Hasil untuk "Industrial directories"

Ntombenhle Mtikitiki, Benett Siyabonga Madonsela, Thabang Maphanga et al.

The quality of education is significantly influenced by occupational health and safety (OHS) measures. To this end, a safety incident at a university could have far-reaching negative effects on facilitating teaching and learning for both lecturers and students. Although OHS standards are widely established in numerous industries, they are often overlooked in the academic setting. It is for this reason that, to date, research gap exists in OHS systems in academic settings. While universities primarily focus on education, they also pose significant health and safety risks to staff and students due to their design and setup. Effective implementation of an occupational health and safety management system (OHSMS) within universities can mitigate these risks. However, there is a notable lack of research focusing on the efficiency of OHSMS in South African universities. This study, therefore, aimed to fill this gap by assessing the efficiency of the OHSMS at a South African university. Data were collected using in-depth interviews, observations, and document analysis qualitative research methods. Data analysis was carried out using the thematic analysis approach. Inductive logic was used in the interpretation of the current study results. This study highlights that while there is strong awareness of the OHS Act 85 of 1993 (>90%) among university staff, significant gaps exist in the communication and enforcement (5%) of OHS policy, alongside the poor communication of hazards and risks (30%). Amongst other challenges are infrastructure maintenance (>35%), as well as the lack of standard operation procedures (>5%). To address some of these setbacks, the current study recommends enhancing policy communication, conducting regular hazard assessments, increasing training participation, and improving documentation practices. These steps aim to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the university’s OHSMS, ensuring a safer environment for all stakeholders.

Arie Arizandi Kurnianto, Faten Amer, Muhammad Zaky Amiyoso et al.

Introduction: Occupational health and safety are important for professionals managing an organization’s workplace accident insurance efforts because their work influences productivity. Therefore, this study will compare the associated health and burnout related to work in case managers and administrators. Methods: A longitudinal design was adopted. This study used year-over-year surveys of 158 employee professionals with 79 case managers and 79 administrators over a two-year time frame. They measured occupational health with the questionnaires Work Ability Index (WAI) and Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI). Occupational health was subsequently studied using linear regression and mixed-effects models. Results: Case managers tend to have higher work ability (mean WAI score: 45.08), but they suffer from more personal burnout (mean PB score: 33.0), presumably because they work directly with injured workers. In contrast, administrators are experiencing lower but more stable levels in their work ability (mean WAI score: 37.78) and with higher levels of client-related burnout (mean CRB score: 53.0). Further, work ability deteriorates as age increases, especially among case managers, and is negatively associated with high BMI, low sleep and long sick leave. Employees with a BMI > 30 had 12% lower WAI scores (p<0.01), and those sleeping < 6 hours per night had 15% lower work ability index. Conclusion: This study emphasizes the need for targeted interventions to alleviate occupational burnout and improve work ability, particularly through occupation-specific workplace interventions. The study also suggests that implementing stress management programs, health promotion initiatives, and workflow optimizations may improve occupational health outcomes.

Akizumi Tsutsumi, Keiichi Matsuzaki, Reiko Inoue et al.

Objectives: We aimed to examine the prospective association between stress profile as defined using the Stress Check Program manual and long-term sickness absence among a working population with various backgrounds. Methods: We analyzed 1,741 participants who participated in two online surveys in December 2023 and October 2024. In the first survey, we asked participants to complete the Brief Job Stress Questionnaire and evaluated their stress profile using the Japanese Stress Check Program manual. In the second survey, we asked participants if they had experienced sickness absence for 1 month or longer between the first and second surveys. We then examined the association between stress status in the first survey and experience of sickness absence during the waves. We calculated the odds ratio after adjusting for gender, age, marital status, educational attainment, household income, employment contract, average working hours per week, occupation, and industrial sector. To estimate the impact of high stress on sickness absence, we calculated the population attributable risk for high stress. Results: After adjusting for confounding factors, we found that high stress was associated with sickness absence, with an odds ratio of 3.54 (95% confidence interval, 2.05–6.12). The corresponding population attributable risk for high stress was 21.4%. Conclusions: The observed prospective association between high stress (as defined using the Stress Check Program manual) and long-term sickness absence among a working population from a wide range of occupations and industries provides evidence supporting the usability of the index in occupational health practice.

Mohammad Yazdi

This study aims to address the limitations of traditional Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) in managing safety and reliability within complex systems characterized by interdependent critical factors. We propose an integrated framework that combines FMEA with the strategic decision-making principles of Game Theory, thereby enhancing the assessment and mitigation of risks in intricate environments. The novel inclusion of the Best Worst Method (BWM) and Pythagorean fuzzy uncertain linguistic variables refines the accuracy of risk evaluation by overcoming the inherent deficiencies of conventional FMEA approaches. Through sensitivity analysis, the framework’s efficacy in identifying and prioritizing failure modes is empirically validated, guiding the development of targeted interventions. The practical application of our methodology is demonstrated in a comprehensive healthcare system analysis, showcasing its versatility and significant potential to improve operational safety and reliability across various sectors. This research is particularly beneficial for systems engineers, risk managers, and decision-makers seeking to fortify complex systems against failures and their effects.

Ndaleni Phinias Rantsatsi, Innocent Musonda, Justus Agumba

Fatalities, injuries, and illnesses continue to occur in the construction industry (CI), despite efforts made by clients, designers, and contractors. The lack of collaboration between these project actors and construction health and safety agents (CHSA) remains a challenge for both construction professionals and academics. Given the urgent need for CHSA to collaborate with other construction project members, this study proposes a model for improving CHSA collaboration and its influence on health and safety (H&S) performance. The exploratory sequential mixed method, which included a Delphi study and a questionnaire survey, was adopted. H&S experts were purposively sampled. A three-round Delphi study was conducted to identify the factors, and these factors were categorized into 9 main factors developed from a review of the literature and the input of 15 H&S experts, 14 of whom completed all 3 iterations. Stratified sampling was used to gather quantitative data. A total of 257 questionnaires were returned, of which 213 responses were usable for analysis. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26 was conducted and resulted in 6 main factors. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) of structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to establish the validity and reliability of constructs, and finally, path analysis in EQS version 6.4 was used to analyze the results of the questionnaire survey and evaluate the goodness of model fit. The findings were that mutuality, trust, institutional support, project context, and common purpose contribute to CHSA collaboration. Additionally, the influence of project context, common purpose, and CHSA collaboration on H&S performance were found to be statistically significant. The study’s implication is that in order to improve H&S performance, clients, designers, and contractors may not limit the participation of CHSA on the project. The implication for the CI is that by promoting CHSA collaboration, the likelihood of CHSA influence could increase and H&S performance could improve on construction projects. The study revealed that collaboration should be considered for improving H&S performance. The study is limited to respondents who met the selection criteria to participate in the Delphi study and questionnaire survey. Any registered persons who did not receive regular communication and announcements would have not participated. Despite the requirements of the South Africa Construction Regulations 2014 that CHSA should be part of the construction project team, more studies should be conducted to investigate the CHSA level of involvement on the project.

Sisca Mayang Phuspa, Umi Cahyantari, Hikmawani Anas

Introduction: The findings of a systematic review indicate that only a quantitative or qualitative approach was used in studies about the anxiety of health professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic. Research that aims to examine the level of anxiety experienced by Indonesian health workers during the COVID-19 pandemic, the signs and their causes will fill the scientific gap. Methods: A sequential explanatory design was used in this study. In the quantitative phase, the COVID-19 Anxiety Scale instrument was used to perform a survey on 731 healthcare workers, which was then descriptively examined. To further support its findings, 30 informants were involved to in-depth interviews, and qualitative content analysis was performed. Results: According to the poll, 15% of healthcare workers reported having high anxiety, 61% had moderate, 19% had low, and 5% had no anxiety at all. According to a qualitative content analysis, the signs of anxiety included overthinking, psychosomatic complaints, and worry about exposed to and transmit the virus at work. This is a result of managerial issues with managing pandemic, social changes, adjustments in interpersonal connection patterns, an unfriendly society, a large number of health workers who suffer with COVID-19, as well as personal variables. Conclusion: Preventive action for future health crisis situations is to improve systemic physical and non-physical preparedness in healthcare institutions. Psychosocial training programs such as cognitive coping and stress adaptation need to be carried out to improve the mental health condition of health workers so they don't ‘collapse' when dealing crisis situations.

Rosemary Seva, Imanuel Luir del Rosario, Lorenzo Miguel Peñafiel et al.

The movement of a motorcycle is one of the critical factors that influences the stability of the ride. It has been established that the gait patterns of drunk and sober people are distinct. However, drunk motorcycle (MC) drivers’ balance has not been investigated as a predictor of intoxication. This paper characterized and used MC and head movements, such as pitch and roll, to predict intoxication while riding. Two separate experiments were conducted to monitor MC and head movement. Male participants were recruited between the ages of 23 and 50 to participate in the study. Participants used alcohol intoxication goggles (AIG) to simulate blood alcohol content (BAC) while driving on a straight path. Placebo goggles were used for control. Results showed that pitch and roll amplitudes of the MC could distinguish drivers wearing placebo and AIGs, as well as the pitch and roll frequency of the head. Deep learning can be used to predict the intoxication of MC riders. The predictive accuracy of the algorithm shows a viable opportunity for the use of movement to monitor drunk riders on the road.

Erwanda Desire Budiman, Muhammad Ilyas

Introduction: Naphthalene is a chemical exposure found in various industries, including in the manufacture of phthalic anhydride, synthetic resins, lubricants, mothballs, and used as fuel additives. The exposure to naphthalene in humans has several detrimental health effects such as hemolytic anemia, kidney and liver disorders. Therefore, biological monitoring is needed as a health surveillance of naphthalene exposure. Generally, the biomonitoring examination carried out for this is naphthol in the blood. However, 1,2-dihydroxynaphthalene (1,2-DHN) is also known to be another major metabolite. Therefore, this literature review aims to determine whether 1,2-DHN can also be a reliable biomonitoring test on occupational exposure to naphthalene. Methods: PubMed, Proquest, and Google Scholar were used to conduct article searches. The articles were chosen based on predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The selected articles were then critically appraised. Results: Four cross-sectional articles examining 1,2-DHN in the urine of naphthalene-exposed workers were selected and reviewed. There was a similar result from all selected articles that elevated levels of 1,2-DHN in the urine, indicating workplace exposure to naphthalene. Moreover, apart from having a strong correlation with 1- and 2-naphthol, 1,2-DHN also has a high sensitivity compared to these established metabolites. Conclusion: Based on the articles obtained, 1,2-DHN can be a reliable biological monitoring for workers exposed to naphthalene. However, further research is still needed on other industries exposed to naphthalene and is needed to ascertain the correlation between external and internal exposure to naphthalene.

A. M. Puzyrev, L. V. Kozyreva

Introduction. Construction is one of the most injury-causing industries. It is connected with a large amount of operating production factors, that are constant or present potentially, which aggravate the high level of professional risks. The need to develop a methodology on the organization and performance of work in the field of labor protection in case of installation and construction works on building sites is proved in the article and by practical organizational activities of the construction entities.Problem Statement. The objective of this study is to develop a methodology for assessing occupational risks for construction companies.Theoretical Part. The paper analyzes dangerous and harmful production factors that affect workers of construction organizations. The emphasis is placed on practical provision of labor protection in construction. At the same time, special attention is paid to the identification of occupational risks, their assessment and management. It is proposed to take into account statistical data on injuries in construction, the content of the construction organization project, work production projects and technological maps for the work carried out in the general assessment of occupational risk in the workplace.Conclusions. The authors propose an effective methodology for assessing occupational risks, taking into account the specifics of construction production.

Maryna Malanchuk, Valerii Krainov, Anatolii Polishchuk

В реаліях сьогодення, а саме в трансформаційних процесах управління оборонними ресурсами спрямованих на процес розвитку спроможностей збройних сил, прийняття управлінських рішень в організаційних системах військового та цивільного управління широко застосовується метод експертного оцінювання. Метод експертного оцінювання покладений в основу роботи комісій з перевірки стану військових і промислових об’єктів, їх рівня готовності і забезпеченості, у тому числі з питань раціонального розподілу ресурсів, використання можливостей економіки, мобілізаційної підготовки тощо. Експертне оцінювання зберігає і на перспективу свою актуальність під час дослідних навчань, перевірки бойової та мобілізаційної готовності і забезпеченості ЗС України, об’єктів і галузей національної економіки та інших державних інституцій, які забезпечують національну безпеку держави й її складових – воєнну та економічну безпеку. За роки застосування механізми експертного оцінювання ретельно відпрацьовані, сформовані вимоги до порядку відбору експертів, їх рівня компетентності, процедур оцінювання, порядку обробки результатів оцінювання та інших заходів. Однак при експертному оцінюванні передбачається, що всі експерти безумовно кваліфіковані, об’єктивні і незаангажовані. А якщо в їх висновках є суб’єктивні похибки, то вони нівелюються за рахунок збільшення числа експертів і повторень процедур експертного оцінювання. У той же час за будь-яких обставин і умов експертного оцінювання зберігається роль ‟людського фактора”, тобто не виключена можливість заангажованості, недоброчесності, корупційності у діях і оцінках експертів. Особливо такі чинники можливі у ході управління великими матеріальними і фінансовими ресурсами, у разі обмеженої кількості експертів. А наслідки вказаних чинників можуть призвести до нераціонального використання матеріальних цінностей, значних збитків, у тому числі в процесі розвитку спроможностей збройних сил, бойової і мобілізаційної готовності. Таким чином, під час застосування експертного оцінювання, особливо у заходах щодо управління розподілом великих матеріальних і фінансових ресурсів, актуальною є проблема достовірної експертизи результатів експертного оцінювання. Така експертиза, бажано, крім достовірності, має бути ще й не громіздкою, не коштовною, а простою і доступною для практичного використання. В даній роботі, на підставі аналізу розроблених в теорії активних систем ‟механізмів розумного управління” пропонується механізм перевірки (експертизи) результатів експертного оцінювання.

El Maani Rabii, Elouardi Soufiane, Radi Bouchaib et al.

The actual use of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) by aerospace companies is the trade-off result between the perceived costs and benefits. Computational costs are restricted to swamp the design process even if the benefits are widely recognized. The need for fast turnaround, counting the setup time, is also crucial. CFD integrates mathematical relations and algorithms to analyze and solve fluid flow problems. CFD analysis of an airfoil produces results such as the lift and drag forces that determine the performance of an airfoil. Thus, optimizing these aerodynamic performances has proved extremely valuable in practice. The aim of this paper is to model a transonic, compressible and turbulent flow over a NACA 0012 airfoil, using a density based implicit solver, for which a comparison and a validation will be made throught the published experimental data. The numerical results show that the predicted aerodynamic coefficients are in a satisfying agreement with experimental data. Then an aerodynamic shape optimization algorithm, based on a multiobjective algorithm that is an extension of the Backtracking Search Algorithm which was initially developed for single-objective optimization problems only, was used in order to obtain an improved performance control of the aerodynamic coefficients of the optimized airfoil.

Emam Tarek

In this paper, we study a nonsmooth semi-infinite multi-objective E-convex programming problem involving support functions. We derive sufficient optimality conditions for the primal problem. We formulate Mond-Weir type dual for the primal problem and establish weak and strong duality theorems under various generalized E-convexity assumptions.

G. Sh. Khazanovich, D. S. Apryshkin

The paper considers the main systems for monitoring elevator equipment condition, their tasks and functionality. The dependence of the degree of elevator load on the number of storeys of the building is considered. The paper provides options for expanding the possibilities of dispatching systems for better safety of elevator structures.

Béda Barkokébas Junior, Eliane Maria Gorga Lago, Ana Rosa Martins et al.

The objective of this work was to investigate on safety and health risks to which tropical agricultural workers are exposed, mainly in relation to heat stress and ergonomic evaluation. In total, five workers from the sugarcane industry were assessed through the Life Quality Questionnaire (SF-36), and four through measuring their body composition, heart rate, hydration status, and ergonomic evaluation. Meteorological data on air temperature, relative humidity and air movement were gathered through a nearby metrological station. The analyzed sugarcane activities were found to be of moderate physical activity, and therefore less consuming than the activity of sugarcane cutters. The work-rest periods were found to be appropriated, without repetitive movements. The workers involved in agricultural activities should always evaluate the thermal environment conditions and appropriate their working activities and stay well hydrated in order to minimize heat stress risk.

Haley Bishop, Logan Boe, Despina Stavrinos et al.

Over the past several decades there has been a surge of research on the contextual, biological, and psychological factors associated with transportation safety in adolescence. However, we know much less about the factors contributing to transportation safety among adolescents who do not follow a typical developmental trajectory. Adolescents with developmental disabilities (DD) such as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) have a wide range of behavioral and psychological deficits that may make the complex task of driving even more challenging. Because these adolescents often retain characteristic symptoms of their disorder into adulthood, it may impede their ability to achieve important milestones during the developmental transition from adolescent to adult. As the motivating force behind autonomous living and employment, the capacity for independent transportation is paramount to an adolescent&rsquo;s overall success. This critical review will draw from the current body of literature on adolescent drivers with developmental disabilities to determine (1) areas of impairment; (2) safety risk factors; and (3) effective interventions for improving driving safety in this vulnerable population of adolescent drivers between the ages of 15&ndash;22. This review will also identify important unanswered research questions, and summarize the current state of the literature.

Kai-Ying Chen, Chih-Feng Yeh

The aim of this study is to explore whether risk perception or anticipated regret is responsible for intensifying the participants’ intention to adopt a tire pressure monitoring system (TPMS) to prevent a tire-related accident, and whether the optimism bias has a moderator effect between risk perception/anticipated regret and intention. With 274 valid questionnaires and PLS-SEM (partial least squares structural equation modeling) analysis, the results indicate a significant positive relationship between risk perception and intention to adopt TPMS, but not between anticipated regret and intention. The moderator effect of optimism bias on risk perception and anticipated regret is not found in the model. The findings will prove useful for public service advertising campaigns by providing a basis for an understanding of the role of cognitive and emotional factors in tire-blowout accident prevention, thereby increasing the motivation for drivers in Taiwan to take advantage of the protection afforded them by using TPMS.

Rasoul YARAHMADI, Mohammad reza VAFA, Parvin MORIDI et al.

Introduction: The success of each company is related to the performance and productivity of its employees. Recent ergonomic research on this case has confirmed the relation of high stress level, weight, and other risk factors with employees' health care costs and absences. The aim of this study was to introduce the economic and productivity results derived from implementing the interventions of nutrition education using the awareness promotion, attitude correction, and behavior of labors approach according to needs of work places at the selected industry. Methods: The intervention group consisted of 104 male employees who worked at the assembly line of automobile industry and received nutrition education using the active and passive methods in a one-month intervention. To measure the effect of intervention, the health indicators of blood pressure, and body mass index, as well as the awareness questionnaire were used as the pretest and posttest measures. Data analysis was conducted using paired sample T-test using the SPSS22. The economic results achieved from the intervention were expressed as the percentage of production increase or the workers' working hours. Results: Based on the research findings, nutrition education had significantly positive effect on low blood pressure (P-value= 0.000), awareness promotion (P-value= 0.004), employee attitude (P-value= 0.003), and healthy nutrition consumption (P-value= 0.037). It also had positive but not significant effect on body mass index (P-value= 0.448). Conclusion: Ergonomic interventions with awareness promotion and attitude style approach had meaningful effect on health promotion and efficiency of labor.

M. N. Khalfin, A. A. Korotkiy, B. F. Ivanov et al.

The article describes the use of hoisting wire devices (HWD) — parallel bunches of wire turns bonded by twisted ends on the outside. The calculation results of the bearing capacity of these HWD, taking into account elastic-plastic loading and safety requirements for their use, in which HWD wires strength assessment was conducted on tensile and bend-conductive stress, showed that the lifetime of the wire device can be increased. The results of the study offer practical guidelines for HWD safe operation.

B. Serpil Acar, Alix M. Edwards, Mostafa Aldah

The largest cause of accidental death and placental abruption in pregnancy is automobile collisions. Lives can be saved by correct use of the three-point seatbelt during pregnancy. Human interaction is essential for correct use of seatbelts. The objective of this study is to investigate pregnant women’s use of correct shoulder section together with correct lap section as advised by obstetricians and highway experts and to identify the most common seatbelt misuse during pregnancy. An international web survey was conducted in five languages for this study. 1931 pregnant women reported their use of seatbelts and how they position the shoulder and lap sections of their seatbelts. Special attention was paid to distinguish between ‘partly correct’ and ‘correct’ seatbelt positioning. The questionnaire responses are used to determine the magnitude of every combination of the correct and incorrect shoulder and lap section of the seatbelt positioning during pregnancy. Results show that seatbelt usage in pregnancy is generally high in the world. However, the correct use of the entire seatbelt is very low, at only 4.3% of all respondents. 40.8% of the respondents use the shoulder portion of the belt correctly, whilst a 13.2% use the lap section correctly. The most common misuse is ‘across abdomen’ or ‘not using the seatbelt at all’, and both pose danger to pregnant women and their fetuses. Correct use of three point seatbelts is a challenge during pregnancy. We recommend that the media, medical community, and automotive industry provide targeted information about correct seatbelt use during pregnancy and accident databases include ‘correct seatbelt use’ information in crash statistics.