Hasil untuk "Thermodynamics"

M. Ediger, C. Angell, S. Nagel

Y. Rosenfeld

O. Kedem, A. Katchalsky

J. Lemaître

A. Klamt, F. Eckert

R. Carey

G. B. Stringfellow

B. Demarco, D. Jin

M. Gilson, J. Given, B. Bush et al.

Shoichi Toyabe, T. Sagawa, Masahito Ueda et al.

Feedback mechanisms such as the ‘demon’ in Maxwell’s well-known thought experiment can, in principle, enable the transformation of information into energy, without violating the second law of thermodynamics. Such information-to-energy conversion by feedback control has now been demonstrated experimentally.

M. Mostovoy

It was recently observed that the ferroelectrics showing the strongest sensitivity to an applied magnetic field are spiral magnets. We present a phenomenological theory of inhomogeneous ferroelectric magnets, which describes their thermodynamics and magnetic field behavior, e.g., dielectric susceptibility anomalies at magnetic transitions and sudden flops of electric polarization in an applied magnetic field. We show that electric polarization can also be induced at domain walls and that magnetic vortices carry electric charge.

M. Lostaglio, D. Jennings, T. Rudolph

Recent studies have developed fundamental limitations on nanoscale thermodynamics, in terms of a set of independent free energy relations. Here we show that free energy relations cannot properly describe quantum coherence in thermodynamic processes. By casting time-asymmetry as a quantifiable, fundamental resource of a quantum state, we arrive at an additional, independent set of thermodynamic constraints that naturally extend the existing ones. These asymmetry relations reveal that the traditional Szilárd engine argument does not extend automatically to quantum coherences, but instead only relational coherences in a multipartite scenario can contribute to thermodynamic work. We find that coherence transformations are always irreversible. Our results also reveal additional structural parallels between thermodynamics and the theory of entanglement. The statistical nature of standard thermodynamics provides an incomplete picture for individual processes at the nanoscale, and new relations have been developed to extend it. Here, the authors show that by quantifying time-asymmetry it is also possible to characterize how quantum coherence is modified in such processes.

Hudson G. Roth, N. Romero, David A. Nicewicz

S. M. Pourkiaei, M. Ahmadi, M. Sadeghzadeh et al.

Abstract Increasing the production of energy in line with industry development, transportation, and life quality improvement is an interesting topic needs to be addressed. Energy policymakers and researchers have aimed at energy management, particularly by improving energy systems performance. This review paper explains the rising interest of thermoelectric technology and applications. Nowadays, thermoelectric technology such as thermoelectric generators (TEGs) and thermoelectric cooling systems (TECs) provide heat loss recovery of thermodynamic units for power production of remote areas. Unlimited solar energy can also be employed for thermoelectric power production. This paper describes the principles of thermoelectricity and presents an explanation of current and upcoming materials. Developed models and various performed optimization of thermoelectric applications by using non-equilibrium thermodynamics and finite time thermodynamics are discussed as well. Additionally, a number of topical applications and energy resources are introduced. The main goal of this study is to give a clear overview of thermoelectric technology and applications.

H. Mehling, L. Cabeza

M. Gell-Mann, C. Tsallis

Bo Wang, Yijia Gu, Shujun Zhang et al.

Abstract The flexoelectricity describes the contribution of the linear couplings between the electric polarization and strain gradient and between polarization gradient and strain to the thermodynamics of a solid and represents the amount of polarization change of a solid arising from a strain gradient. Although the magnitude of the flexoelectric effect is generally small, its contribution to the overall thermodynamics of a solid may become significant or even dominant at the nanometer scale. Recent experimental and computational efforts have led to significant advances in our understanding of the flexoelectric effect and its exploration of potential applications in devices such as sensors, actuators, energy harvesters, and nanoelectronics. Here we review the theoretical development and experimental progress in flexoelectricity including the types of materials systems that have been explored and their potential applications. We discuss the challenges in the experimental measurements and density functional theory computations of the flexoelectric coefficients including understanding the order of magnitude discrepancies between existing experimentally measured and computed values. Finally, we offer a perspective on the future directions for research on flexoelectricity.

Nathan M. Myers, O. Abah, Sebastian Deffner

Thermodynamics originated in the need to understand novel technologies developed by the Industrial Revolution. However, over the centuries, the description of engines, refrigerators, thermal accelerators, and heaters has become so abstract that a direct application of the universal statements to real-life devices is everything but straight forward. The recent, rapid development of quantum thermodynamics has taken a similar trajectory, and, e.g., “quantum engines” have become a widely studied concept in theoretical research. However, if the newly unveiled laws of nature are to be useful, we need to write the dictionary that allows us to translate abstract statements of theoretical quantum thermodynamics to physical platforms and working mediums of experimentally realistic scenarios. To assist in this endeavor, this review is dedicated to provide an overview over the proposed and realized quantum thermodynamic devices and to highlight the commonalities and differences of the various physical situations.

E. Witten

Making use of known facts about ‘tensor models’, it is possible to construct a quantum system without quenched disorder that has the same large n limit for its correlation functions and thermodynamics as the SYK model. This might be useful in further probes of this approach to holographic duality.

Cuihong Wang, Luqi Du, Xiaoyu Hao et al.

This paper aims to address the data-driven feedback control problem of Delta fractional-order systems. First, we convert the studied system into an integer-order discrete-time system with progressively increasing time delays. A novel stability condition is then established for the resulting system. Leveraging this stability condition and a data-driven approach, we proceed to analyze the design of both the state feedback controller and the guaranteed-cost data-driven feedback controller, utilizing state data and input–output data, respectively. Finally, we demonstrate the effectiveness of our obtained data-driven control strategies through two simulation examples.