Hasil untuk "Women. Feminism"

Théo Hagenmuller

During the 1980s and 1990s, the HIV/AIDS epidemic profoundly transformed the homosexual movement in France. Within it, the David et Jonathan association (D&J), founded in 1972, occupied a unique position as a space for reconciliation between homosexual experience and Christian faith. Drawing on the association’s archives and on a survey conducted in 1990–1991 by sociologist Michael Pollak, this article examines how Christian gay men experienced the epidemic and developed militant and spiritual responses to the disease at the end of the twentieth century. While the members of D&J shared—like other homosexual experiences—a common experience of AIDS marked by fear, prevention, and grief, their Christian background gave rise to a distinctive spiritualization of the crisis. The associative framework played a central role: by providing a collective space for speech and action, D&J enabled its members to access specific activist resources drawn both from traditions of Christian commitment and from homosexual networks. This associative sociability fostered the appropriation of activist knowledge and the implementation of targeted initiatives. Through this study, the HIV/AIDS epidemic appears as a pivotal moment in the redefinition of the relationships between faith, sexuality, and activism, revealing how, in the face of the ambiguity and limits of ecclesiastical responses, D&J became a place for the reinvention of religious, activist and solidarity practices.

Tainah Sales, Felipe Cavaliere Tavares

History confirms that there have always been women who resisted the effects of patriarchy; however, feminist movements gained greater strength and formal adherence by States especially from the 1970s onward. From the perspective of global initiatives, the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) stands out—a 1979 treaty that is part of the universal human rights system. Nevertheless, despite this initiative and others that followed, the context of violence, male domination, and the invisibility of women in public spheres of power persists. Thus, the question arises: What causes the patriarchal structure to remain strong worldwide 45 years after the advent of CEDAW and 76 years after the Universal Declaration of Human Rights? This is the central issue the article seeks to address, through an analysis of the international patriarchal context in light of cosmopolitan feminism. This model rejects the Eurocentric, liberal, and falsely universalized imposition regarding the understanding of human rights, proposing instead their reinterpretation from a perspective that considers cultural differences among peoples and the role of multi-level governance in a globalized world. Structural changes are necessary, involving both state and non-state actors, as there is still, in general, an invisibility of this agenda within cosmopolitan political discourse. The article seeks to discuss the hierarchy that structures international politics and prevents the feminist struggle from advancing and producing more concrete effects.

Cristian Molina

Nos proponemos leer las reverberaciones de las imágenes sadeanas en las múltiples escrituras de Alejandra Pizarnik: en su correspondencia, diarios, textos en prosa y poemas. Ello supone redefinir lo sadeano como un modo de la imaginación —y, por ende, del pensamiento— que no se circunscribe a lo “sádico” como práctica sexual, ni tampoco como obra del marqués de Sade, sino que se presenta en tanto configuración singular de lo sensible que atraviesa los tiempos y las culturas. Nos interesa señalar cómo fue leída por la crítica la relación de Alejandra Pizarnik con el marqués de Sade, solo a partir de la atención sobre un conjunto de textos breves y en prosa. A diferencia de estas polémicas, sostenemos que las imágenes sadeanas reverberan en toda la escritura de Pizarnik, trazando momentos de intensidad variable y poniendo en discusión la idea de una temporalidad lineal que oficiaría de pasaje de una escritura a otra. Lo pizarnikiano de las imágenes sadeanas aparece, a veces en simultáneo, en una superposición con el masoquismo, así como en una monstruosidad femenina y lesbiana que desata una lengua de las monstruas corporal y risible que apenas aparece en sus poemas.

Nazash Jamal, Aziz Ahmad, Inam Ullah Mian

The life of women in a conservative capitalist society is always pitiful. They face various hardships to survival in a male dominated society. The Blue Room by Nafisa Rizvi vividly portrays the situation of women in patriarchal societies. Zaib and her aunt Zainab are consistently exploited by the male heads of their families. They never resist fulfilling their fixed gender roles. This research aims at finding out how women face and resist these situations in a lower class and bourgeoise family through a Marxist feminist interpretation of the novel at hand. The results of the study conclude that women are considered inferior to men in Pakistani conservative societies. The situation could be made better only if women could get proper education and empowerment. Keywords: Capitalist society, Male dominant society, The Blue Room, Marxist feminism 

Gemechu Gelan Bekele, Benyam Seifu, Ephrem Yohannes Roga

BackgroundEvery woman has the right to receive quality care during pregnancy. It is proven that antenatal care (ANC) reduces maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. The government of Ethiopia is also making intense efforts to increase the coverage of ANC. However, among pregnant women, the levels of satisfaction with the care provided are overlooked, as the percentage of women who complete all ANC visits is below 50. Therefore, this study aims to assess maternal satisfaction with ANC services rendered at public health facilities in the West Shewa Zone, Ethiopia.MethodsA facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among women who were receiving ANC in public health facilities in Central Ethiopia between September 1 and October 15, 2021. A total of 411 women were selected using the systematic random sampling method. The questionnaire was pretested and the data were collected electronically using CSEntry. The collected data were exported to SPSS version 26. The characteristics of the study participants were described using frequency and percentage. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to identify the factors associated with maternal satisfaction with focused ANC service.ResultThis study revealed that 46.7% [95% confidence interval (CI) (41.7%–51.6%)] of women were satisfied with ANC service. Factors such as the quality of the health institution [adjusted odd ratio (AOR) = 5.10, (95% CI: 3.33–7.75)], place of residence [AOR = 2.38, (95% CI: 1.21–4.70)], history of abortion [AOR = 0.19, (95% CI: 0.07–0.49)], and previous mode of delivery [AOR = 0.30, (95% CI: 0.15–0.60)] were significantly associated with women's satisfaction with focused ANC service.ConclusionMore than half of pregnant women who received ANC were dissatisfied with the service they received. This should be a cause for concern, as the level of satisfaction is lower than that of the findings of previous studies conducted in Ethiopia. Institutional variables, interactions with patients, and previous experiences of pregnant women have an impact on the level of satisfaction. Due attention should be paid to primary health and communication of health professionals with pregnant women to improve the levels of satisfaction with focused ANC service.

Betty Ruth Lozano, Daniela Paredes Grijalva

AbstractThis article asserts that European and North American feminisms are colonial discursive elaborations that defined what it was to be a woman and a feminist. The categories of gender and patriarchy established both what the subordination of women was as well as the possibilities for their emancipation. They're colonial discourses in the sense that they have construed women of the third world, or of the global South, as “other.” The specific case examined in this article questions the Euro-US-centric feminist construction of women and Afro-descendant feminists. In resignifying the categories of analysis proposed by feminism, such as gender and patriarchy, Afro-descendant feminists assert themselves as diverse Black women who build proposals subverting the social order that oppresses them, without needing to resort to feminism's central categories. Women belonging to ethnic communities elaborate a new type of feminism constructed in relation to the community's collective actions in vindicating their rights. Finally, Black or Afro-Colombian women, based on the legacy of their maroon or runaway slave ancestors, construct feminism otherwise, challenging universalist claims by Eurocentric and Andean-centric feminism, transforming and enriching it.

Jean Tiago Baptista

A partir da atual conjuntura fóbica do Paraguai em relação à diversidade sexual e da abordagem Queer Indigenous Studies, neste artigo, analiso a produção de corpos indígenas abjetos, como o das “machorras” e dos “afeminados”, no interior das Missões Indígeno-Jesuíticas (sécs. XVII-XVIII).

Raquel Oliveira Lindôso, Elaine Maurício Bezerra

J. Kay, Sarah Banet‐Weiser

Press. Purse, Lisa. 2011. “Return of the ‘Angry Woman’: Authenticating Female Physical Action in Contemporary Cinema.” In Women on Screen: Feminism and Femininity in Visual Culture, edited by Melanie Waters, 185–198. Basingstoke: Palgrave. Rottenberg, Catherine. 2018. The Rise of Neoliberal Feminism. Oxford: Oxford University Press. http://signsjournal.org/for-authors/calls-for-papers/ Signs. 2019. “Special Issue: RAGE.” Accessed 20 March 2019. http://signsjournal.org/for-authors/callsfor-papers/ Solonas, Valerie. 1968. SCUM Manifesto. New York: Olympia Press. Traister, Rebecca. 2018. Good and Mad: The Revolutionary Power of Women’s Anger. New York: Simon & Schuster. Zeisler, Andy. 2018. “It’s Time to Embrace Feminism’s Anger.” Bitch Media (blog), October 22. Accessed 20 March 2019. https://www.bitchmedia.org/article/its-time-embrace-feminisms-anger

Ruth Lewis, S. Marine, K. Kenney

Gabrielle Vivian Bittelbrun

Bell Hooks

This essay by bell hooks has played a central role in contemporary discussions about the limits of feminism to consider black women's social positions and experiences. The criticism to the understanding that there is a collective subject such as "women", very frequent in later literature, is produced by hooks considering the exclusion of black women from feminist knowledge and politics. She underlines oppression and domination among women and that they prevent black women from speaking. The perspective of those women, as opposed to a "we" based on the experience of white middle class women, becomes central in building feminist theory and a radical feminist political project.

L. Tiefer

S. Jeffreys

Betty Ruth, Lozano Lerma

This article asserts that feminisms born in Europe and North America are colonial discursive elaborations that defined what it was to be a woman and a feminist, and that the categories of gender and patri- archy established what the subordination of women was and also the possibilities for their emancipation. They're colonial discourses in the sense that they have construed women of the third world, or of the global south, like an "other". The specific case examined in this article question the euro-USA-centric feminist construction made about women and afro- descended feminist, and how they under several processes of resignification of the categories of analysis proposed by feminism, such as gender and patri- archy, assert themselves as diverse black women that build proposals subverting the social order that oppresses them, without the need to recur to the central categories of femi- nism. However, women belonging to ethnic communities elaborate a new type of feminism which is constructed in relation to the community's collective actions in demanding their rights. Finally, black of afro-Colombian women build an alternate feminism based on the legacy of their maroon or runaway slave ancestors, questioning the universalist positions of the Eurocentric and Andean-centric feminism, transforming it and enriching it.

E. Grosz

L. Scott, C. Dolan, Mary Johnstone-Louis et al.

Deborah Stevenson

Caroline Essers, Deirdre Tedmanson