Hasil untuk "Drawing. Design. Illustration"

José Saraiva

Abstract Over the past few decades, illustration has undergone a profound transformation, shifting from its traditional role as a form of commercial art to a multifaceted discipline that intersects with design, authorship, and contemporary art practices. This article, included in the Artwork/Portfolio section of the Arts, Culture and Design Journal, examines the evolving position of the illustrator in this complex scenario, focusing on three central dimensions: the rise of the polymath model, the economic and professional constraints imposed by the market, and the pursuit of authorship as a strategy for artistic and intellectual emancipation. Drawing upon theoretical contributions from Alan Male, Roderick Mills, Sue Clark, and others, alongside the author’s own academic and professional experience, and some of his portfolio pieces, the article analyses how illustrators are required to navigate between versatility and specialisation, service and expression, commercial viability and creative autonomy. The polymath principle, which values interdisciplinarity and intellectual adaptability, is discussed in contrast with the precarious economic conditions that characterise much of the illustration industry, particularly in peripheral markets such as Portugal. The article also explores the tension between authorship and legibility, highlighting how the quest for individual style and artistic recognition may compromise communicative clarity, especially in children’s publishing. Through the author’s own body of work, illustration is positioned as a discipline that continually negotiates its boundaries, questioning its place between applied design and fine art. Ultimately, this reflection argues that the contemporary illustrator operates in a state of productive contradiction: simultaneously constrained by market demands and liberated by expanded modes of practice and authorship. In this sense, illustration today functions as a field of negotiation - between economy and expression, legibility and ambiguity, art and service - revealing the complexity and richness of its current identity. Keywords: Illustration, Authorship, Polymath Principle, Visual Communication, Market Constraints, Legibility, Contemporary Art.

Christina Hoon

Eric Chen, Tongyu Zhou, Joshua Kong Yang et al.

Traditional usability guidelines recommend that interactive systems minimize user surprise, yet surprise plays a key role in artists’ creative experience. Digital art tools thus face the challenge of balancing control and surprise. We present L.ink, a digital illustration tool that empowers expert and novice artists to draw with controllable yet unpredictable procedural growth styles powered by L-systems. Unpredictability is achieved with a real-time interactive ink growth effect, while user control is provided by a rule editor with live visual preview. L.ink’s design builds on a model of drawing as a continuous feedback loop between the artist and their medium. Through a formative study with an early prototype version of the system, we identify three types of surprise and adapt our design with a strategy for mitigating unwanted surprise. This work has the potential to influence future efforts towards empowering artists working with unpredictable mediums.

Facundo Saxe

Este artículo examina y analiza el cine de Isabel Sarli y Armando Bo desde una perspectiva sexo-disidente. El texto busca analizar una parte de la película Sabaleros (1959), y asimismo el vínculo de los personajes de Sarli y Alba Mujica con relación a la categoría de archivo de sentimientos y sus conexiones con otros materiales culturales. Para esto se establecen relaciones contranormativas con la película Fuego (1969) y diferentes apariciones textuales, visuales y audiovisuales de Isabel Sarli. El artículo propone posicionar a Isabel Sarli, a sus huellas afectivas y culturales, como parte de un archivo de sentimientos de las disidencias sexuales.

Stefan Jooss, D. Collings, J. McMackin et al.

Despite two decades of evolution as an area of research and practice, talent management faces ongoing criticism for being overly static in its approach, offering little in terms of enabling strategic agility. This is problematic as organizations increasingly rely on strategic agility to manage their dynamic business operations. Drawing on matching theory and adopting an agility lens, we explore the link between talent management and strategic agility. Through a qualitative research design, encompassing 34 interviews in 15 organizations, we explicate a skills‐matching perspective on talent management, including initial and dynamic skills‐matching in external and internal labor markets. Through this process, organizations can build a set of dynamic capabilities, underlying two meta‐capabilities, strategic sensitivity and resource fluidity, which enable strategic agility. In doing so, we portray skills‐matching as an illustration of a processual view on talent management and create a model of developing strategic agility through skills‐matching, responsive to external and internal demands.

P. Probosiwi, Fery Setyaningrum

AbstractThe article's background is to dissect the results of the analysis of creativity habitus from drawing illustrations through appropriate theories or concepts. The purpose of writing is to describe the study's results using a grounded theory approach. The type of research used is qualitative research. Data collection techniques were obtained from observation, interviews, and document review. Important features of the grounded theory approach are: a) using theory as an explanation of a phenomenon in the practice of making illustrative images in online learning; b) research questions are directed to explore problems; c) data analysis is carried out in stages through the stages of consulting the concept and design of the work; d) data collection; e) data analysis supported by theoretical reinforcement. The study results show that the habitus process of creativity in making illustration images can be dissected with relevant theories or concepts so that an understanding of work practices in art education for elementary school children is obtained. Keywords: habitus, creativity, illustration image AbstrakLatar belakang penulisan artikel adalah membedah hasil analisis habitus kreativitas dari proses menggambar ilustrasi melalui teori atau konsep yang sesuai. Tujuan penulisan adalah menguraikan hasil kajian dengan pendekatan grounded theory. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data diperoleh dari proses observasi, wawancara, dan telaah dokumen. Ciri-ciri penting pada pendekatan grounded theory yaitu: a) menggunakan teori sebagai penjelasan tentang suatu fenomena praktik membuat gambar ilustrasi pada pembelajaran daring; b) pertanyaan penelitian diarahkan untuk mengeksplorasi permasalahan; c) analisis data dilakukan secara bertahap melalui tahapan konsultasi konsep dan desain karya; d) pengumpulan data; e) analisis data yang didukung dengan penguatan teoretis. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa proses habitus kreativitas dalam pembuatan gambar ilustrasi dapat dibedah dengan teori-teori atau konsep-konsep yang relevan, sehingga didapati pemahaman praktik berkarya dalam pendidikan seni bagi anak sekolah dasar. Kata Kunci: habitus, kreativitas, gambar ilustrasi.

Antonio Ferreira Martín

La investigación artística basada en significantes (IABS) es una metodología que ideé para darle sentido y coherencia a la forma de escritura de mi tesis doctoral. Supone dar media vuelta a la investigación artística basada en la práctica, en la que esta es el propio proceso y resultado de la escritura académica. Consiste en prestar mucha atención y jugar con los significantes –letras, siglas, trozos de palabras, miniaturas, fonemas, fallos de traducción automática o indexaciones en motores de búsqueda– para insinuar nuevos significados. Implica una decodificación performativa y aberrante de la aceleración semiocapitalista, pues, en ocasiones, imita sus lógicas, pero, a la vez, las señala y las cuestiona. La IABS solapa lo teórico y lo práctico y se camufla en la ortodoxia de la academia para hacer brillar sus imposibilidades, ya que habitualmente trabaja a partir de erratas, malentendidos o coincidencias azarosas –apofénicas–. Como un fractal, es capaz de influir a un pie de figura, a una frase, a un párrafo, a todo un capítulo, a un documento completo o a la fisicidad de una instalación en sala o de una performance. En definitiva, la IABS plantea las posibilidades artísticas de lo que ocurre dentro de un procesador de texto, mirando de reojo las diez pestañas abiertas del navegador. Como apunte final, el texto propone una breve reflexión crítica sobre las dinámicas establecidas en las plataformas digitales del capitalismo académico, basadas en el correo spam o en la sobreinformación de la indexación de papers al por mayor.

Lorenzo Fiorineschi, Federico Rotini

Several concepts and types of procedures for assessing novelty and related concepts exist in the literature. Among them, the two approaches originally proposed by Shah and colleagues are often considered by scholars. These metrics rely on well-defined novelty types and a specific concept of novelty; however, more than 20 years after the first publication, it is still not clear whether and to what extent these metrics are actually used, why they are used and how. Through a comprehensive review of the papers citing the main work of Shah, Vargas-Hernandez & Smith (2003a, 2003b) (the main study where the metrics are comprehensively described and applied), the present work aims to bridge this gap. The results highlight that only a few of the citing papers actually use the assessment approach proposed by Shah et al. and that a nonnegligible number uses a modified or adapted version of the original metrics. Furthermore, several criticalities in the application of the metrics have been uncovered, which are expected to provide relevant information for scholars involved in reliable and repeatable novelty assessments.

Beatriz Itzel Cruz Megchun

The work discusses another variant, place-making practices, of social innovation processes in a rentier state. We aim to document alternative processes that conceptualize different forms of participation and human agency. We want to provide a different discourse where it prevails in individuals’ representations of their complex system of symbols, rules, and codifications of living in the city. Thus, we provide a theoretical framework of the city under capitalism to introduce place, space, and practice later. We introduce Wachsmuth’s (2014) postulation of the city as a “category of practice” to document one representation of urban processes via alternative visualizations in the Emirate of Sharjah. We use a case study approach to record the complexity of happenings in place-making and its relation to social innovation processes. Results exhibit that social innovations and place-making /practices processes encompass collective and collaborative actions of a specific social group toward satisfying a social need. However, the latter differs in the intentions, actions, and outcomes, as individuals concentrate on intervening places to deal with their longing for home while creating a sense of belonging through a series of rituals in an urban context. This work provides an opportunity to advance the understanding of social innovations in other contexts while offering frameworks that honor immigrants’ culture and social realm and thus bring into being other worlds. Thus, we require epistemological approaches, theoretical frameworks, and dialectic character that offer an alternative to prevent exclusionary conceptualizations of participation.

Peter Eades, Niklas Gröne, Karsten Klein et al.

Celtic knots are an ancient art form often attributed to Celtic cultures, used to decorate monuments and manuscripts, and to symbolise eternity and interconnectedness. This paper describes the framework CelticGraph to draw graphs as Celtic knots and links. The drawing process raises interesting combinatorial concepts in the theory of circuits in planar graphs. Further, CelticGraph uses a novel algorithm to represent edges as Bézier curves, aiming to show each link as a smooth curve with limited curvature.

Tim Hegemann, Alexander Wolff

Orthogonal graph drawing has many applications, e.g., for laying out UML diagrams or cableplans. In this paper, we present a new pipeline that draws multigraphs orthogonally, using few bends, few crossings, and small area. Our pipeline computes an initial graph layout, then removes overlaps between the rectangular nodes, routes the edges, orders the edges, and nudges them, that is, moves edge segments in order to balance the inter-edge distances. Our pipeline is flexible and integrates well with existing approaches. Our main contribution is (i) an effective edge-nudging algorithm that is based on linear programming, (ii) a selection of simple algorithms that together produce competitive results, and (iii) an extensive experimental comparison of our pipeline with existing approaches using standard benchmark sets and metrics.

Karen Skilling, Gabriel J. Stylianides

ABSTRACT In this paper, we investigate using vignettes in educational research, particularly for eliciting value-laden constructs such as teacher beliefs and understandings and how these influence teacher practices. Drawing on research where vignettes have been used as the central instrument for data collection, we argue that methodological consistency is achieved when the research aims, methodologies and vignette methods are aligned, and this helps satisfy internal validity and supports the findings. To assist with achieving methodological consistency we introduce and discuss a vignette framework that identifies three key elements for vignette construction (conception, design, and administration), supplemented by characteristics for each element and descriptions. We then illustrate the framework by using an empirical study from mathematics education where two purposefully formulated vignettes were used to elicit diverse teacher beliefs and practices for promoting student engagement. This illustration shows that using vignettes in educational research can be particularly effective for gaining insights into interpretations and concerns that teachers may have about particular phenomena, such as student engagement in mathematics. We propose that carefully formulated vignettes aligned with the phenomena being investigated can help capture participants’ beliefs leading to a more nuanced understanding of the phenomena.

Martin Nöllenburg, Manuel Sorge, Soeren Terziadis et al.

The splitting number of a graph $G=(V,E)$ is the minimum number of vertex splits required to turn $G$ into a planar graph, where a vertex split removes a vertex $v \in V$, introduces two new vertices $v_1, v_2$, and distributes the edges formerly incident to $v$ among its two split copies $v_1, v_2$. The splitting number problem is known to be NP-complete. In this paper we shift focus to the splitting number of graph drawings in $\mathbb R^2$, where the new vertices resulting from vertex splits can be re-embedded into the existing drawing of the remaining graph. We first provide a non-uniform fixed-parameter tractable (FPT) algorithm for the splitting number problem (without drawings). Then we show the NP-completeness of the splitting number problem for graph drawings, even for its two subproblems of (1) selecting a minimum subset of vertices to split and (2) for re-embedding a minimum number of copies of a given set of vertices. For the latter problem we present an FPT algorithm parameterized by the number of vertex splits. This algorithm reduces to a bounded outerplanarity case and uses an intricate dynamic program on a sphere-cut decomposition.

P. D. C. E. Interatividade, Luiz Justino de Aguiar Neto, Antônio Wilson et al.

: This text aims to communicate the results of design research carried out over a year of research and experience in the area of Scientific Illustration of Endangered Carnivorous Mammals in the State of Bahia. Among the results are the appropriations, difficulties and challenges of learning scientific design in the undergraduate course in Biological Sciences at UEFS. As we also recognize that science owes many of its marks to confirmation traces, especially to the representation of fauna and experience, developed for the awareness of society and for the preservation of species. The color pencil drawing realistically ratifies the scientific language and explains the link between drawing, which is so necessary for the evolution of knowledge in the history of Brazilian university education.

Riwano Ikeda, I. Fujishiro

Flow effects such as flames, smoke, and liquids play an important role in activating illustrations, but drawing these effects requires artistic expertise as well as a great deal of effort. In this paper, we propose a method for adding stereoscopic flow effects to character illustrations using various shapes of 3D pottery wheel-type transparent canvases. One approach to designing a flow effect to decorate a character relies on simple curved geometry to beautify its flow in an organized composition. We extend this approach to present a drawing system—SpiCa (spinning canvas), which enables users to use transparent surface of revolution canvases to design 3D flow effects. User evaluations showed that users were able to create such effects more easily and effectively and reduce their workload with SpiCa in comparison with an existing 2D illustration tool.

S. Zeller

In the literature, the history of Swiss graphic design is regularly told as a linear development from illustrative tendencies to Modernist abstraction. Recent research has shown that these narratives were constructed and disseminated by a group of Modernist graphic designers through journals and their own publications. By the mid-1950s, the Modernists themselves began dividing designers of the time into two camps: the individual or illustrative versus the abstract or Modern. This dichotomy, which established itself quickly, continues to shape the narrative of Swiss graphic design to this day. However, this article argues that the reality of graphic design practice in Switzerland in the 1950s was more diverse than previously assumed. Outside an exclusive circle of practitioners, illustration and abstraction were understood more as design methods than as attitudes. Taking this as its starting point, this article looks beyond this dichotomy by drawing on unpublished sources of the time and, thereby, challenges the traditional understanding of Swiss graphic design.

Dhara Alim Cendekia, Riskiyana Prihatiningsih, A. A. Smaradigna et al.

The Ace Diary is an online counseling app that provides art therapy features, receptive music therapy, journaling, a chat room, emergency calling, loving quotes, and scheduling based on quadrant-time of 4th generation time management information architecture. Furthermore, counselors can monitor activities on the app. These features had not been integrated before, which is why a basic design was developed for this purpose by using the M. Asimov model to design this app. The visual strategy used for showing a typical journaling diary is lines with brushstroke and calming pastel colors. Ace Diary has six primary pages: drawing, venting, scheduling, room chat and calling, quotes, and record tracking. The different group pages have different background colors so that audiences can distinguish the page’s functions. Students’ picture profiles are created using an illustration in the same design style to keep identities confidential. Keywords: strategic journaling design, quadrant-time of 4th generation of time management, pastel colors, brushstroke

Loann Giovannangeli, Frederic Lalanne, David Auber et al.

By leveraging recent progress of stochastic gradient descent methods, several works have shown that graphs could be efficiently laid out through the optimization of a tailored objective function. In the meantime, Deep Learning (DL) techniques achieved great performances in many applications. We demonstrate that it is possible to use DL techniques to learn a graph-to-layout sequence of operations thanks to a graph-related objective function. In this paper, we present a novel graph drawing framework called (DNN)^2: Deep Neural Network for DrawiNg Networks. Our method uses Graph Convolution Networks to learn a model. Learning is achieved by optimizing a graph topology related loss function that evaluates (DNN)^2 generated layouts during training. Once trained, the (DNN)^ model is able to quickly lay any input graph out. We experiment (DNN)^2 and statistically compare it to optimization-based and regular graph layout algorithms. The results show that (DNN)^2 performs well and are encouraging as the Deep Learning approach to Graph Drawing is novel and many leads for future works are identified.

Dedek Indra Gunawan Hts, Andrian Syahputra, Rahmi Ramadhani et al.

E-learning is an important advance in the modern education system. While an Illustration is an art of visual writing artwork, drawing, painting, photography, or another type of art. Most people who want to be an illustrator usually must learn their skill basic with self-taught or learning on art of school. However most people specifically for known illustration and want to learn their skill on art school but constrained with distance or time or another reason with their tools art. Until the most people can not get their skill with fast. By looking at this times with the Design Online Learning Of Education On Illustration At Website, which has contained more information and education about illustration and the illustrator can make it easier for others to learn or to hone their skill with complete material which comes from most experienced illustrator. The design will become a place of sharing content about illustration, it was built with PHP, and DBMS MySql. This research resulted in an e-learning application using Iconix process.

G. Cardile, M. Pisano