Hasil untuk "Organic chemistry"

M. Cokoja, Christian Bruckmeier, B. Rieger et al.

J. Nie, Hong-Chao Guo, D. Cahard et al.

G. Desiraju

Jean‐François Lutz

Nicolas J. Treat, H. Sprafke, J. W. Kramer et al.

K. Jaeger, M. Reetz

Daniel Kaiser, Immo Klose, Rik Oost et al.

Organosulfur compounds have long played a vital role in organic chemistry and in the development of novel chemical structures and architectures. Prominent among these organosulfur compounds are those involving a sulfur(IV) center, which have been the subject of countless investigations over more than a hundred years. In addition to a long list of textbook sulfur-based reactions, there has been a sustained interest in the chemistry of organosulfur(IV) compounds in recent years. Of particular interest within organosulfur chemistry is the ease with which the synthetic chemist can effect a wide range of transformations through either bond formation or bond cleavage at sulfur. This review aims to cover the developments of the past decade in the chemistry of organic sulfur(IV) molecules and provide insight into both the wide range of reactions which critically rely on this versatile element and the diverse scaffolds that can thereby be synthesized.

J. Peñuelas, M. Staudt

S. J. Garden, Â. C. Pinto

Isatins (1H-indole-2,3-dione) are synthetically versatile substrates, where they can be used for the synthesis of a large variety of heterocyclic compounds, such as indoles and quinolines, and as raw material for drug synthesis. Isatins have also been found in mammalian tissue and their function as a modulator of biochemical processes has been the subject of several discussions. The advances in the use of isatins for organic synthesis during the last twenty-five years, as well as a survey of its biological and pharmacological properties are reported in this review and in the accompanying supplementary information.

J. Bahr, J. Tour

M. Jacobson, H. Hansson, K. Noone et al.

E. Nakamura, H. Isobe

Yanlong Gu, F. Jérôme

J. Steed

V. Polshettiwar, R. Varma

Arroussi, Abdelaziz, Laksaci, Hamza, Djaafri, Mohammed et al.

The pollution of water resources by hazardous contaminants is a major obstacle to the provision of safe and potable water worldwide. Cost-effective, innovative, renewable, and environmentally friendly technologies are essential for wastewater treatment. In the current work, the potential of using raw date palm petiole (DPP) for the removal of Bezaktiv Marine S-BL (SBL) dye is investigated under a wide range of experimental conditions in batch mode. Experimental results show that the removal of SBL dye by DPP is highly dependent on contact time, initial pH, initial dye concentration, and temperature. The removal of SBL dye is relatively rapid where the equilibrium state is reached within a contact time of 120 min. Moreover, the biosorbent exhibits high stability in SBL adsorption ability over a wide pH range (4–12). Furthermore, the SBL dye adsorption increases with increase in initial concentration. The maximum adsorption capacity of the SBL dye on DPP is evaluated to be 110 mg/g, which is much higher than numerous other materials. In addition, a thermodynamic study indicates that the adsorption of SBL dye by DPP is a feasible exothermic and spontaneous process.The findings of the present study indicate that untreated DPP wastes can be considered effective materials for the treatment of textile dyes in wastewater in general and SBL in particular.

Li Jiaohui, Zhong Chengyun, Bian Guanji

Background: Epilepsy is a prevalent neurological disorder, and evaluating its treatment strategies is highly significant. This study aimed to compare the effects of monotherapy with carbamazepine and levetiracetam on the results of coagulation tests, including prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, fibrinogen, and D-dimer levels, as well as on seizure control in patients with partial-onset epilepsy. Methods: A total of 89 patients diagnosed with POE and treated at our hospital between January 2023 and January 2024 were enrolled. The patients were divided into the carbamazepine group and the levetiracetam group. Blood coagulation parameters, including prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, fibrinogen, and D-dimer levels, were measured at baseline (before treatment) and at 1, 3, and 6 months after medication initiation. Additionally, the frequency and severity of epileptic seizures were recorded for each group. Results: In the carbamazepine group, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, and D-dimer levels were significantly reduced at 1-, 3-, and 6-months post-treatment compared to pre-treatment levels. Conversely, these changes were less pronounced in the levetiracetam group. Fibrinogen levels decreased in both groups after treatment. The frequency of epileptic seizures was markedly reduced in all patients after treatment. There was no significant difference in seizure control rates between the carbamazepine and levetiracetam groups. Conclusions: Carbamazepine may pose a higher risk of coagulation abnormalities but demonstrated strong efficacy in controlling epileptic seizures. Levetiracetam had a milder impact on coagulation parameters while offering comparable effectiveness in seizure management.

Elettra Savigni, Elisa Girometti, Laura Sisti et al.

The removal of pharmaceutical contaminants like the anticonvulsant carbamazepine (CBZ) from water sources is a growing environmental challenge. This study explores the development of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) tailored for CBZ adsorption using a bulk polymerization approach. Initially, this study focused on selecting the optimal cross-linker, comparing a trifunctional (trimethylolpropane triacrylate, TRIM) and a bifunctional cross-linker (ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, EGDMA) in combination with two common monomers (2-vinylpyridine and methacrylic acid). TRIM-based MIPs demonstrated superior adsorption efficiency and stability due to their higher cross-linking density. To improve sustainability, six bio-based monomers were investigated; of these, eugenol (EUG) and coumaric acid (COU) showed the best CBZ affinity due to π-π interactions and hydrogen bonding. Adsorption tests conducted in pharmaceutical-spiked real wastewater demonstrated that MIPs exhibit a high selectivity for CBZ over other pharmaceuticals like the anti-inflammatory drugs diclofenac (DCF) and ibuprofen (IBU), even at high concentrations. Reaction conditions were further optimized by adjusting the reaction time and the ratio between reagents to enhance selectivity and adsorption performance. These results highlight the potential of bio-based MIPs as efficient and selective materials for the removal of pharmaceutical pollutants from wastewater.

Ayoub Hafid, Hokuto Iwakiri, Kento Tsubouchi et al.

Significant advances have been made in the study of quantum advantage both in theory and experiment, although these have mostly been limited to artificial setups. In this work, we extend the scope to address quantum advantage in tasks relevant to chemistry and physics. Specifically, we consider the unitary cluster Jastrow (UCJ) ansatz-a variant of the unitary coupled cluster ansatz, which is widely used to solve the electronic structure problem on quantum computers-to show that sampling from the output distributions of quantum circuits implementing the UCJ ansatz is likely to be classically hard. More specifically, we show that there exist UCJ circuits for which classical simulation of sampling cannot be performed in polynomial time, under a reasonable complexity-theoretical assumption that the polynomial hierarchy does not collapse. Our main contribution is to show that a class of UCJ circuits can be used to perform arbitrary instantaneous quantum polynomial-time (IQP) computations, which are already known to be classically hard to simulate under the same complexity assumption. As a side result, we also show that UCJ equipped with post-selection can generate the class post-BQP. Our demonstration, worst-case nonsimulatability of UCJ, would potentially imply quantum advantage in quantum algorithms for chemistry and physics using unitary coupled cluster type ansatzes, such as the variational quantum eigensolver and quantum-selected configuration interaction.