Hasil untuk "History America"

Kenneth L. Sokoloff, Stanley L. Engerman

A. Ruiz-Linares, K. Adhikari, V. Acuña-Alonzo et al.

The current genetic makeup of Latin America has been shaped by a history of extensive admixture between Africans, Europeans and Native Americans, a process taking place within the context of extensive geographic and social stratification. We estimated individual ancestry proportions in a sample of 7,342 subjects ascertained in five countries (Brazil, Chile, Colombia, México and Perú). These individuals were also characterized for a range of physical appearance traits and for self-perception of ancestry. The geographic distribution of admixture proportions in this sample reveals extensive population structure, illustrating the continuing impact of demographic history on the genetic diversity of Latin America. Significant ancestry effects were detected for most phenotypes studied. However, ancestry generally explains only a modest proportion of total phenotypic variation. Genetically estimated and self-perceived ancestry correlate significantly, but certain physical attributes have a strong impact on self-perception and bias self-perception of ancestry relative to genetically estimated ancestry.

Alessandra D'Alise, Davide Iacobacci, Francesco Sannino

We show that the epidemiological Renormalization Group (eRG) framework is a useful and minimal tool to effectively describe the temporal evolution of the Dengue multi-wave pandemics. We test the framework on the Dengue history of several countries located in both Latin America and Asia. We also observe a strong correlation between the total number of infected individuals and the changes in the local temperature. Our results further support the expectation that global warming is bound to increase the cases of Dengue worldwide. We then move to investigate, via the eRG, the recent outbreak in Fano, Italy and offer our projections.

Alvaro M. Aparicio-Morales, Enrique Moguel, Luis Mariano Bibbo et al.

Quantum computing represents a revolutionary computational paradigm with the potential to address challenges beyond classical computers' capabilities. The development of robust quantum software is indispensable to unlock the full potential of quantum computing. Like classical software, quantum software is expected to be complex and extensive, needing the establishment of a specialized field known as Quantum Software Engineering. Recognizing the regional focus on Latin America within this special issue, we have boarded on an in-depth inquiry encompassing a systematic mapping study of existing literature and a comprehensive survey of experts in the field. This rigorous research effort aims to illuminate the current landscape of Quantum Software Engineering initiatives undertaken by universities, research institutes, and companies across Latin America. This exhaustive study aims to provide information on the progress, challenges, and opportunities in Quantum Software Engineering in the Latin American context. By promoting a more in-depth understanding of cutting-edge developments in this burgeoning field, our research aims to serve as a potential stimulus to initiate pioneering initiatives and encourage collaborative efforts among Latin American researchers.

R. Marchand, J. Lears

J. H. Mercer

Kétévi A. Assamagan, Johan Sebastian Bonilla, Claudio Dib et al.

We summarize the current status of high energy physics (HEP) in Africa, Latin America, and other developing regions

Moisés Wagner Franciscon

Durante o stalinismo tardio (1945-53), o cinema soviético, como o americano, produziu várias películas veiculando mensagens de interesse governamental. A propaganda soviética transparece em filmes como Zagovor obrechennyh, 1950, apesar (e talvez com maior maestria) do trabalho do diretor Mikhail Kalatozov. Por meio da sócio-história cinematográfica de Marc Ferro pode-se apreciar a construção de um discurso legitimador dos novos regimes socialistas locais, da condução da luta política contra o titoísmo e a passagem do Leste Europeu da influência ocidental (ora inglesa, ora alemã) para a soviética (cumprindo o papel do antigo pêndulo russo), e o fim da experiência democrática liberal, trocada pela da democracia popular, com a derrota do novo rival americano e de seu Plano Marshall na região, substituídos pelo COMECOM.

T. F. Gossett

Valerio Lucarini, Vera Melinda Galfi, Gabriele Messori et al.

Elucidating the statistical properties of extreme meteo-climatic events and capturing the physical processes responsible for their occurrence are key steps for improving our understanding of climate variability and climate change and for better evaluating the associated hazards. It has recently become apparent that large deviation theory is very useful for investigating persistent extreme events, and specifically, for flexibly estimating long return periods and for introducing a notion of dynamical typicality. Using a methodological framework based on large deviation theory and taking advantage of long simulations by a state-of-the-art Earth System Model, we investigate the 2021 North America Heatwave. Indeed, our analysis shows that the 2021 event can be seen as an unlikely but possible manifestation of climate variability, whilst its probability of occurrence is greatly amplified by the ongoing climate change. We also clarify the properties of spatial coherence of the 2021 heatwave and elucidate the role played by the Rocky Mountains in modulating hot, dry, and persistent extreme events in the Western Pacific region of North America.

Himanshu Mavani, Navinder Singh

The way the topic of black-body radiation is presented in standard textbooks (i.e. from Rayleigh-Jeans to Max Planck) does not follow the actual historical timeline of the understanding of the black-body radiation problem. Authors believe that a presentation which follows an actual timeline of the ideas (although not a logical presentation of the field) would be of interest not only from the history of science perspective but also from a pedagogical perspective. Therefore, we attempt a concise history of this very interesting field of science.

G. Matlack

Galina Sinkevich

A short history of Russian researches in Chinese astronomy in 19-20 centuries

Myungjong Kim, Taeyeon Ki, Aviral Anshu et al.

This paper describes the submission to the speaker diarization track of VoxCeleb Speaker Recognition Challenge 2021 done by North America Bixby Lab of Samsung Research America. Our speaker diarization system consists of four main components such as overlap speech detection and speech separation, robust speaker embedding extraction, spectral clustering with fused affinity matrix, and leakage filtering-based postprocessing. We evaluated our system on the VoxConverse dataset and the challenge evaluation set, which contain natural conversations of multiple talkers collected from YouTube. Our system obtained 4.46%, 6.39%, and 6.16% of the diarization error rate on the VoxConverse development, test, and the challenge evaluation set, respectively.

J. Scott

T. Atwater

Wenhao Wang, Jing Meng, Duan Chen et al.

Cross-border Electric Interconnection towards renewables is a promising solution for electric sector under the UN 2030 sustainable development goals which is widely promoted in emerging economies. This paper comprehensively investigates state of art in renewable resources and cross-border electric interconnection in South America. Based on the raw data collected from typical countries, a long-term scenario forecast methodology is applied to estimate key indicators of electric sector in target years, comparing the prospects of active promoting cross-border Interconnections Towards Renewables (ITR) scenario with Business as Usual (BAU) scenario in South America region. Key indicators including peak load, installed capacity, investment, and generation cost are forecasted and comparative analyzed by year 2035 and 2050. The comparative data analysis shows that by promoting cross-border interconnection towards renewables in South America, renewable resources can be highly utilized for energy supply, energy matrix can be optimized balanced, economics can be obviously driven and generation cost can be greatly reduced.

Francisco J. Gutierrez, Yazmin Magallanes, Laura S. Gaytán-Lugo et al.

Computer-Supported Cooperative Work, or simply CSCW, is the research area that studies the design and use of socio-technical technology for supporting group work. CSCW has a long tradition in interdisciplinary work exploring technical, social, and theoretical challenges for the design of technologies to support cooperative and collaborative work and life activities. However, most of the research tradition, methods, and theories in the field follow a strong trend grounded in social and cultural aspects from North America and Western Europe. Therefore, it is inevitable that some of the underlying, and established, knowledge in the field will not be directly transferrable or applicable to other populations. This paper presents the results of an interview study conducted with Latin American faculty on the feasability, viability, and prospect of a curriculum proposal for CSCW Education in Latin America: To this end, we conducted nine interviews with faculty currently based in six countries of the region, aiming to understand how a CSCW course targeted to undergraduate and/or graduate students in Latin America might be deployed. Our findings suggest that there are specific traits that need to be addressed in such a course, such as: tailoring foundational CSCW concepts to the diversity of local cultures, motivating the involvement of students by tackling relevant problems to their local communities, and revitalizing CSCW research and practice in the continent.

Juan Ramón Moreno-Vera, José Monteagudo Fernández

En la experiencia que aquí se presenta, estudiantes de la Universidad de Murcia dejaron las aulas por unas horas para llevar a cabo un aprendizaje situado de la historia del arte mediante un itinerario didáctico sobre la Murcia medieval. De este modo, se rompen las barreras físicas del aula y se integran los elementos de aprendizaje con el propio paisaje urbano por donde los estudiantes pasan a diario. El itinerario didáctico partía desde el antiguo Alcázar Seguir de la ciudad, hoy Convento de clausura, pasando por la plaza de Santo Domingo, antigua plaza del zoco; la conjunción urbana de “las cuatro esquinas”, donde convergen las calles de los principales gremios de la ciudad; la catedral de Murcia, donde se conservan los restos de la antigua mezquita Al-Jama y, finalmente, en el conjunto monumental de San Juan de Dios, donde aún es visible el nicho del mihrab del antiguo oratorio del Alcázar mayor medieval. Los resultados de la investigación se basan en el análisis de un pre-test y un post-test que el alumnado contestó sobre sus conocimientos de la Murcia medieval. La progresión de aprendizaje del alumnado participante fue positiva mejorando en el post-test los resultados previos.

Javier Puente