Hasil untuk "Manufactures"

Seungwoo Shin, Woo Young Kim, Myung Seo Kim et al.

The interest in microneedles is currently increasing due to their user-friendliness. However, the resource-intensive nature of conventional fabrication methodologies, such as photolithography and layer-by-layer 3D printing, restrain their application in high-dose drug delivery systems. This paper presents a novel one-step fabrication method for high-aspect-ratio microneedle arrays. The methodology integrates self-focusing photo polymerisation with digital light processing. In this approach, changes in the refractive index before and after photo polymerisation was leveraged to enable the single-exposure fabrication of microneedles with sharp tips and controllable geometries. Grayscale image projection was used to enable localised control over structural height and spacing, facilitating capillary-driven aggregation of microneedles and the formation of microcavities capable of accommodating high drug loads. Mechanical testing and in vitro experiments conducted using porcine skin confirmed both the penetration strength and the delivery of vitamin B12 without structural damage. Furthermore, internal light-guiding properties embedded in the microneedles enable localised optical delivery for potential phototherapeutic applications. Thus, the proposed technique allows rapid, maskless manufacturing with flexible customisation of microneedle designs tailored to specific drug doses or skin conditions. This fabrication strategy holds promise for applications in transdermal drug delivery, personalised therapy, and dermatological light treatment.

Biao Guo, Wentian Shi, Xiaoqing Zhang et al.

The application potential of auxetic metamaterials in impact resistance and energy absorption has been widely studied. However, most research focuses on optimising a single performance of a single unit, struggling to balance the negative Poisson's ratio (NPR) effect and overall performance. Herein, this study for the first time integrates hierarchical design into auxetic configurations, fabricating bio-inspired hierarchical nested Ti–6Al–4V auxetic metamaterials via laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF). Combined with quasi-static compression simulations, experiments, and dynamic impact simulations, their properties, NPR effect, and protective performance are systematically evaluated. Validated finite element analysis explores the influence of key parameters in depth. Results show that the bio-inspired bamboo-like structure maintains a stable NPR effect, with specific stiffness, specific strength, and specific energy absorption increased by up to 252.5%, 130.7%, and 112.4% respectively. The maximum specific stiffness of the beam-lattice composite structure reaches 4.29 times that of traditional structures. Under impact speeds of 1–100 m/s, the bamboo-like structure exhibits smooth stress response and stable energy absorption characteristics. Through the ‘stress dispersion-interlayer expansion-fragment interlocking’ mechanism, it achieves the concurrent optimisation of stiffness, strength, energy absorption, and NPR effect, demonstrating application potential for impact-resistant and energy-absorbing components in the aerospace and automotive fields.

Zhengrui Jiang, Wang Chen, Xiaojun Zheng et al.

Abstract The authors investigate new Automated Guided Vehicle (AGV) Routing Problem with Simultaneous Pickup and Delivery with Mixed Time Windows (VRPSPDMTW) in smart workshops, a variation of the classic Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP). A mixed time window vehicle routing model was developed for simultaneous deliveries. This model reduces the cost of AGVs used and distribution cost, along with time window penalties. To address this complex challenge, a Hybrid Adaptive Genetic Algorithm using Variable Neighbourhood Search (AGA‐VNS) is proposed. This algorithm enhances the genetic algorithm's local search capabilities while preserving solution diversity, thereby improving both efficiency and quality of solutions. Comprehensive computational experiments are conducted, which include both VRPSPDTW test benchmark and real‐world smart factory instance studies. The outcomes reveal that the AGA‐VNS algorithm outperforms both professional solver software and advanced heuristic methods significantly. Moreover, the newly developed mixed time window model is more aligned with the requirements of real‐world production processes compared to the traditional time window model. Thus, this research not only presents novel insights into the domain of vehicle routing problems but also demonstrates its significant applicability and potential in the background of intelligent workshops.

Hadwiger, Moritz, Dagres, Nikolaos, Hindricks, Gerhard et al.

Introduction: This study investigates the runtime and costs of biventricular defibrillators (CRT-D) and biventricular pacemakers (CRT-P). Accurate estimates of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) device runtime across all manufactures are rare, especially for CRT-P.Methods: Health claims data of a large nationwide German health insurance was used to analyze CRT device runtime. We defined device runtime as the time between the date of implantation and the date of generator change or removal. The median costs for implantation, change, and removal of a CRT device were calculated accordingly.Results: In total, the data set comprises 17,826 patients. A total of 4,296 complete runtimes for CRT-D devices and 429 complete runtimes for CRT-P devices were observed. Median device runtime was for CRT-D devices and 8.16 years for CRT-P devices (log-rank test p<0.0001). The median cost of implantation for a CRT-D device was 14,270 EUR, and for a CRT-P device 9,349 EUR.Conclusions: Compared to CRT-P devices, CRT-D devices had a significantly shorter device runtime of about two years. Moreover, CRT-D devices were associated with higher cost. The study provides important findings that can be utilized by cost-effectiveness analyses.

Winicius Augusto Schaeffer, Thiago Campos Monteiro, Ricardo Jorge Klitzke et al.

This study aimed to evaluate the spatial distribution of the air circulation speed and the final moisture content of pine lumber after kiln drying by using geostatistics. Two kilns acting on boards of 27 mm and 42 mm were evaluated. Air circulation speed and final moisture content were collected in different regions of the kilns. There was no significant difference for air circulation speed and final moisture content between the front and rear regions of the equipment. In the horizontal axis (Y-axis), air circulation speed averages did not differ statistically in both situations, but higher values ​​for this variable were obtained from the spaces between the piles. Final moisture content tended to increase when closer to the door opening. In the vertical axis (Z-axis), the lower part tended to reach higher air circulation speed values. Thus, the spatial behavior influences the air circulation speed and final moisture content during lumber drying. Besides, the variograms presented the same tendency in comparison to the data obtained in a conventional manner, which indicates that geostatistics can be used to represent variables in kilns during the drying process.

Wanglomklang Thanasak, Chommaungpuck Phathan, Chamniprasart Kontorn et al.

Fault Detection and Classification (FDC) based on Machine Learning (ML) approach was used to detect and classify mount head fault in the slider attachment process which causes the machine alarm 71 to occur which leads to 2% of machine downtime. This paper has focused on the use of classified pixel surface of mount head with fault difference conditions including Healthy, Fault I, Fault II, and Fault III to detect and diagnose mount head before a vacuum leak. The Artificial Neural Network (ANN) algorithm was a proposed classification model and has to be evaluated before using in the real processes. Three features of mount head surface pixel, i.e., inner, outer, and overall areas were investigated and used as model training data set. The experiment result indicates that the classification using the ANN model with three features performed with an accuracy of 94.3%. According to the result, it was found that the reliability of the production processes of FDC technique has increased as a result of the reduction of machine downtime by 1.886%.

DJORDJEVIC Suzana, MICIC Aleksandra, KRSTIC Radica et al.

In this paper, the ability of fabrics of different weaves and approximate fineness and density of threads to resist external forces of stress and deformation was investigated. An analysis of the influence of fabric construction on load behavior, i.e. on the behavior in use where the fabrics will be exposed to different types of stresses, is given. Two fabrics in plain and satin weaves were used. It was found that the structure and construction of fabrics directly affect the behavior during external stretching. The fabric in the plain weave has higher values for breaking strength and breaking elongation compared to the fabric patterns in satin weave. The pattern in the atlas weave has higher values for breaking elongation, which is related to the structure of the intertwining of the warp and weft and the residual stresses in the fibers, i.e. yarn. The fabric in the plain weave has higher values for the modulus of elasticity in both directions compared to the fabric in satin weave, which means that the initial deformation of the fabric in the plain weave requires a higher applied force compared to the fabric in satin weave. According to the results of work of rupture, the fabric in satin weave showed higher resistance to deformations compared to the fabric in plain weave. By modeling the force-elongation curve, using the second-order polynomial model, a very good coverage-fitting of the experimental data for both fabrics in the warp and weft direction is determined. Based on the model equations, the behavior of the same or similar fabrics in terms of mechanical characteristics can be predicted with sufficient reliability without practical measurement of breaking force and breaking elongation.

Dyczkowska Joanna, Bulhakova Yuliia, Łukaszczyk Zygmunt et al.

The purpose of the study is presentation of the method of increasing the competitiveness of the mining industry through the demonstration of the possibility and potential in closing the loop of supply chains through waste management. A critical analysis of the source literature and an arithmetic analysis of statistical data in static and dynamic perspectives were accepted to be the research method. It has been found that the structure of the level of mining wastes and the level of their recovery rates demonstrate a large potential of closing the loop of chains in this industry and, at the same time, a potential to extend the chains through directing the material from recovery to various sectors. This constitutes an example of the direction of activities that are in line with the EU strategies for the economies of other states which possess this type wastes.

Abdur Rafik, Aghnia Setyaning Rahayu

That financial literacy and psychological characteristics are important determinants of financial decisions have long been recognized in the literature. By focusing on Micro Small Medium Enterprises (MSMEs), this study investigates the extent to which financial behaviour and financial well-being consisting of both financial security and financial anxiety can be explained by financial literacy and cognitive factors such as self-control, optimism, and deliberative thinking. Several demographic factors such as gender, age, educational background, and the length of engaging in MSMEs, as well as the characteristics of MSMEs such as industry and monthly sales turnover are functioned as control variables. Data were collected using a questionnaire that was purposively distributed to MSMEs’ actors and analysed using Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). In total, 155 samples were analyzed. The analysis shows that financial behaviour can be explained by deliberative thinking, financial security can be explained by financial literacy and optimism, while financial anxiety can be explained by self-control. Financial behaviour was also found to have a positive direct effect on financial security and financial anxiety. Thus, to improve the financial well-being of MSMEs’ actors, it may be necessary to improve their personal financial management skills that can lead to the positivity of financial behaviour.

Fu-xing Yin, Yu Liang, Zhi-xia Xiao

The electrode configuration determines the thermophysical field during the electroslag remelting (ESR) process and affects the final microstructure of the ingot. In this work, ingot with a diameter of 400 mm was prepared with two electrode configuration modes of single power ESR process, namely one electrode (OE) and two series-connected electrodes (TSCE). Finite element simulation was employed to calculate the electromagnetic field, flow field and temperature field of the ESR system. The results show that the temperature of the slag pool and the metal pool of the TSCE process is lower and more uniform than that of the OE process. The calculated temperature distribution of the ingot could be indirectly verified from the shape of the metal pool by the experiment. The experimental results show that the depth of the metal pool in the OE ingot is about 160 mm, while the depth of the TSCE ingot is nearly 40 mm shallower than that of the OE ingot. Microstructural comparisons indicate that coarse eutectic carbides are formed in the center of the OE ingot, whereas more even eutectic carbides appear in the center of the TSCE ingot. In general, compared with the OE process, the TSCE process is preferred to remelt high speed steel ingots.

POPESCU Georgeta, MOCENCO Alexandra, OLARU Sabina

During pregnancy there is an evident change in the physical appearance of a woman's body. The most evident change is the substantial weight gain, increased abdominal region, torso and hip, and limbs thickening. Physical changes leads to the need of a wardrobe changing, especially in the fourth month of pregnancy. Given these factors the question arises is to identify the transformations of body conformation and ensure a maximum comfort in developing clothing products for this category. Because it is a continuous transformation, the products must be designed to be adjustable and versatile, ensuring their usability for a long period of the pregnancy and even after birth. The paper presents the specific algorithms for body conformations during pregnancy and the patterns designed based on these algorithms with the proper modifications. The principle of designing clothes for pregnant women refers to the introduction of pregnancy-related size changes in the standard method of pattern design. The research was conducted by INCDTP during the initial stage of a project, financed through national founds, consisting in a documentary study on morphologic indicators of women during the pregnancy period, the changes observe and their application in pattern design. Following the principles specific to the product group studied regarding comfort and style, INCDTP specialists have developed and produced a collection of clothing products for women during pregnancy. Key words: Pregnancy, algorithms, proportions, morphological indices, pattern design, clothing, changes

Andrés Acevedo, Cecilia Bustos, Jean Pierre Lasserre et al.

El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto de tres tasas de compresión (TC) en la morfología de grietas de debobinado en chapas de Eucalyptus nitens para la fabricación de tableros contrachapados. Chapas secas se obtuvieron desde un proceso de debobinado, con 1.8 mm de espesor a tres tasas de compresión TC1=0.5 %; TC2=3.5 % y TC3=5 %, las que se consiguieron ajustando la barra de presión y el cuchillo del torno debobinador marca Cremona de una planta de contrachapados del sur de Chile. Se obtuvieron probetas en forma aleatoria de los tres tipos de chapas procesadas. Fotografías fueron tomadas en el espesor de las chapas para el posterior procesamiento de imágenes. En el análisis morfológico de las grietas se evalúo: largo, área y frecuencia en las probetas para las tres tasas de compresión estudiadas. El análisis morfológico de imágenes mostró que existe una disminución del largo y profundidad de las grietas, así como también del área de grietas, cuando se aumenta la tasa de compresión. Diferencias significativas fueron halladas entre los niveles 0.5 % y 5 % de tasa de compresión. Esto implica que al aumentar la tasa de compresión, a través de un ajuste que involucra una menor distancia entre la barra de presión y el cuchillo debobinador, se obtienen chapas de mejor calidad, más rígidas y con una reducción del agrietamiento superficial en el tablero final.   Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of three nose bar pressure (TC) in the morphology of the lathe checks in Eucalyptus nitens veneers for the manufacture of plywood. Dried veneers were obtained from a peeling process, 1.8 mm thick three nose bar pressure TC1= 0.5%, TC2andTC3= 3.5%= 5%, which were obtained by adjusting the pressure bar and peeling knife of Cremona the in a plywood plant in southern Chile. Samples were obtained randomly from the three types of veneers processed. Photographs were taken in the veneer thickness for subsequent image processing. In the morphological analysis of the cracks was evaluated: length, area and frequency in the samples for the three nose bar pressure studied. Morphological analysis of images showed that a decrease in the length and depth of the lathe check, as well as the area, when the nose bar pressure increases. Significant differences were found between 0.5%and 5%levels of nose bar pressure. This implies that increasing the nose bar pressure, through a setting that involves a smaller distance between the pressure bar and peeling knife, you get better quality veneers, more rigid and with a reduction of surface cracking in the final plywood.

E. Christofori, J. Bierwagen

Recording Cultural Heritage objects using terrestrial laserscanning becomes more and more popular over the last years. Since terrestrial Laserscanning System (TLS) Manufacturers have strongly increased the amount and speed of data captured with a single scan at each system upgrade and cutting down system costs the use of TLS Systems for recording cultural heritage is an option for recording worth to think about beside traditional methods like Photogrammetric. TLS Systems can be a great tool for capturing complex cultural heritage object within a short amount of time beside the traditional methods but can be a nightmare to handle for further process if not used right while capturing.<br><br> Furthermore TLS Systems still have to be recognized as survey equipment, even though some of the manufactures promote them as everyday tool. They have to be used in an intelligent way having in mind the clients and the individual cultural objects needs. Thus the efficient way to use TLS Systems for data recording becomes a relevant topic to deal with the huge Amount of data the Systems collect while recording.<br><br> Already small projects can turn into huge Pointcloud Datasets that End user, like Architects or Archaeologist neither can't deal with as their technical equipment doesn't fit the requirements of the Dataset nor do they have the software tools to use the Data as the current software tools still are high prized. Even the necessary interpretation of the Dataset can be a tough task if the people who have to work on with the Pointcloud aren't educated right in order to understand TLS and the results it creates.<br><br> The use of TLS Systems has to have in mind the project requirements of the individual Heritage Object, like the required accuracy, standards for Levels of Details (e.g. "Empfehlungen für die Baudokumentation, Günther Eckstein, Germany"), the required kind of Deliverables (Visualization, 2D Drawings, True Deformation Drawings, 3D Models, BIM or 4D – Animations) as well as the Projects budget, restrictions and special conditions of the object. And if it’s used in the right way TLS will fulfil all request and furthermore create additional recording, deliverable and financial benefit.<br><br> Christofori und Partner is working with TLS Systems on cultural heritage Objects since 2005 trying to optimize the use of these systems (even in combining different systems like TLS, photogrammetric or new techniques) as well as creating useable deliverables for the Clients (Owner, Conservator, Designers and the Public) they can work on with.

Eliecer Méndez Méndez, Blanca Margarita Guerrero Haber, Roel Fajardo Ricardo et al.

Se realizó la sustitución del equipamiento obsoleto de automatización de las áreas de Enfriadores de Placas y Tanques de Contactos, por un Sistema de Supervisión y Control, formado por un PLC y el sistema SCADA. Para esto se estudió el lenguaje de programación existente en los equipos anteriores, se interpretaron los códigos, se identificó la programación de los lazos de medición y regulación existentes y se adicionaron nuevas mediciones. Se realizó el proyecto, la compra, el montaje, la programación y la puesta en marcha. El nuevo sistema mejoró el control y la supervisión y contribuyó a elevar la eficiencia tecnológica.

Asmai Ishak

This study investigates the effectiveness of the celebrity’s use in the advertisement. It, specifically, analyses the effect of credibility of the celebrity on the attitude toward the advertise-ment and the purchase intention. By using structural equation modelling with one congeneric measurement approach, this study indicates that from three dimensions of celebrity’s credibility, only attractiveness does not have significant influence on the attitude toward the ads. The other two dimensions that are trustwothiness and expertise have positively and significantly affect the attitude toward the ads which in turn enhances significantly the purchase intention. Additonally, it also finds that the effect of attitude toward the ads on purchase intention is so small indicating there some factors affecting the purchase intention<br /><br />Keywords: credibility of the celebrity, attractiveness, trusworthiness, expertise

Alcibiades Morales Miranda, Adolfo Álvarez Rodríguez, Alexander Campo Costa et al.

Se aborda la evaluación de algunos índices productivos y reproductivos (peso al nacer, 15, 75, 120, 240 días; peso según tipo de parto) de la raza ovina Pelibuey en la Cooperativa (CPA) "José Antonio Echeverría" de la Empresa Azucarera U. Noris, Holguín, en el período comprendido entre los meses de Mayo-Diciembre del 2008. Se escogieron 7 reproductoras, donde se controló el celo, monta, partos y crías al nacer. Se evaluaron los pesos al nacer y 15 días con una pesa de gancho y después, a los 75 días, 120 y 240 días, se realizó con una pesa de machete. Se utilizó un sistema de pastoreo rotando los animales cada 3 días por 8 cuartones recibiendo una alimentación de pasto, King Grass y Heno.

Yanely de la Caridad Esquijarosa Abradelo, Ibet Ayón Romero

Se aborda una metodología para el diagnóstico integrado del agua, basado en herramientas que brindan la información necesaria, teniendo en cuenta la necesidad de poner en práctica nuevas vías que posibiliten los índices cualitativos y cuantitativos de los servicios de agua, de acuerdo a la política energética y medioambiental y a las prioridades que demandan los objetivos sociales y económicos de cada territorio, que conllevan a la implantación de un sistema de gestión integral del agua.

Raúl Espinoza Herrera, Alain Cloutier

In order to determine the feasibility of manufacturing wood-gypsum and wood-gypsum-cement particleboards, the hydration reactions of four Eastern Canadian wood species with gypsum and Portland cement were studied. The compatibility of hot water extracted and raw wood particles with both gypsum and a gypsum-Portland cement mixture were determined for jack pine, balsam fir, aspen and white birch by isothermal calorimetry. The four species were found to be compatible and suitable for the manufacturing of inorganic-bonded wood composite boards on the basis of the compatibility factor. The hot water extractive content was low in the four species and did not have a consistent impact on the compatibility factor. Nevertheless, hot water soluble extractives did have an impact on the time required to reach the maximum heat flux, delaying it to undesirable levels particularly in the case of balsam fir mixed with neat gypsum. However, the effect of balsam fir on neat gypsum hydration was markedly reduced by the addition of 30% Portland cement. Hot water extraction of the wood particles and the addition of Portland cement to the wood-gypsum mixture significantly reduced the time required to reach the maximum heat flux. The gypsum-cement mixture was less sensitive to the inhibitory effect of wood than neat gypsum.<br>La viabilidad de cuatro especies de madera del este de Canadá para la elaboración de tableros de partículas aglomeradas mezcladas con yeso y con una mezcla de yeso-cemento fue estudiada por calorimetría isotérmica siguiendo las reacciones de hidratación de las mezclas yeso-madera y yeso-cemento-madera. La compatibilidad fue determinada sobre dos tipos de partículas de madera, unas sometidas a un pre-tratamiento de extracción con agua caliente y otras sin pre-tratamiento. Se utilizaron las siguientes especies: Pinus banksiana, Abies balsamea, Populus tremuloides y Betula papyrifera. De acuerdo al factor de compatibilidad, las cuatro especies fueron consideradas compatibles con el yeso y la mezcla yeso-cemento, siendo aptas para la fabricación de tableros compuestos. El contenido de extractivos solubles en agua caliente fue bajo en las cuatro especies y no influyó en la determinación del factor de compatibilidad. Sin embargo, los extractivos afectaron los tiempos de hidratación y en el caso del Abies balsamea retrasaron la hidratación del yeso a un nivel indeseable. Tanto la adición de 30% de cemento al yeso como la extracción de las partículas de madera con agua caliente redujeron visiblemente el tiempo requerido para alcanzar el máximo flujo de calor, además de eliminar el efecto causado por el Abies balsamea en la hidratación del yeso. En general, la mezcla yeso-cemento fue menos sensible a los efectos inhibitorios de la madera que el yeso puro.

Enrique José Leyva Miranda, Clara Marrero Fornaris

Se describe el papel de los sistemas informáticos en la Gestión de Recursos Humanos (GRH). Se hace una caracterización del Assets, sistema que se emplea en la GRH en la Universidad de Holguín "Oscar Lucero Moya", donde se ponen en evidencia las limitaciones que este presenta. Se plantea la necesidad de desarrollar una aplicación web sobre software libre (SWL) que lo complemente. A continuación se describe el concepto de sistema de gestión de contenidos (CMS) y se argumenta porqué Joomla, un CMS SWL, es una plataforma apropiada para el desarrollo de la aplicación.

Anays Más Basnuevo, Dermidio Parra Valdés, Ana M. Ochoa Fernández et al.

Se presentan los resultados de un proyecto territorial de ciencia e innovación, que cumplió con el objetivo de contribuir al proceso de perfeccionamiento del Centro de Investigaciones y Servicios Ambientales y Tecnológicos (CISAT) con el desarrollo de dos de las variables que inciden en él: la Información y la Informática. Los resultados obtenidos responden al paradigma científico-tecnológico actual y la política establecida dentro del país y el ministerio. Se recomienda que para su implementación se establezca una estructura y se asignen funciones. Se recomienda que los resultados expuestos sean tomados en cuenta como apoyo al proceso de dirección y perfeccionamiento del centro.