and institutional pressures can undermine the original needs and ideals of user collectives.

Min Liu, Yuanyuan Li, Zhilin Deng et al.

Abstract Mutation in genes involved in DNA replication continuously disrupt DNA replication and give rise to genomic instability, a critical driver of oncogenesis. To prevent leukemia, immature T lymphocytes with genomic instability often undergo rapid cell death during development. However, the mechanism by which immature T lymphocytes undergo rapid cell death upon genomic instability has been enigmatic. Here we show that zebrafish mcm5 mutation leads to DNA damage in immature T lymphocytes and the immature T cells sensitively undergo rapid cell death. Detailed analyses demonstrated that the immature T lymphocytes undergo rapid apoptosis via upregulation of tp53 and downregulation of bcl2 transcription in mcm5 mutants. Mechanistically, Mcm5 directly binds to Stat1a and facilitates its phosphorylation to enhance bcl2a expression under the conditions of DNA replication stress. However, in mcm5 mutants, the absence of the Mcm5-Stat1 complex decreases Stat1 phosphorylation and subsequent bcl2a transcription, accelerating apoptosis of immature T lymphocytes with genomic instability. Furthermore, our study shows that the role of Mcm5 in T-cell development is conserved in mice. In conclusion, our work identifies a role of Mcm5 in regulating T cell development via Stat1-Bcl2 cascade besides its role in DNA replication, providing a kind of mechanism by which immature T cells with gene mutation-induced DNA damage are rapidly cleared during T lymphocyte development.

C. J. Horwell, S. Ravenhall, R. Clarkson et al.

Abstract Volcanic eruptions produce plumes of ash, gas and aerosols that present a risk to aviation at all standard flight levels. Here, we investigate atmospheric dispersal of volcanic emissions, whether and how they infiltrate aircraft, and whether ground-level public health exposure thresholds can be related to the pressurised cabin environment. We then review the limited evidence for physical and mental health, and behavioural impacts, resulting from volcanic emissions entering aircraft. Serious health risks are considered low for healthy individuals, but respiratory irritation is likely for a high exposure scenario to sulfur dioxide (SO2). Asthmatics are particularly sensitive to SO2, with even relatively low, short exposures, potentially resulting in severe respiratory impacts. Negative group behaviours are not expected but individual distress is possible. Communicating this evidence to the aviation industry may result in more informed decision-making on flightpath alterations and triggering of emergency protocols, both before and during volcanic emission encounters.

Jazmín Vanessa Pérez-Pazos, Deimer Fuentes-Cassiani, Sol-Mara Regino et al.

The production of high-quality cassava planting material is a key strategy for mitigating the spread of pests and diseases. To promote the adoption of such strategies by farmers, it is essential to strengthen local capacities through knowledge transfer and the incorporation of innovative technologies, such as tunnels for rapid propagation (TxRPs), which have been successfully implemented in various international contexts. This study appraised the performance of four industrial cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) varieties—Corpoica Tai, Corpoica Belloti, Corpoica Ropain, and Corpoica Sinuana—under tunnel conditions at two locations on the Caribbean coast of Colombia. Planting material consisted of mini-cuttings (7–9 months old) with three buds. Five successive harvest cycles were assessed by measuring key growth parameters, including plant height, leaf number, SPAD (Soil Plant Analysis Development) chlorophyll index, leaf area, and biomass (dry weight and nutrient content). Environmental conditions within the tunnels, such as temperature and humidity, were regulated to promote rapid sprouting and accelerated growth of the cuttings. However, sprouting, vigor, and overall growth performance varied by variety. All four cassava varieties produced high-quality cuttings (>20 mm in diameter and >6 leaves), suitable for further seedling propagation. Cutting vigor increased across cycles, with productivity rising from over 60 cuttings/m² in the first cycle to more than 180 cuttings/m² by the fifth. Substrate mixtures enhanced both physical and chemical soil properties, depending on the source (CRT or CBL). The addition of coco peat or sand effectively minimized environmental impacts by preventing substrate compaction. The findings demonstrate the potential of tunnel-based systems to accelerate the production of high-quality cassava planting material, supporting improved productivity and sustainability in cassava cultivation for both farmers and industry stakeholders.

Tom Cernev, Richard Fenner

With 2030 quickly approaching and hence the end of the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) timeline, it is necessary to start the conversation as to what the post-2030 international development goals, that will take over from the SDGs, will look like. Building on the experiences of implementing the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and SDGs, there is the possibility of making the post-2030 goals the most efficient and successful to date. This perspective explores the lessons that have been learnt from the MDGs and SDGs, and together with a consideration of emerging global trends develops proposals for post-2030 goals and targets. In total seven goals are suggested: (1) Operate within planetary boundaries (2) Create growth within resource limits (3) Provide access to basic services for all (4) Eliminate poverty and hunger (5) Reduce inequality (6) Deliver good health and education for all (7) Build strong institutions and international partnerships. The goals are categorised as being: (i) Environmental and Economic (ii) Physical Assets (iii) Social, and (iv) Collaboration. System interdependencies and possible causal connections between the proposed post-2030 goals are also explored. A novel approach of five yearly assessments of the risks involved if the targets are not met, together with suggestions for corrective action is discussed, which will help inform governments and decision makers of the urgent actions needed. To avoid a disruptive future, careful formulation of the post SDG period beyond 2030 is urgently needed to provide a fair and consistent framework to hold both government and industry to account at local, national, and international levels. This will require the strengthening of existing international institutions and strategies for the financing of development.

Soraya Araujo, Andrea Bento, Carolina Cohen

Introdução Este estudo analisou a participação social nas consultas públicas promovidas pela CONITEC (Comissão Nacional de Incorporação de Tecnologias no Sistema Único de Saúde) com o objetivo de promover a equidade no acesso a tecnologias em saúde. A pesquisa, realizada por meio de um formulário eletrônico durante junho e julho de 2023, buscou compreender a percepção da sociedade sobre as consultas públicas da CONITEC e propor melhorias na metodologia de Avaliação de Tecnologias em Saúde (ATS). Métodos Foram coletadas respostas de 650 participantes por meio de um questionário eletrônico. Os dados incluíram informações demográficas, níveis de conhecimento sobre a CONITEC e ATS, percepções sobre o impacto das ATS na qualidade da assistência no SUS, viabilidade da participação pública, confiança nas decisões governamentais e a importância da participação da população na formulação de políticas de saúde. Resultados A pesquisa revelou que a maioria dos respondentes estava na faixa etária de 26 a 45 anos, com predomínio de mulheres (69,2%). Cerca de 47,7% dos participantes não trabalhavam na área de saúde, enquanto 52,3% estavam envolvidos de alguma forma, com destaque para aqueles que trabalhavam em estabelecimentos de saúde (26,2%). A maioria dos entrevistados (64,6%) conhecia a CONITEC e seu papel na saúde pública, mas apenas 58,5% entendiam o que era ATS. A maioria acreditava que as ATS impactavam positivamente a qualidade da assistência no SUS (75,5%) e que sua participação nas consultas públicas era viável (80%). No entanto, uma parcela significativa (63,1%) não tinha confiança de que o governo utilizava as informações coletadas nas consultas para incorporar novas tecnologias. A participação da população nas políticas de saúde foi considerada importante por 76,9% dos entrevistados, embora apenas 60% tivessem participado de consultas públicas online, possivelmente devido à falta de conhecimento (76,9%) e confiança (15,4%) em sua capacidade de contribuir efetivamente.  Discussão e conclusões Os resultados destacam a necessidade de melhorias nas consultas públicas da CONITEC para aumentar a confiança da população e garantir que suas opiniões sejam consideradas. Uma sugestão apoiada por 67,7% dos participantes foi a criação de formulários específicos para diferentes doenças ou tecnologias. Essas conclusões ressaltam a importância de reformular a metodologia de ATS e promover uma participação efetiva da sociedade na tomada de decisões em saúde.

Wu Taoyang, Liu Jixu, Wu Chunling et al.

Hydrogen internal combustion engines (H2-ICEs) have advantages such as clean combustion and zero carbon emissions, and have become one of the important technical routes for decarbonization in the internal combustion engine industry. In this paper, several key factors affecting the performance and emissions of hydrogen internal combustion engines, such as ignition timing, excess air coefficient, and hydrogen injection timing, were systematically studied on a spark ignition multi-point injection (MPI) hydrogen internal combustion engine bench. The experimental results indicate that the ignition timing controls the combustion phase of hydrogen. Moderate early ignition can improve the brake thermal efficiency (BTE) while having little impact on the NOX emissions. Excess air coefficient(λ) can significantly affect the performance and emissions of H2-ICE. Along with the increase of the λ, the NOX emissions first increases and then continues to decline. When the λ reaching 2.1 or above, near zero emissions of NOX can be achieved. The advance of hydrogen injection timing will slightly increase the peak of cylinder pressure and instantaneous heat release rate. However, overall, the impact of hydrogen injection timing on BTE and NOX emissions is not significant on MPI H2-ICE.

Z. K. Gadzhiev, E. S. Surzhikova, D. D. Evlagina et al.

Aim. Polymorphism is the result of evolutionary processes and is inherited, associated with biodiversity and modified by natural selection and functions to preserve various forms of population. It is economically advantageous to find genes that can be used in breeding in such a way as to increase the fertility of animals in different natural geographical zones, since the adaptive abilities of organisms are complicated. In this regard, the purpose of this study was to study the genetic potential of sheep of different breeds bred in various ecological and geographical regions of the North Caucasus with pasture-pasture and pasture-stall conditions of sheep breeding.Material and Methods. Genotyping was undertaken of sheep of different breeds contained in various natural and climatic zones of the Republic of Dagestan and the most arid region of Stavropol Territory in the zone of risky agriculture where the climate is sharply continental. Genotyping in the loci of the genes of differential growth factor (GDF9) and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP15) was carried out by PCR-PDRF (polymorphism of the lengths of restriction fragments) by cutting DNA using endonuclease restriction and further analysis of the size of the resulting PCR fragments. The genetic structure of genes has been studied by methods of genetic and statistical analysis of the data obtained.Conclusion. The genetic structure of sheep populations of different breeds bred in the foothills of the Republic of Dagestan and the arid region of Stavropol Territory was studied for the first time. Information obtained on the role of the degree of genetic variability of sheep of different breeds provides data which can contribute to the ecological well-being of herds and the status characterising the signs of multiple birth rates is also determined. This will further improve and significantly accelerate breeding work with livestock, since an important task of further increasing the efficiency of the industry is the reproduction of the herd together with a simultaneous increase in the productivity of animals.

Lijuan LI, Beibei ZHANG, Zhaoda SUN

Under the background of the comprehensive implementation of the National Carbon Peak Carbon Neutralization Action, the superhard material industry energy consumption research was carried out. It aims to promote the superhard material industry to make new contributions to the green, low-carbon and high-quality development of the country. The energy consumption data of superhard material and product enterprises were summarized and analyzed, and the energy consumption of typical products in the inorganic non-metallic field was compared. The results show that from 2019 to 2021, the energy consumption per unit of gross industrial output value of superhard materials is 0.11, 0.10, and 0.08 tce/10 000¥; and that the energy consumption per unit of gross industrial output value of superhard materials products is 0.08, 0.07 and 0.05 tce/10 000¥ respectively. The reduction rate of energy consumption in superhard materials industry is far greater than the reduction percentage of national GDP energy consumption index. Compared with the typical products in the inorganic non-metallic field such as cement, ceramics and ordinary abrasives, the energy consumption in the superhard material industry is at a lower level. Finally, the paper makes suggestions on superhard industry policies and enterprise carbon reduction.

Oumayma Arbani, Mariette F. Ducatez, Salma Mahmoudi et al.

Avian influenza viruses pose significant threats to both the poultry industry and public health worldwide. Among them, the H9N2 subtype has gained substantial attention due to its high prevalence, especially in Asia, the Middle East, and Africa; its ability to reassort with other influenza viruses; and its potential to infect humans. This study presents a comprehensive phylogenetic and molecular analysis of H9N2 avian influenza viruses circulating in Morocco from 2021 to 2023. Through an active epidemiological survey, a total of 1140 samples (trachea and lungs) and oropharyngeal swabs pooled into 283 pools, collected from 205 farms located in 7 regions of Morocco known for having a high density of poultry farms, were analyzed. Various poultry farms were investigated (159 broiler farms, 24 layer farms, 10 breeder farms, and 12 turkey breeder farms). A total of 21 AI H9N2 strains were isolated, and in order to understand the molecular evolution of the H9N2 avian influenza virus, their genetic sequences were determined using the Sanger sequencing technique. Phylogenetic analysis was performed using a dataset comprising global H9N2 sequences to determine the genetic relatedness and evolutionary dynamics of the Moroccan strains. The results revealed the continued circulation and diversification of H9N2 avian influenza viruses in Morocco during the study period. Real-time RT-PCR showed a positivity rate of 35.6% (73/205), with cycle threshold values ranging from 19.2 to 34.9. The phylogenetic analysis indicated that all Moroccan strains belonged to a G1-like lineage and regrouped into two distinct clusters. Our newly detected isolates aggregated distinctly from the genotypes previously isolated in Morocco, North and West Africa, and the Middle East. This indicats the potential of virus evolution resulting from both national circulation and cross-border transmission. A high genetic diversity at both nucleotide and amino-acid levels was observed among all the strains isolated in this study, as compared to H9N2 strains isolated in Morocco since 2016, which suggests the co-circulation of genetically diverse H9N2 variants. Newly discovered mutations were detected in hemagglutinin positions 226, 227, and 193 (H3 numbering), which highlights the genetic evolution of the H9N2 AIVs. These findings contribute to our understanding of the evolution and epidemiology of H9N2 in the region and provide valuable insights for the development of effective prevention and control strategies against this emerging avian influenza subtype.

Sarah Fruehwirth, Sandra Egger, Thomas Flecker et al.

Margarine contains a minimum of 80% fat and is therefore prone to lipid oxidation. While lipid oxidation in vegetable oils and <i>o</i>/<i>w</i> emulsions has been thoroughly investigated, studies about the oxidative stability and the identification of potential indicators of lipid oxidation in margarine are scarce. To evaluate the oxidative stability and to indicate the progress of lipid oxidation, four different types of industrial margarine (M1–M4), which differed in their composition of the minor ingredients and the oil phase, were stored at 15 °C for 180 days and analyzed at days 0, 1, 7, 14, 28, 56, 99, and 180 regarding peroxides, conjugated dienes, oxidized triacylglycerols, and volatiles. The peroxide value and the conjugated dienes increased up to 4.76 ± 0.92 meq O₂/kg oil and 14.7 ± 0.49 in M2, respectively. The oxidative stability decreased by a maximum of 50.9% in M4. We detected three different epoxidized triglycerides—TAG54:1 (O), TAG54:2 (O) and TAG54:3 (O)—in M3. Acetone could be identified, for the first time, as lipid oxidation product in stored margarine by headspace-solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS). It increased in all types of margarine during storage by a maximum of 1070 ppb in M2. Acetone might be used as a new indicator for lipid oxidation in margarine.

Klaus Berger , Christiane Eberhardt

805,800 persons were recoded as being interested in entering training in Germany in 2017. Of these, just under 65 percent progressed to vocational education and training (VET) within the dual system. A total of two thirds of those in employment in Germany have completed dual VET (Federal Institute for Vocational Education and Training 2018). The fact that more than half of school leavers opt for vocational education and training as part of their educational pathway (Federal Institute for Vocational Education and Training 2015) is also a consequence of the high (average) quality of training and of the resultant good prospects of employment. Soskice (1994) argues that one of the important prerequisites for the high level of training quality is the cooperation that takes place between the competent bodies (mostly chambers of crafts, chambers of commerce and industry) on the one side and the works councils and trade unions on the other. This context is widely taken as a given within the relevant literature, especially in the case of the works councils, which are accorded extensive information and participation rights for the purpose of securing quality of training at the company within the scope of the German Labour Management Relations Act (§§ 96–98 Labour Management Relations Act / Betriebsverfassungsgesetz, BetrVG). However, what are the determining factors for a high quality of apprenticeship training? The focuses of this paper are the issue of the understanding of apprenticeship training quality developed by works councils at small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and the way they contribute at company level with regard to apprenticeship training matters.

Gorjanc Dunja Šajn, Bras Ana, Novak Boštjan

Nonwovens represent a part of technical textiles that are used for clothing (“cloth tech”). Nonwovens are also used in the footwear industry mainly for functional purposes, where the aesthetic properties are not of great importance. They are mainly used for support and reinforcement of footwear. All three groups of textiles are used for footwear, i.e. woven fabrics, knitted fabrics and nonwovens that are produced directly from fibres, yarns or threads mainly from chemical fibres and in a small proportion from natural fibres.

I. G. Dokuchaeva

The evacuation of industrial enterprises, educational institutions, and millions of Soviet citizens during the Great Patriotic War is a tragic page in the history of Russia. This complex operation involved the evacuation and placement of hundreds of schools and factory training institutions in the rear areas of the country. The article describes the scale and complexity of the restoration of the work of educational institutions of Labor Reserves in the conditions of Western Siberia at the initial stage of the war. It includes an analysis of the restructuring process of Labor Reserve schools. The author evaluates the importance of mobilization measures taken to attract young people to accelerated vocational training. The paper also features the problem of the relationship between the management of the Labor Re-serves and the industrial and transport enterprises where students had to do practical training and got employed after graduation. The research offers a comparative statistics of growth in the number of educational institutions and stu-dents.

Chunyu Ding, Yan Su, Shuguo Xing et al.

In the process of lunar exploration, and specifically when studying lunar surface structure and thickness, the established lunar regolith model is usually a uniform and ideal structural model, which is not well-suited to describe the real structure of the lunar regolith layer. The present study aims to explain the geological structural information contained in the channel 2 LPR (lunar penetrating radar) data. In this paper, the random medium theory and Apollo drilling core data are used to construct a modeling method based on discrete heterogeneous random media, and the simulation data are processed and collected by the electromagnetic numerical method FDTD (finite-difference time domain). When comparing the LPR data with the simulated data, the heterogeneous random medium model is more consistent with the actual distribution of the media in the lunar regolith layer. It is indicated that the interior structure of the lunar regolith layer at the landing site is not a pure lunar regolith medium but rather a regolith-rock mixture, with rocks of different sizes and shapes. Finally, several reasons are given to explain the formation of the geological structures of the lunar regolith layer at the Chang’E 3 landing site, as well as the possible geological stratification structure.

Mohammed M. Salman, Jamal S. Abdul-Ameer, Lubna M. Abd

Concrete wastes are generally delivered to the landfill sites for disposal. Due to increase charges of landfill and shortage of natural coarse aggregate (NA), recycled coarse aggregate (RA) (resulting from concrete wastes) is growing interest in Building Engineering. It is sustainable to use recycled construction materials to preserve the natural resources and maintain the environmental of cities. In the present study, RA was used as a full replacement of NA in some specimens of beams to produce normal concrete (NC). The experimental work consists of casting and testing eight rectangular simply supported reinforced concrete beams of (1200*180*250) mm with concentric point load as well as tests for control specimens to determine the mechanical properties of NC. Four of each eight beams for flexural and the other four beams for shear behavior. The present research also includes the following main variables: transverse reinforcement (stirrups spacing, 50 mm and 100 mm), coarse aggregate (RA and NA) and steel fibers of (Vf = 0.5%). All beams have constant longitudinal steel reinforcement ratio=0.008. Experimental results have generally showed that ultimate loads (Pu) of beams made with RA are approximately close to the results of beams made with NA by percentages (6.2% and 10.1%) for flexural and shear behavior respectively. RA can be used as a full replacement in the future construction industry. The presence of steel fibers increases the maximum deflection of beams by 38.55% for flexural and 31.70% for shear  

Ernst Berg, Ray Huffaker

We investigated the economic dynamics of the German hog-price cycle with an innovative &lsquo;diagnostic&rsquo; modeling approach. Hog-price cycles are conventionally modeled stochastically&mdash;most recently as randomly-shifting sinusoidal oscillations. Alternatively, we applied Nonlinear Time Series analysis to empirically reconstruct a deterministic, low-dimensional, and nonlinear attractor from observed hog prices. We next formulated a structural (explanatory) model of the pork industry to synthesize the empirical hog-price attractor. Model simulations demonstrate that low price-elasticity of demand contributes to aperiodic price cycling &ndash; a well know result &ndash; and further reveal two other important driving factors: investment irreversibility (caused by high specificity of technology), and liquidity-driven investment behavior of German farmers.

Ertl Peter, Rohde Bernhard

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Analysis and visualization of large collections of molecules is one of the most frequent challenges cheminformatics experts in pharmaceutical industry are facing. Various sophisticated methods are available to perform this task, including clustering, dimensionality reduction or scaffold frequency analysis. In any case, however, viewing and analyzing large tables with molecular structures is necessary. We present a new visualization technique, providing basic information about the composition of molecular data sets at a single glance.</p> <p>Summary</p> <p>A method is presented here allowing visual representation of the most common structural features of chemical databases in a form of a cloud diagram. The frequency of molecules containing particular substructure is indicated by the size of respective structural image. The method is useful to quickly perceive the most prominent structural features present in the data set. This approach was inspired by popular word cloud diagrams that are used to visualize textual information in a compact form. Therefore we call this approach “Molecule Cloud”. The method also supports visualization of additional information, for example biological activity of molecules containing this scaffold or the protein target class typical for particular scaffolds, by color coding. Detailed description of the algorithm is provided, allowing easy implementation of the method by any cheminformatics toolkit. The layout algorithm is available as open source Java code.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Visualization of large molecular data sets using the Molecule Cloud approach allows scientists to get information about the composition of molecular databases and their most frequent structural features easily. The method may be used in the areas where analysis of large molecular collections is needed, for example processing of high throughput screening results, virtual screening or compound purchasing. Several example visualizations of large data sets, including PubChem, ChEMBL and ZINC databases using the Molecule Cloud diagrams are provided.</p>

Benjamín A. ROJANO, Carlos A. GAVIRIA, Jairo A. SÁEZ

The antioxidant activity (Φ) is defined as the slope of the simple linear regression of φ0/φi against the concentration μM, in an inhibition model of lipid peroxidation of butter at 60° C, where φi is the concentration effect of isoespintanol and φ0 is the control. It is found that the formation of: hydroperoxides (peroxide value of PV) and the most oxidized species reactive to thiobarbituric acid (TBARS), were similarly delayed by isoespintanol (ΦTBARS = 9.46x10-5 ± 1.33x10-5 and ΦPV = 9.41x10-5 ± 1.62x10-5). Likewise, the butilhidroxy toluene and isoespintanol inhibit the oxidative process of butter in a 28.0 and 23.3% at concentrations of 2380.9 and 3809.5 μ M respectively.