Hasil untuk "Communities. Classes. Races"

Giona Fieni, Joschua Wüthrich, Marc-Philippe Neumann et al.

In Formula 1, race strategies are adapted according to evolving race conditions and competitors' actions. This paper proposes a reinforcement learning approach for multi-agent race strategy optimization. Agents learn to balance energy management, tire degradation, aerodynamic interaction, and pit-stop decisions. Building on a pre-trained single-agent policy, we introduce an interaction module that accounts for the behavior of competitors. The combination of the interaction module and a self-play training scheme generates competitive policies, and agents are ranked based on their relative performance. Results show that the agents adapt pit timing, tire selection, and energy allocation in response to opponents, achieving robust and consistent race performance. Because the framework relies only on information available during real races, it can support race strategists' decisions before and during races.

Mosaad Al Thokair, Minjian Zhang, Umang Mathur et al.

Happens before-based dynamic analysis is the go-to technique for detecting data races in large scale software projects due to the absence of false positive reports. However, such analyses are expensive since they employ expensive vector clock updates at each event, rendering them usable only for in-house testing. In this paper, we present a sampling-based, randomized race detector that processes only constantly many events of the input trace even in the worst case. This is the first sub-linear time (i.e., running in o(n) time where n is the length of the trace) dynamic race detection algorithm; previous sampling based approaches like Pacer run in linear time (i.e., O(n)). Our algorithm is a property tester for HB-race detection -- it is sound in that it never reports any false positive, and on traces that are far, with respect to hamming distance, from any race-free trace, the algorithm detects an HB-race with high probability. Our experimental evaluation of the algorithm and its comparison with state-of-the-art deterministic and sampling based race detectors shows that the algorithm does indeed have significantly low running time, and detects races quite often.

علی اکبر سالاری پور, آرمان حمیدی, عالیه فریدی فشتمی et al.

امروزه بخش بزرگی از رفتارهای محیط زیستی شهروندان تحت تأثیر ارتباط و میزان دلبستگی آن‍ها با شهر است. به‌طوری‌که دلبستگی به مکان و شهر مؤلفه‌ای حیاتی در پرورش شهروندان حامی محیط‌زیست محسوب می‍گردد. پژوهش حاضر از نوع توصیفی- کمی می‍باشد. جهت جمع‍آوری اطلاعات باهدف سنجش تأثیر میزان دلبستگی به شهر و همچنین خصوصیات فردی شهروندان، بر بروز رفتارهای حامی محیط زیستی در میان شهروندان، تعداد 402 پرسشنامه از طریق ساکنین شهر رشت تکمیل شده است. داده‍های به‌دست‌آمده از پرسشنامه‍ها به‌صورت کمی وارد نرم‌افزار SPSS شده و سپس با استفاده از نرم‌افزار Smart PLS3 به مدل‌سازی و تجزیه‌وتحلیل یافته‍ها پرداخته شده است. نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که برخلاف انتظار رابطه تأثیرگذاری میان شاخص‍های دلبستگی فردی به مکان، محل تولد، مدت سکونت و میزان تحصیلات بر رفتارهای حامی محیط زیستی شهروندان، وجود ندارد؛ اما از سوی دیگر نتایج مدل‌سازی نمایانگر این موضوع بود که در گام نخست رفتارهای حامی محیط زیستی شهروندان بیش‍ترین ارتباط و اثرپذیری را از دلبستگی اجتماعی شهروندان با مکان یا شهر دارند. سپس در گام بعدی تعدادی از ویژگی‌های فردی شهروندان ازجمله سن و وضعیت تأهل نیز بر رفتارهای حامی محیط زیستی شهروندان تأثیرگذار می‌باشد و رابطه مستقیمی میان آن‌ها برقرار است.

Congning Ni, Qingxia Chen, Lijun Song et al.

Informal caregivers (e.g.,family members or friends) of people living with Alzheimers Disease and Related Dementias (ADRD) face substantial challenges and often seek informational or emotional support through online communities. Understanding the factors that drive engagement within these platforms is crucial, as it can enhance their long-term value for caregivers by ensuring that these communities effectively meet their needs. This study investigated the user interaction dynamics within two large, popular ADRD communities, TalkingPoint and ALZConnected, focusing on topic initiator engagement, initial post content, and the linguistic patterns of comments at the thread level. Using analytical methods such as propensity score matching, topic modeling, and predictive modeling, we found that active topic initiator engagement drives higher comment volumes, and reciprocal replies from topic initiators encourage further commentor engagement at the community level. Practical caregiving topics prompt more re-engagement of topic initiators, while emotional support topics attract more comments from other commentors. Additionally, the linguistic complexity and emotional tone of a comment influence its likelihood of receiving replies from topic initiators. These findings highlight the importance of fostering active and reciprocal engagement and providing effective strategies to enhance sustainability in ADRD caregiving and broader health-related online communities.

Kevin J Wilson, Nina Wilson

Cross country running races are different to track and road races in that the courses are not typically accurately measured and the condition of the course can have a strong effect on the finish times of the participants. In this paper we investigate these effects by modelling the finish times of all participants in 28 cross country running races over 5 seasons in the North East of England. We model the natural logarithm of the finish times using linear mixed effects models for both the senior men's and senior women's races. We investigate the effects of weather and underfoot conditions using windspeed and rainfall as covariates, fit distance as a covariate, and investigate the effect of time via the season of the race, in particular investigating any evidence of a pre- to post-Covid effect. We use random athlete effects to model the participant to participant variability and identify the most difficult courses using random course effects. The statistical inference is Bayesian. We assess model adequacy by comparing samples from the posterior predictive distribution of finish times to the observed distribution of finish times in each race. We find strong differences between the difficulty of the courses, effects of rainfall in the month of the race and the previous month to increase finish times and an effect of increasing distance increasing finish times. We find no evidence that windspeed affects finish times.

Ethan Baron, Bram Janssens, Matthias Bogaert

Vector embeddings have been successfully applied in several domains to obtain effective representations of non-numeric data which can then be used in various downstream tasks. We present a novel application of vector embeddings in professional road cycling by demonstrating a method to learn representations for riders and races based on historical results. We use unsupervised learning techniques to validate that the resultant embeddings capture interesting features of riders and races. These embeddings could be used for downstream prediction tasks such as early talent identification and race outcome prediction.

Cristian Lenart, Gufang Zhao, Changlong Zhong

This paper explores a construction of the elliptic classes of the Springer resolution using the periodic Hecke module. The module is established by employing the Poincaré line bundle over the product of the abelian variety of elliptic cohomology and its dual. Additionally, we introduce the elliptic twisted group algebra, which acts on the periodic module. The construction of the elliptic twisted group algebra is such that the Demazure-Lusztig (DL) operators with dynamical parameters are rational sections. We define elliptic classes as rational sections of the periodic module, and give explicit formulas of the restriction to fixed points. Our main result shows that a natural assembly of the DL operators defines a rational isomorphism between the periodic module and the one associated to the Langlands dual root system. This isomorphism intertwines the (opposite) elliptic classes with the fixed point basis in the dual system.

Wenhao Wu, Jan Hückelheim, Paul D. Hovland et al.

Many parallel programming models guarantee that if all sequentially consistent (SC) executions of a program are free of data races, then all executions of the program will appear to be sequentially consistent. This greatly simplifies reasoning about the program, but leaves open the question of how to verify that all SC executions are race-free. In this paper, we show that with a few simple modifications, model checking can be an effective tool for verifying race-freedom. We explore this technique on a suite of C programs parallelized with OpenMP.

Monika Motaghi, Ali Asghar Heidary, Lida Gholizadeh

Background: The capacity to absorb knowledge and manage organizational talent and performance is important to the survival of organizations. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between knowledge absorptive capacity and talent management with the performance of the organization. Methods: This applied research used the causal design. The statistical population and sample size were 500 and 217 nurses, respectively.  Three standard questionnaires were used to collect data.  The knowledge absorption capacity questionnaire had Cronbach's alpha 0.705 and included 19 items. Moreover, the organizational innovation variable of the Atlay and Akif questionnaire with Cronbach's alpha 0.795 and 18 items, Hersi and Goldsmith with Cronbach's alpha of 0.762 with 42 items, and Phillips and Rapper with 28 items were used for the talent management component. Data were imported to SPSS20 and analyzed using PLS Descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The mean age of participants was 24.3±4.5.3 years, 52.54% of nurses were male and 42.46% were female. Also, 61.75% of nurses had a bachelor's degree and 38.15% had an MSc degree. Mean±SD of knowledge acquisition capacity was 17.56±4.63, that of talent management was 17397±4.87, that of organizational innovation was 18.22±4.65. and that of organizational performance was 18.39±4.95. Knowledge acquisition capacity, and talent management had a significant relationship with innovation and organizational performance (1.96<2.57, 3.8, 5.41 and 2.63), and organizational innovation was also correlated with organizational performance (1.96<2.94). According to the results of the Sobel test, the capacity to absorb knowledge and talent management was related to organizational performance with the mediating role of organizational innovation (1.96<2.45 and 3.21). Conclusion: Given the relationship between knowledge absorptive capacity and talent management with organizational performance, managers should be able to effectively improve the capacity to absorb knowledge and spread it throughout the organization.

Irma Dwiyanti, Muhammad Rijal, Wahyu Hidayat

Kampar Regency is one of the regencies with a quit spacious aquaculture area with pisciculture business activities as one of the livelihoods of most of the people. Freshwater fish farming in Kampar Regency includes the pisciculture of karamba or in ponds. The request for freshwater fish production in Riau province is also quite high, such as catfish, carp, tilapia, pomfret and baung fish for daily consumption or industrial needs. The high request for fish production in Kampar regency cannot always be fulfielld. This is due to the failure of aquaculture caused by various factors such as climate, environment, pests and diseases. So to avoid the occurrence of these failures required skilled human resources and adequate facilities. Research and Development Center for Aquaculture which functions as a center for development, research and public education in advancing the community's economy, which includes a research center, laboratory and also commercial functions in the fisheries sector. In designing the Center for Aquaculture Research and Development, the Biophilic architectural approach is used. Biophilic architecture is a good relationship between nature, humans and architecture. The concept of the building takes the concept of "River Water Flow" as an implementation of natural formations by considering the three aspects ofarchitecture Biophilic into a single unit.

Tri Wiyoko, Yogi Irdes Saputra, Aprizan Aprizan et al.

Parents have an important role in guiding each of their children’s development, especially in choosing children’s learning literacy media during the COVID-19 pandemic. This is so that the time given to study from home can be used as well as possible. This mentoring activity was carried out in Sungai Kapas village. The method applied is service learning which consists of planning, implementation and evaluation. There were 15 participants who took part in this activity. The results of the service evaluation show that parents who realize the importance of accompanying their children in choosing literacy sources are 100%. Then the parents who are ready to accompany their children in completing their learning tasks are 85%. This shows that parental assistance for the use of learning media literacy for elementary school children in Sungai Kapas has a good effect. Parents increase their knowledge and awareness to pay attention to their children when learning. The commitment to provide assistance to children is the key to the success of the role of parents in monitoring children’s learning development during the COVID-19 pandemic by choosing learning literacy media that are appropriate for their age. The success or failure of children in understanding the material assigned by the school during learning from home is strongly influenced by parents.

Cameron Cook, Suzanne Lenhart, William Hager et al.

Runners competing in races are looking to optimize their performance. In this paper, a runner's performance in a race, such as a marathon, is formulated as an optimal control problem where the controls are: the nutrition intake throughout the race and the propulsion force of the runner. As nutrition is an integral part of successfully running long distance races, it needs to be included in models of running strategies. We formulate a system of ordinary differential equations to represent the velocity, fat energy, glycogen energy, and nutrition for a runner competing in a long-distance race. The energy compartments represent the energy sources available in the runner's body. We allocate the energy source from which the runner draws, based on how fast the runner is moving. The food consumed during the race is a source term for the nutrition differential equation. With our model, we are investigating strategies to manage the nutrition and propulsion force in order to minimize the running time in a fixed distance race. This requires the solution of a nontrivial singular control problem. Our results confirm the belief that the most effective way to run a race is to run approximately the same pace the entire race without letting one's energies hit zero.

Iryna Demko, Ana Claudia Sant’Anna, Kathleen Liang

In this policy and practice brief, we analyze the U.S. Paycheck Protection Program (PPP). The PPP provided loans to support businesses during the COVID-19 pandemic. Some businesses received timely relief from the PPP loans, while some were not able to acquire assistance. Production agricul­ture received 617,128 PPP loans totaling $17 billion.[1] The reach of PPP loans across the country was broad. In 80% of U.S. zip codes, at least one farm received a PPP loan. The average size of the loan in agriculture ($27,744) was substantially smaller than the national average ($74,156). The authors conducted interviews with PPP recipients and present some findings from those. The most recent data reveal challenges and opportunities for agricultural businesses, depending on their scale of operations and regional disparities. Community organizations working with small agriculture-related businesses need to be aware of various impacts while providing future assistance. [1] All currencies are U.S. dollars.

Nikhaphone Mackhaphonh, Guangshe Jia, Qixiong Xu

Major public projects in Laos are faced with multiple challenges, including project identification and its decision-making. Generally, an identification is an important key identifying the potential needs and requirements for achieving the development goal. However, the process was developed without a formal framework and assurance tools that have been criticized for negative social and environmental consequences as “white elephant projects” over the past few years. Considering this context, the study aimed to develop a conceptual framework to navigate an alternative solution for the right project. Based on contextual analysis and systematic literature review, the proposed framework provided the process of concept development and its assurance that it could be systematically developed in a cause-effect chain of needs. The findings indicate areas that reflect new insights of both strategic performance and a governance system, and reforms the decision-making process in providing new knowledge, new rules, and procedures for effective governance.

Reza Nadri, Gema Rodríguez-Pérez, Meiyappan Nagappan

Open Source Software (OSS) projects are typically the result of collective efforts performed by developers with different backgrounds. Although the quality of developers' contributions should be the only factor influencing the evaluation of the contributions to OSS projects, recent studies have shown that diversity issues are correlated with the acceptance or rejection of developers' contributions. This paper assists this emerging state-of-the-art body on diversity research with the first empirical study that analyzes how developers' perceptible race and ethnicity relates to the evaluation of the contributions in OSS. We performed a large-scale quantitative study of OSS projects in GitHub. We extracted the developers' perceptible race and ethnicity from their names in GitHub using the Name-Prism tool and applied regression modeling of contributions (i.e, pull requests) data from GHTorrent and GitHub. We observed that among the developers whose perceptible race and ethnicity was captured by the tool, only 16.56% were perceptible as Non-White developers; contributions from perceptible White developers have about 6-10% higher odds of being accepted when compared to contributions from perceptible Non-White developers; and submitters with perceptible non-white races and ethnicities are more likely to get their pull requests accepted when the integrator is estimated to be from their same race and ethnicity rather than when the integrator is estimated to be White. Our initial analysis shows a low number of Non-White developers participating in OSS. Furthermore, the results from our regression analysis lead us to believe that there may exist differences between the evaluation of the contributions from different perceptible races and ethnicities. Thus, our findings reinforce the need for further studies on racial and ethnic diversity in software engineering to foster healthier OSS communities.

Fatmah

The geriatric minimal service standard (SPM) coverage in Depok has steadily decreased from 37.53% in 2013 to 11.8% in 2018. One factor affecting the problem is a lack of patient participation and the inability of posbindu (integrated service post for older people) cadres to perform their tasks. To increase the coverage of older people visiting posbindu, it is necessary to raise the knowledge and skill levels of posbindu cadres and community health centre staff in Depok. The skills include performing nutritional status assessment (NSA) and screening, early detection of dementia, independence assessment, and elderly nutrition counselling. This is a case-based article focusing on geriatric nutrition training for posbindu cadres and community health service staffs. We undertook training for 35 subjects (22 posbindu cadres and 13 community health centre staff). At the end of the training, the mean score of the elderly nutrition knowledge had increased to 52.5 points. The score before training significantly differed with post-training (p = 0.001). The knowledge of subjects who have the previous training was also significantly different from those who did not have the previous training (p = 0.017). The knowledge of posbindu cadres and community health centre staffs can be improved through elderly nutrition training. Technical assistance and monitoring performed three months after the training measured their ability to perform the geriatric nutrition services. They should be able to demonstrate how to educate older people in the diabetes mellitus nutrition campaign, metabolic syndrome, nutrition-balanced diet, and gout; also, how to conduct predicted height measurements using the knee-height predictor, and how to fill MNA, MMSE, BADL, and IADL instruments. We suggest the geriatric nutrition training program will increase SPM coverage at Depok City.

Indah Budiani

As national economic stakeholders, businesses are now paying more attention to the broader issues involving the public, local, and social dimensions of development. The Indonesian palm oil companies, as key stakeholders in the economy, play a crucial role in directly supporting the improvement of the community's well-being. The paper analyses the implementation of the UNEP/SETAC Guideline of Social Life Cycle Assessment (SLCA) as a sub-category of “community engagement” implemented by Indonesian palm oil plantations. Using the qualitative approach, this study describes four distinctive models of community engagement to mitigate the negative and positive social impacts brought about by business activities. The study finds that there is no convincing effective approach to corporate community engagement for poverty reduction. The study also highlights the importance of including community stakeholders in the decision-making processes as the means to prevent conflict and to maintain company reputation. Other approaches, such as capacity building and social economic development, can also be effective as long as a thorough assessment is conducted in advance and the participation of the local community is ensured in developing the intervention plan.

Philipp R. W. Urech

Pragmatic planning juxtaposed with conflicting agendas has led to metropolitan territories with little quality for urban life. Rapidly growing urban agglomeration, synchronous with the Great Acceleration of the global society, is causing massive landscape change leading to radical breaks with traditional landscapes. By drawing from the formal properties of the environment that include existing qualities, it is possible to develop solutions that respond to both a broader and more specific context. The method resorts to laser scanning technology to produce three-dimensional point cloud models and use them as a prospective medium to perform informed transformations in the landscape. Laser-scanned 3D models can help take advantage of subtle topographic differences to support water management, capture significant site features, and provide an accurate site inventory that could reduce the cost of displaced terrain and replanted trees. The article discusses how point cloud models can support the site investigation as part of a digital design method in the field of landscape design. The approach engages formal characteristics of a physical landscape and results in a transformative workflow linked to the survey and the analysis of the site. By using modes of visualization and coloring to emphasize shapes, densities, and heights, the model can reveal relevant landscape features and patterns that are otherwise not noticeable. Section 1 introduces the methods used in other disciplines; Section 2 provides explanations about how the methods apply to a case study in landscape design; Section 3 presents the possibilities offered by the approach to integrate formal characteristics of the environment during the design process. Design development based on documented features in the point cloud model increases the control to shape environments that contribute to the process of accumulation occurring in the landscape.

Achin Jain, Manfred Morari

A good racing strategy and in particular the racing line is decisive to winning races in Formula 1, MotoGP, and other forms of motor racing. The racing line defines the path followed around a track as well as the optimal speed profile along the path. The objective is to minimize lap time by driving the vehicle at the limits of friction and handling capability. The solution naturally depends upon the geometry of the track and vehicle dynamics. We introduce a novel method to compute the racing line using Bayesian optimization. Our approach is fully data-driven and computationally more efficient compared to other methods based on dynamic programming and random search. The approach is specifically relevant in autonomous racing where teams can quickly compute the racing line for a new track and then exploit this information in the design of a motion planner and a controller to optimize real-time performance.

Quentin Mercier, Amandine Aftalion

The objective of this work is to provide a mathematical analysis on how a Thoroughbred horse should regulate its speed over the course of a race to optimize performance. Because Thoroughbred horses are not capable of running the whole race at top speed, determining what pace to set and when to unleash the burst of speed is essential. Our model relies on mechanics, energetics (both aerobic and anaerobic) and motor control. It is a system of coupled ordinary differential equations on the velocity, the propulsive force and the anaerobic energy, that leads to an optimal control problem that we solve. In order to identify the parameters meaningful for Thoroughbred horses, we use velocity data on races in Chantilly (France) provided by France Galop, the French governing body of flat horse racing in France. Our numerical simulations of performance optimization then provide the optimal speed along the race, the oxygen uptake evolution in a race, as well as the energy or the propulsive force. It also predicts how the horse has to change its effort and velocity according to the topography (altitude and bending) of the track.