High-resolution population maps play a critical role in addressing the growing risks of urban disasters. This study develops a transferable, building-scale population spatialization framework for residential areas, entirely using freely accessible open data. The framework avoids dependence on costly or sensitive fine-grained demographic datasets and overcomes the limitations of census data, which are updated infrequently and available only at coarse spatial scales. Using 10-meter SDGSAT-1 NTL data, we applied a statistical modeling approach directly at the community level within residential areas, effectively resolving the scale inconsistency that often arises when coarse-scale models are downscaled to finer resolutions. We further introduced a Building Residential Weight index that integrates building capacity, occupancy rate, and functional attributes. This factor enables the population of each community to be proportionally allocated to its buildings, producing a detailed and realistic building-level population distribution. Model evaluation experiments demonstrate that the Random Forest algorithm achieved the highest modeling accuracy in this study, with an R2 of 0.779, representing an improvement of more than 0.55 compared with widely used global population datasets such as WorldPop, LandScan, and GHS-Pop. The generated building-level population distribution maps provide a high-resolution spatial foundation for megacity disaster risk management, resource allocation, and urban planning.
Este relato de experiência teve como objetivo abordar questões de gênero, feminismo e direitos humanos, utilizando o livro Malala, a menina que queria ir para a escola, de Adriana Carranca (2018), com alunos do 7º ano do ensino fundamental em uma escola pública. A história da ativista paquistanesa Malala Yousafzai serviu como base para leitura, fichamento, tertúlia literária, produção de cartas motivacionais e discussões sobre igualdade de gênero, acesso à educação e dos direitos humanos. A metodologia adotou uma abordagem participativa, com o uso de recursos visuais, como vídeos, para ampliar a compreensão e o engajamento dos estudantes. O referencial teórico fundamentou-se nas perspectivas de Spivak (2010) e hooks (2017, 2021), dialogando com teorias feministas e documentos internacionais. O estudo dessa obra incentivou reflexões sobre desigualdade de gênero e educação equitativa, promovendo a desconstrução de estereótipos e o fortalecimento da consciência crítica dos estudantes. A experiência também estimulou o protagonismo juvenil na defesa dos direitos humanos e na promoção da cultura da paz, reforçando o papel da educação na construção de uma sociedade mais justa e igualitária.
Ethnology. Social and cultural anthropology, Human settlements. Communities
Em sistemas de abastecimento de água (SAA), os grandes volumes de perda de água não apenas acarretam prejuízos financeiros, mas, também, representam desperdício de recursos naturais, sendo estes alguns dos principais desafios enfrentados pelo setor no Brasil. Neste estudo, realizou-se ranqueamento para avaliar os sistemas de abastecimento de água de 397 municípios em relação às perdas de água, por meio de indicadores de desempenho disponíveis no Sistema Nacional de Informações em Saneamento Básico (Sinisa). A análise foi conduzida em dois contextos: uma avaliação geral, abrangendo todos os municípios incluídos no estudo, e uma avaliação estratificada, considerando a divisão dos municípios em diferentes estratos populacionais. Os resultados indicaram os municípios com maiores oportunidades de melhoria em implementação de medidas de redução de perdas e os que podem ser utilizados como referência para coleta de informações sobre boas práticas de redução e controle de perdas de água.
In environmental management, monitoring transitions toward regenerative agriculture (RA) supports carbon offset initiatives aligned with Regulation (EU) 2018/841. Current Land Use, Land Use Change, and Forestry (LULUCF) platforms primarily analyze macro-scale Earth Observation (EO) vegetation trends, yet are increasingly enhancing ground-based data collection. This study integrates these approaches through a methodological workflow comprising: (1) a survey segment with a 30 × 30 m pixel sampling grid for landscape-scale trend assessment and sub-hectare Survey Validation Areas delineating specific RA management practices; and (2) an EO monitoring segment using Landsat 5, 7, and 8 time series, processed in R and Google Earth Engine (GEE) to model 30 m phenological dynamics, alongside 10 m Sentinel-2 NDVI 15-day Maximum Value Composites published via a GEE application (RegenAPP). Applied to an experimental RA site, La Junquera – Camp Altiplano (Murcia, Spain), the workflow enabled fine-scale analyses, identifying greening trends in no-till RA plots in contrast to browning in adjacent tilled organic fields. Sub-hectare analyses further detailed phenological patterns linked to specific RA practices. This integrated EO–Survey approach complements LULUCF assessments by coupling EO-derived vegetation analytics with targeted field validation, capturing spatial and temporal RA transition dynamics.
Abstract Monitoring and predicting fault slip behaviors in subduction zones is essential for understanding earthquake cycles and assessing future earthquake potential. We developed a data assimilation method for fault slip monitoring and the short-term prediction of slow slip events, and applied to the 2010 Bungo Channel slow slip event in southwest Japan. The observed geodetic data were quantitatively explained using a physics-based model with data assimilation. We investigated short-term predictability by assimilating observation data within limited periods. Without prior constraints on fault slip style, observations solely during slip acceleration predicted the occurrence of a fast slip; however, the inclusion of slip deceleration data successfully predicted a slow transient slip. With prior constraints to exclude unstable slip, the assimilation of data after slow slip event occurrence also predicted a slow transient slip. This study provides a tool using data assimilation for fault slip monitoring and prediction based on real observation data. Graphical Abstract
La crisis iniciada en 2007-08 y las repercusiones habitacionales tuvieron como respuesta ciudadana la formación de grupos de resistencia a la oleada de desahucios que se produjeron por los impagos de hipoteca en primer lugar, y de alquiler o de ocupación más adelante. La Plataforma de Afectados por la Hipoteca fue considerada la pionera en 2009, pero analizando el caso de Barcelona se constata como en el último lustro han llegado a surgir más de 30 colectivos diferentes que inciden en la lucha por una vivienda digna. En este artículo se pretende analizar el contexto y la localización de estos movimientos sociales, a partir del análisis territorial del impacto de los desahucios, para analizar el alcance territorial de cada uno de ellos y ver posibles vacíos o yuxtaposiciones.
Cecília Laís Santana da Silva, José Eloízio da Costa
A pecuária leiteira é tradição no semiárido sergipano devido à sua relevância histórica e econômica como fonte de renda e de sobrevivência. Nesse sentido, Poço Redondo é hoje o município que mais produz leite em Sergipe, o que indica um processo de reorganização da bacia leiteira do Alto Sertão. Para entender em qual contexto surge este aumento produtivo, o artigo propõe analisar a inserção do pequeno produtor na cadeia produtiva do leite do povoado Santa Rosa do Ermírio face à subordinação e à assimetria. Portanto, como decurso do método e da análise qualitativa e quantitativa, as nuances da produção leiteira da “terra do leite” podem ser compreendidas como parte de uma macroestrutura do sistema econômico político e em sua relação com Poço Redondo e Sergipe.
Sensors play a crucial role in various fields by enabling the detection and analysis of a wide range of substances, including hazardous substance detection, environmental and food safety monitoring, pharmaceutical industry, gas analysis, and others. Research continues to identify and develop sensor matrix materials that can increase the sensitivity, selectivity and responsiveness of sensors. Silica, an oxide mineral is a potential matrix material for sensor applications because of its unique characteristics. It has a large pore structure and modifiable pore size distribution. Silica’s stable chemical properties, high-temperature resistance and corrosion resistance make it an ideal matrix material for a wide range of sensor applications. In recent years, silica cellulose also become a potential material for sensor applications. Silica cellulose is produced by combining silica with cellulose components from natural materials, such as rice husk ash, bamboo leaf ash, rice straw ash, and other plant fibers. This article provides a comprehensive exploration of various methods of synthesis and characterization of silica and silica cellulose materials. The methods include sol-gel, acid leaching, alkaline extraction, and other techniques for extracting cellulose from natural sources. In addition, sensor applications that have been tested using this material are also discussed, including its use in detecting molecular compounds, food and environmental applications. The development of silica and silica cellulose materials based on natural materials is considered because of their sustainability. By continuing to explore the potential of these materials, it is hoped that it can make a significant contribution in the development of sensor technology that is more innovative, environmentally friendly and sustainable.
This study investigates the impact of economic globalization on China's climate using city-level data from 2005 to 2019. This study employs the Spatial Durbin Model (SDM) to reveal an inverted U-shaped relationship between globalization and climate impact, with carbon emissions initially increasing due to scale and composition effects. Surprisingly, the technology effect has limited effectiveness, particularly in second and third-tier cities. Another significant finding of this study is the observed positive correlation between carbon emissions in the previous and current periods. However, this trend leads to lower carbon emissions in neighbouring regions. The results of this study call for technology-focused policies and international collaborations to promote sustainable development in Chinese cities.
Saniya Mukhamedzhanova, Ibrahim Shahin, Amantay Sharip
В статье анализируются объективные предпосылки и текущее состояние интеграции тюркских государств в сфере культуры. Общность истории, языка и традиций тюркских народов задают основу поиска и определения механизмов для более тесного сотрудничества, которое стало возможным после распада СССР. Изучение данных процессов подразумевает комплексное использование общественно-исторического и культурно-цивилизационного, а также междисциплинарного подходов.
По оценкам экспертов, культурный фактор заложил основу для европейской интеграции, став базисом формирования будущих общеевропейских институтов. О такой тенденции можно говорить также на примере сближения тюркских стран. В 1993 году Азербайджан, Казахстан, Кыргызстан, Турция, Туркменистан и Узбекистан создали Организацию по совместному развитию тюркской культуры и искусства, которая в 2009 году была переименована в ТЮРКСОЙ.
ТЮРКСОЙ прошла первый этап институционализации, подразумевающий налаживание сотрудничества с государствами-членами и наблюдателями, а также с другими международными организациями. С 2009 года и по настоящее время происходит второй этап, характеризуемый углублением и расширением сотрудничества, реализацией различных проектов и инициатив. По праву ТЮРКСОЙ называют «ЮНЕСКО тюркского мира», благодаря которой удается исследовать и сохранять
богатое тюркское культурное наследие, пропагандировать искусство и литературу родственных народов.
Julian J. Spergel, Jonathan Kingslake, Timothy Creyts
et al.
Surface melting on Amery Ice Shelf (AIS), East Antarctica, produces an extensive supraglacial drainage system consisting of hundreds of lakes connected by surface channels. This drainage system forms most summers on the southern portion of AIS, transporting meltwater large distances northward, toward the ice front and terminating in lakes. Here we use satellite imagery, Landsat (1, 4 and 8), MODIS multispectral and Sentinel-1 synthetic aperture radar to examine the seasonal and interannual evolution of the drainage system over nearly five decades (1972–2019). We estimate seasonal meltwater input to one lake by integrating output from the regional climate model [Regional Atmospheric Climate Model (RACMO 2.3p2)] over its catchment defined using the Reference Elevation Model of Antarctica. We find only weak positive relationships between modeled seasonal meltwater input and lake area and between meltwater input and lake volume. Consecutive years of extensive melting lead to year-on-year expansion of the drainage system, potentially through a link between melt production, refreezing in firn and the maximum extent of the lakes at the downstream termini of drainage. These mechanisms are important when evaluating the potential of drainage systems to grow in response to increased melting, delivering meltwater to areas of ice shelves vulnerable to hydrofracture.
Sabastine U. Ugbaje, Inakwu O. A. Odeh, Thomas F. A. Bishop
et al.
Quantitative attribution at the individual pixel level of the relative contributions of climate variability and human activities to vegetation productivity dynamics across Africa is generally lacking. This is because of the difficulty in establishing a baseline or potential vegetation against which the relative impacts of these factors can be assessed. This study addresses these gaps. First, annual potential net primary productivity (NPPP) for 2000–2014 was estimated for Africa using a model constructed from samples of NPP and environmental covariates from protected areas. Second, trends in NPPP, actual NPP (NPPA), and human-appropriated NPP (NPPH = NPPP − NPPA) were estimated and used in quantifying the relative contributions of climate and human activities to NPP dynamics. Over 2000–2014, NPP improvement was largely concentrated in equatorial and northern Africa, while subequatorial Africa exhibited the most NPP decline. Parts of Mali, Burkina Faso, and the central Africa region are associated with the greatest influence of climate-driven NPP improvement. Areas where humans dominated NPP decline include parts of Ethiopia and South Africa. Climate had a stronger role in driving NPP decline in subequatorial Africa. Nonetheless, further work is required to validate the results of this study with high-resolution imagery and field information.
En relación con la rápida suburbanización de las ciudades chinas, la variedad del entorno, los tipos de vivienda y las comunidades sociales que se han formado son cada vez más relevantes. Tomando Pekín como ejemplo, esta investigación ha estudiado su crecimiento espacial durante las últimas décadas, así como el incremento y la modificación de la población, las viviendas, las industrias y las instalaciones comerciales en los suburbios. Las áreas suburbanas entre la cuarta y la sexta carreteras de circunvalación se han convertido en las zonas con mayor desarrollo durante los últimos años. Concretamente, este estudio investigará la movilidad cotidiana en el sector de Shandi-Qinghe, Pekín, basándose en diarios de actividades de sus habitantes y datos de movilidad captados por GPS durante una semana. Se han estudiado los trayectos hacia el trabajo, los espacios donde se hacen las compras y otras acciones de ocio de tres grupos, definidos según el lugar de actividad laboral y residencia. Existen contrastes evidentes en los perfiles socioeconómicos, las rutas de viaje hacia el trabajo y el lugar de compras y de ocio entre esos tres grupos. En suma, el espacio suburbano de Pekín es cada día más complejo y maduro.