Hasil untuk "Greek language and literature. Latin language and literature"

Zahra Nazemi, Nasser Maleki, Shoja Tafakkori Rezaie

The classical narrative motif of suicide for love follows a four-stage process: intense affection, loss, despair, and ultimately, death. This paper examines the treatment of this motif in Eugene O’Neill’s Mourning Becomes Electra, offering a broader perspective on its literary lineage, from Euripides’ Hippolytus to Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet, as well as The Aeneid by Virgil, Metamorphoses by Ovid, and Seneca’s Phaedra. While scholars frequently highlight O’Neill’s indebtedness to Aeschylus’s Oresteia in the development of his trilogy, this study contends that his portrayal of love-driven suicide aligns more closely with other classical narratives, particularly those of Phaedra and Dido.

Friedrich Maier

Steven Hunt

The Classical Association, working with the charity Classics for All, is conscious of the vulnerability of Classics in the secondary education system and wants to understand the reasons behind this. Concern about the decline of classical subjects at GCSE and A Level has been mounting, indicated largely by exam entry data suggesting that entries for classical subjects are low and in the case of the ancient languages in decline.1 The Council of University Classics Departments Bulletin annually publishes statistics for student entries for national examinations at GCSE and A level in classical subjects. But this does not capture the full picture, nor does it represent the other constituent parts of the UK, which have their own examination systems. Therefore, in late 2021 the Classical Association and Classics for All designed a new Classical Studies Survey (the ‘Survey’), to fill in more detailed information about what is going on in schools' classics departments more widely through the UK, across Key Stages 3–5, and to provide practising teachers with an opportunity to make recommendations for future developments in courses for classical subjects. The Survey asked teachers to comment on the current situation for Latin, Ancient Greek, Classical Civilisation and Ancient History, the factors affecting these trends, and what support they considered they would need for Classics to survive in their institutions. This Survey collated data rigorously and enables the Classical Association on behalf of the classics teaching community to make compelling arguments in relation to education policies and examination reform.

Frank Coulson

The publication of volume 12 of the Catalogus translationum et commentariorum has opened up a vast field of new manuscript material dealing with the medieval commentary tradition on Ovid’s Metamorphoses. Among the important French commentaries briefly discussed therein is Brussels, KBR 2100. The commentary was produced in northern France in the mid-thirteenth century and to date has received little detailed scholarly attention. In this article, I discuss the varied approaches adopted by the commentator in explicating Ovid’s text. The commentary contains some material in common with Arnulf of Orléans and the Vulgate Commentary. But it also adopts several quite unique approaches to glossing the text, including a fondness for outlining Ovid’s rhetorical flourishes and interpreting the text from a very Christian perspective.

Luciana Molina

Nossa hipótese é de que a originalidade da interpretação de Judith Butler para Antígona só pode ser compreendida à luz das interpretações filosóficas já existentes da tragédia e das críticas à compreensão da tradição psicanalítica a respeito de gênero e parentesco, em particular como aparecem no Complexo de Édipo. Nesse sentido, analisamos algumas interpretações de Antígona pertencentes à tradição filosófica e psicanalítica (Hegel, Frédéric Gros, Jacques Lacan etc.) e também algumas feitas à interpretação freudiana de Édipo (Jessica Benjamin, Juliet Mitchell e da própria Butler) para delimitar a contribuição da perspectiva de Judith Butler sobre a tragédia e para a discussão filosófica das noções de gênero e parentesco.

Zuzana Dzurillová

The present article explores the usage of the historical present tense in the narration of the Early Modern Greek romance Erotokritos. Focusing on both the shape and the semantics of present indicatives designating past events in a narrative context, the analysis investigates the phenomenon from the perspective of diegetic and mimetic narrative modes and the respective discourse-pragmatic functions. First, the examination demonstrates the diegetic quality of the historical present tense in summary narratives to foreshadow cognitively salient events in the story and focalize referents important to the plot. Second, it elucidates the tense's mimetic ability in scenic narratives to create a dramatic atmosphere, and third, it illuminates the static dimension of this technique with the tendency to express mental states and psychological expressions of the protagonists. The analysis provides evidence of the use of the historical present tense as a cultivated literary device from both narratological and philological points of view, shedding new light on the diachronic development of this phenomenon.

Cristina Santos Pinheiro

Tomislav Mokrović

Mairi Mike

Stefano Rozzi, SR

Il Bollettino presenta in ordine alfabetico tutti i titoli segnalati durante il semestre precedente dalla Newsletter on line (http://www.tulliana.eu/sub_newsletter.php?LANG=I) gratuita della SIAC, che viene inviata agli iscritti ogni due settimane.

Luciano Traversa

Riassunto Questo lavoro si propone di valutare l’impatto dell’emotività sulla decisione politica di Cicerone nel 49: seguire Pompeo a Brindisi dopo aver ripetutamente mediato tra lui e Cesare. A tal fine si è scelto di percorrere la pista di indagine lessicale, utilizzando come parole-scandaglio amor e temeritas, data la loro interrelazione, piuttosto significativa, nella lettera ad Attico 9, 10. Dopo un breve excursus sulla loro base semantica, all’interno della più ampia riflessione filosofica sulle emozioni, si conduce un confronto tra i sospetti di manipolazione nella pratica ciceroniana dell’amicizia e alcune tracce di autenticità nell’amor erga Pompeium che lo stesso lessico rivela. Abstract This paper aims to evaluate the impact of emotionality on the political decision taken by Cicero in 49: follow Pompey at Brundisium after having repeatedly mediated between him and Caesar. To this end, it was decided to follow the lexical investigation path, using as key-words amor and temeritas which are closely connected in the letter to Atticus 9, 10. After a brief excursus on their semantic base, within the broader philosophical reflection on emotions, a comparison is made between the suspicions of manipulation in Cicero’s practice of friendship and some traces of authenticity in amor erga Pompeium that the same lexicon reveals.

Jayne Treasure

Having decided to leave Haberdashers’ Monmouth School for Girls (HMSG) after 23 years in 2013, most of my former colleagues were under the impression that I was planning to retire. To an extent that was true; I did decide to take my teachers’ pension early after a talk about pensions on an INSET day a couple of years earlier (and here I must apologise to younger teachers for whom this may not be a choice). There were some startling statistics about retirement age and the likelihood of death if left too late. Someone suggested it was probably a ruse by the governors to get rid of expensive teachers. If so, it worked. As far as I was concerned, it was one of the most worthwhile INSET days during my career.

Delfim Ferreira Leão

En varios estudios sobre la interpretación del término politeuma, Patrick Sí¤nger sostiene que tiene tres significados básicos: a) “acto polí­tico”, b) “la ciudadaní­a” o conjunto de ciudadanos activos”, y c) “sistema de gobierno” y, por lo tanto, “estado” (originalmente polis), muchas veces con la connotación de “constitución”. Aunque la interpretación de la palabra suele remontarse hasta Aristóteles, generalmente, se reconoce que sus significados básicos pueden hallarse también en las Literaturas Helení­stica y Romana, a veces, incluso utilizados uno junto a otro. Teniendo en cuenta la época en la que Plutarco escribió su obra y el vasto perí­odo de tiempo que abarca (especialmente en Vitae), podemos considerarlo una guí­a muy ilustrativa sobre el uso del término politeuma. La palabra se registra 75 veces a lo largo de su obra (63 ocurrencias en Vitae y 12 en Moralia). En la mayorí­a de los casos se la utiliza sólo una o dos veces en alguna biografí­a individual dentro de Moralia. Sin embargo, hay tres excepciones a este patrón general: las Vitae de Licurgo y Numa, incluyendo la Comparatio, que concentran 12 ocurrencias, aquellas de Agis/Cleomenes y Tiberio/Cayo Graco (más la Comparatio) con 13 y, finalmente, en An seni respublica gerenda sit dentro de Moralia, en 5 pasajes. En el presente artí­culo discutimos el modo en que Plutarco combina texto y contexto y cómo funciona el término politeuma según su contexto en las Vitae y en Moralia.

Maristella Lorch

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S. Hawkins

Coleman A. Baker

L. Cilliers, F.P. Retief

In this overview of city planning in Graeco-Roman times, starting with Greek gridiron street planning and functional city zoning in the 9th century BC, emphasis is placed on those aspects related to urban health and recreational activities. Etruscan-Roman expertise in hydraulic engineering facilitated the availability of ample water supplies, e.g. for public baths and latrines, and for efficient drainage systems, which had been problematic in the earlier Greek era. The Pax Romana obviated the need for defensive city walls and also potentiated the establishment and maintenance of long distance water supplies. Before the xenodocheia of the Christian era the only hospitals were Roman military institutions (valetudinaria) and some latifundia for sick slaves on large farms. Doctors practiced from very basic consulting facilities (iatreia, later tabernae). Graeco-Roman concepts of “death pollution” restricted structural burial facilities to a minimum, and situated outside the city walls. Greek recreation revolved around athletic sports practiced in stadia, gymnasia and occasionally in urban agoras; dramas were performed in open air theatres. The Romans preferred horse races and blood-thirsty sports in huge amphitheatres in which gladiators fought each other to the death.

Irena Radová, Kateřina Bočková Loudová

J. Gal

Masahiro Ogawa