Hasil untuk "Other systems of medicine"

S. Groseclose, M. A. Montalbano, Carol M. Knowles et al.

Jian Gong, Meiwan Chen, Ying Zheng et al.

Shuide Wen, Sungil Seok, Beier Ku et al.

We present DLIOS, a Large Language Model (LLM)-augmented real-time multi-modal interactive enhancement overlay system for Douyin (TikTok) live streaming. DLIOS employs a three-layer transparent window architecture for independent rendering of danmaku (scrolling text), gift and like particle effects, and VIP entrance animations, built around an event-driven WebView2 capture pipeline and a thread-safe event bus. On top of this foundation we contribute an LLM broadcast automation framework comprising: (1) a per-song four-segment prompt scheduling system (T1 opening/transition, T2 empathy, T3 era story/production notes, T4 closing) that generates emotionally coherent radio-style commentary from lyric metadata; (2) a JSON-serializable RadioPersonaConfig schema supporting hot-swap multi-persona broadcasting; (3) a real-time danmaku quick-reaction engine with keyword routing to static urgent speech or LLM-generated empathetic responses; and (4) the Suwan Li AI singer-songwriter persona case study -- over 100 AI-generated songs produced with Suno. A 36-hour stress test demonstrates: zero danmaku overlap, zero deadlock crashes, gift effect P95 latency <= 180 ms, LLM-to-TTS segment P95 latency <= 2.1 s, and TTS integrated loudness gain of 9.5 LUFS. live streaming; danmaku; large language model; prompt engineering; virtual persona; WebView2; WINMM; TTS; Suno; loudness normalization; real-time scheduling

M. Buja

The medical education system based on principles advocated by Flexner and Osler has produced generations of scientifically grounded and clinically skilled physicians whose collective experiences and contributions have served medicine and patients well. Yet sweeping changes launched around the turn of the millennium have constituted a revolution in medical education. In this article, a critique is presented of the new undergraduate medical education (UME) curricula in relationship to graduate medical education (GME) and clinical practice. Medical education has changed and will continue to change in response to scientific advances and societal needs. However, enthusiasm for reform needs to be tempered by a more measured approach to avoid unintended consequences. Movement from novice to master in medicine cannot be rushed. An argument is made for a shoring up of biomedical science in revised curricula with the beneficiaries being nascent practitioners, developing physician-scientists --and the public. Unless there is further modification, the new integrated curricula are at risk of produce graduates deficient in the characteristics that have set physicians apart from other healthcare professionals, namely high-level clinical expertise based on a deep grounding in biomedical science and understanding of the pathologic basis of disease. The challenges for education of the best possible physicians are great but the benefits to medicine and society are enormous.

S. Minzanova, V. Mironov, D. Arkhipova et al.

Pectin is a polymer with a core of alternating α-1,4-linked d-galacturonic acid and α-1,2-l-rhamnose units, as well as a variety of neutral sugars such as arabinose, galactose, and lesser amounts of other sugars. Currently, native pectins have been compared to modified ones due to the development of natural medicines and health products. In this review, the results of a study of the bioactivity of pectic polysaccharides, including its various pharmacological applications, such as its immunoregulatory, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic, antibacterial, antioxidant and antitumor activities, have been summarized. The potential of pectins to contribute to the enhancement of drug delivery systems has been observed.

Raivo Kalle, Nataliya Stryamets, Denisa Lorena Cutuca et al.

Abstract Background Bees have been important to people in Europe in many ways. Honey was the only sweetener available for a long time. The introduction of frame hives allowed for the collection of various hive products and better production of honey and wax. Only a few ethnomedicinal studies on apitherapy have been published in Europe, highlighting hive products that are collected, sold, or used by beekeepers. The aim of this article is to provide a general overview of apitherapy practiced by beekeepers in different corners of Europe, namely Estonia, Ukraine, and Italy. Methods We analyzed material from field studies conducted in three selected countries. From 2020 to 2024, we interviewed 17 beekeepers in each country. The average beekeeper interviewed was 55 years old, had approximately 45 beehives and approximately 22 years of experience, and did beekeeping as a part-time job. We also made observations at regional fairs and markets, as well as noted products originating from beekeeping in shops and pharmacies. Results The most well-known and popular apitherapy products in all three countries were honey, pollen, propolis, and royal jelly. Due to the increasing market demand for health-promoting products, beekeepers have started to enhance their products by mixing beekeeping products into honey, making tinctures, performing bee sting treatments, etc. However, strict regulations prohibit beekeepers from labeling their products with health-promoting information. In addition, a completely new trend has emerged: apitherapy tourism. However, Italian beekeepers did not collect or use specific products made in Ukraine and Estonia, such as dead bee tincture, honeycomb moth larva tincture, and drone brood homogenates, and did not make honey moonshine. Conclusions The development of apitherapy in Europe has depended on the development of beehive types, the advancement of beekeeping technology, and new knowledge about the health-giving properties of beekeeping products (promoted in the literature and by institutions). As beekeeping is closely related to market demand, apitherapy tourism has emerged as a completely new economic branch and apitherapy is becoming increasingly important in providing relief from mental health issues. However, this requires an entirely new approach from beekeepers and clients using apitherapy.

Camila Cristina Bortolozzo Ximenes Souza, Isadora Romagnoli Ribeiro, Rosé Colom Toldrá

O ensino de práticas corporais mostra-se como importante ferramenta de resistência ao modelo biomédico, favorecendo a invenção de novas formas de se pensar e produzir práticas corporais na saúde, com o desenvolvimento de metodologias e posturas de ensino dialógicas. Objetivo: Analisar o sentido do aprendizado de práticas corporais para os estudantes durante a formação graduada em Terapia Ocupacional. Método: Pesquisa documental qualitativa descritivo-exploratória, que utilizou como fonte primária de dados os registros escritos desenvolvidos por estudantes do 6º período da disciplina MFT0718 - Terapia Ocupacional e as Práticas Corporais II, ministrada de 2020 a 2024, armazenados na plataforma Moodle, com acesso restrito ao docente, monitor e estudantes. Resultados: A disciplina contava com momentos teóricos e discussão das práticas corporais; oficinas de trabalho corporal e diário do corpo; oficinas de trabalho corporal voltadas ao cuidado do outro e compartilhamento das experiências. Foram analisados 152 documentos. Diferentes benefícios nos aspectos físicos, emocionais e de bem-estar foram evidenciadas com as práticas corporais vivenciadas pelos estudantes e com o outro. Conclusão: A disciplina, por meio de metodologias de ensino dialógicas, fomentou a participação ativa dos estudantes, a corporificação dos saberes teórico-práticos, que transcenderam a sala de aula, aproximando-se da preparação para a prática profissional

Robin Strässer, Manuel Schaller, Julian Berberich et al.

We derive novel deterministic bounds on the approximation error of data-based bilinear surrogate models for unknown nonlinear systems. The surrogate models are constructed using kernel-based extended dynamic mode decomposition to approximate the Koopman operator in a reproducing kernel Hilbert space. Unlike previous methods that require restrictive assumptions on the invariance of the dictionary, our approach leverages kernel-based dictionaries that allow us to control the projection error via pointwise error bounds, overcoming a significant limitation of existing theoretical guarantees. The derived state- and input-dependent error bounds allow for direct integration into Koopman-based robust controller designs with closed-loop guarantees for the unknown nonlinear system. Numerical examples illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework.

Marcin Wachowiak, André Bourdoux, Sofie Pollin

This paper investigates the range ambiguity function of near-field systems where bandwidth and near-field beamfocusing jointly determine the resolution. First, the general matched filter ambiguity function is derived and the near-field array factors of different antenna array geometries are introduced. Next, the near-field ambiguity function is approximated as a product of the range-dependent near-field array factor and the ambiguity function due to the utilized waveform and bandwidth. An approximation criterion based on the aperture-bandwidth product is formulated, and its accuracy is examined. Finally, the improvements to the ambiguity function offered by the near-field beamfocusing, as compared to the far-field case, are presented. The performance gains are evaluated in terms of resolution improvement offered by beamfocusing, peak-to-sidelobe and integrated-sidelobe level improvement for a few popular array geometries. The gains offered by the near-field regime are shown to be range-dependent and substantial only in close proximity to the array.

Lucas Böttcher

Control problems frequently arise in scientific and industrial applications, where the objective is to steer a dynamical system from an initial state to a desired target state. Recent advances in deep learning and automatic differentiation have made applying these methods to control problems increasingly practical. In this paper, we examine the use of neural networks and modern machine-learning libraries to parameterize control inputs across discrete-time and continuous-time systems, as well as deterministic and stochastic dynamics. We highlight applications in multiple domains, including biology, engineering, physics, and medicine. For continuous-time dynamical systems, neural ordinary differential equations (neural ODEs) offer a useful approach to parameterizing control inputs. For discrete-time systems, we show how custom control-input parameterizations can be implemented and optimized using automatic-differentiation methods. Overall, the methods presented provide practical solutions for control tasks that are computationally demanding or analytically intractable, making them valuable for complex real-world applications.

M. Picard, B. McEwen

Background The integration of biological, psychological, and social factors in medicine has benefited from increasingly precise stress response biomarkers. Mitochondria, a subcellular organelle with its own genome, produce the energy required for life and generate signals that enable stress adaptation. An emerging concept proposes that mitochondria sense, integrate, and transduce psychosocial and behavioral factors into cellular and molecular modifications. Mitochondrial signaling might in turn contribute to the biological embedding of psychological states. Methods A narrative literature review was conducted to evaluate evidence supporting this model implicating mitochondria in the stress response, and its implementation in behavioral and psychosomatic medicine. Results Chronically, psychological stress induces metabolic and neuroendocrine mediators that cause structural and functional recalibrations of mitochondria, which constitutes mitochondrial allostatic load. Clinically, primary mitochondrial defects affect the brain, the endocrine system, and the immune systems that play a role in psychosomatic processes, suggesting a shared underlying mechanistic basis. Mitochondrial function and dysfunction also contribute to systemic physiological regulation through the release of mitokines and other metabolites. At the cellular level, mitochondrial signaling influences gene expression and epigenetic modifications, and modulates the rate of cellular aging. Conclusions This evidence suggests that mitochondrial allostatic load represents a potential subcellular mechanism for transducing psychosocial experiences and the resulting emotional responses—both adverse and positive—into clinically meaningful biological and physiological changes. The associated article in this issue of Psychosomatic Medicine presents a systematic review of the effects of psychological stress on mitochondria. Integrating mitochondria into biobehavioral and psychosomatic research opens new possibilities to investigate how psychosocial factors influence human health and well-being across the life-span.

Parisa Firoozbakhsh, Zahra Ghaffarinejad, Mahta Arbabi et al.

Background: Cancer is a major public health problem imposing the largest worldwide disease burden and chemotherapy is still its mainstay treatment used alone or in combination with surgery or radiotherapy. Anthracyclines are one of the chemotherapeutic agents effective against solid tumors, hematologic malignancies, and sarcomas. Despite their effective role in improving survival rates, their widespread use has been limited due to their cardiotoxic effects. It is hypothesized that botanical agents rich in vitamins and antioxidants could help to overcome the chemotherapy's side effects associated with oxidative stress. In this review, we aimed to investigate the cardioprotective properties of a number of these agents and summarize strategies for reducing the risk of anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity. Methods: Scientific databases including Pubmed and Medline were searched using the Mesh term and entry terms of eleven botanical agents, including citrus, blueberry, peanut, soybean, carrot, aloe vera, green tea, rosemary, flaxseed, cocoa, and propolis to find relevant articles regarding the cardioprotective potential of these agents. Clinical, preclinical, animal studies, and in vitro experiments in the English language and with available full texts that evaluated the cardioprotective potential of these botanical agents against anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity were included, (full search strategy - supplementary file1). Results and Conclusion: Besides the ability of these botanical agents to attenuate anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity, they also tend to show some synergistic effects with antineoplastic agents and can be used as potential adjuvant therapy. Further clinical investigations are required to evaluate the cardioprotective potential of these products in cancer patients.

Xuzhuo Wang, Guoan Yan, Zhengshuo Li

A low-observable distribution system has insufficient measurements for conventional weighted least square state estimators. Matrix completion state estimators have been suggested, but their computational times could be prohibitive. To resolve this problem, a novel and efficient power-flow-embedded projection conic matrix completion method customized for low-observable distribution systems is proposed in this letter. This method can yield more accurate state estimations (2-fold improvement) in a much shorter time (5% or less) than other methods. Case studies on different-scale systems have demonstrated the efficacy of the proposed method when applied to low-observable distribution system state estimation problems.

Chidozie Emmanuel Mbada, Omotola Adam Onigbinde, Olufemi Oyeleye Oyewole et al.

Abstract Background Physiotherapy education and practice have country-specific peculiarities which may limit globalization in health care. This study aimed to characterize physiotherapy practice and treatment preferences, educational qualifications, and research in Nigeria, with a view of providing vital information for transnational integration and collaboration. Methods A cross-sectional survey of 104 Nigerian physiotherapists was conducted. The Physical Therapy Practice Questionnaire and a self-developed proforma were used as survey tools. Results The mean age of respondents was 33.5 ± 9.4 years. About two-fifth of all respondents (39.4%) had an MSc and mostly practice as clinicians (51.0%) in teaching hospitals (34.6%). The respondents were mostly involved in general practice (50.0%), with a caseload of 1–10 patients per day (67.3%). Soft tissue mobilization (83%), proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (76%), breathing exercises (77%), and transcutaneous electrical neuromuscular stimulation (83%) were commonly used. Respondents were familiar databases and evidence-based resources (81.2%) and mostly utilize PubMed (73.3%). Regular case conferences with professional colleagues (47.6%) and treatment planning of between 11 and 30 min (40.6%) were common. Educators spend 1–3 h planning educational work (91.8%). Clinical decision-making is mostly based on professional experience, while journals are the primary resource for educational information. Conclusion Physiotherapy practice in Nigeria is degree based and requires registration board’s licensure. Practitioners deal with a high caseload and utilize a wide range of techniques and modalities and have tendencies to utilize personal experience and research in making clinical decisions. The parity in education and practice with advanced climes inadvertently gives physiotherapy practice in Nigeria a global purview.

Kyriaki Giannou, Michail Mantzios

Abstract The present editorial synopsises the benefits and challenges in meditative and non-meditative mindfulness practices and explores shorter and more creative approaches in mind–body interventions, emphasizing inclusivity and evidence-based practices. This collection, launched in BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies, aims to bring together research on a variety of mindful practices, to discuss their role in supporting wellbeing.

Emmanuelle Jasmin, Pénéloppe Blondin-Nadeau, Florence Côté et al.

Considérant la prévalence élevée des problèmes de santé mentale chez les jeunes et les défis d’accès aux services et aux traitements requis, il importe d’élargir les possibilités d’action des intervenants en milieu scolaire, dont les ergothérapeutes. Afin de mieux comprendre leur contribution dans ce domaine de pratique, une étude de la portée a été réalisée. Vingt-quatre articles scientifiques ont été retenus et analysés. Les interventions ergothérapiques recensées s’adressaient principalement à de élèves présentant des défis comportementaux ou neurodéveloppementaux, et étaient surtout axées sur la participation et fondées sur l’intégration sensorielle. La recension permet de proposer des interventions ergothérapiques efficaces et prometteuses en matière de santé mentale en milieu scolaire. La mise en oeuvre d’un modèle multiniveau, comme la Réponse à l’intervention, est recommandée pour offrir un continuum de services, incluant des interventions universelles, différenciées et individualisées. ---- Considering the high prevalence of mental health problems among youth and the challenges of accessing the services and treatments required, it is important to expand the possibilities of action for services providers in schools, including occupational therapists. In order to better understand their contribution in this area of practice, a scoping study was carried out. Twenty-four scientific articles were selected and analyzed. The occupational therapy interventions identified were primarily addressed at students with behavioral or neurodevelopmental challenges, and were primarily axed on participation and based on sensory integration. The review allows proposing effective and promising occupational therapy interventions in the field of mental health in schools. The implementation of a multilevel model, such as the Response to the intervention, is recommended to offer a continuum of services, including universal, differentiated and individualized interventions.

Behrouz Azimian, Shiva Moshtagh, Anamitra Pal et al.

Recently, we demonstrated success of a time-synchronized state estimator using deep neural networks (DNNs) for real-time unobservable distribution systems. In this letter, we provide analytical bounds on the performance of that state estimator as a function of perturbations in the input measurements. It has already been shown that evaluating performance based on only the test dataset might not effectively indicate a trained DNN's ability to handle input perturbations. As such, we analytically verify robustness and trustworthiness of DNNs to input perturbations by treating them as mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) problems. The ability of batch normalization in addressing the scalability limitations of the MILP formulation is also highlighted. The framework is validated by performing time-synchronized distribution system state estimation for a modified IEEE 34-node system and a real-world large distribution system, both of which are incompletely observed by micro-phasor measurement units.

Dimitrios Athanasiadis, Eleftherios Stefas, Stylianos Protopsaltis

Abstract Objective Stroke is a significant cause of disability, rendering patients with inability to perform activities of daily living due to lack of functional recovery. Precise prognosis in the early stage after stroke could enable realistic goal-setting and efficient resource allocation. Prediction algorithms have been tested and validated in the past, but they were using neurological biomarkers; thus, they were time-consuming, difficult to apply, expensive, and potentially harmful. The aim of this study was to create a new prediction algorithm that would not utilize any biomarkers. Methods A total of 127 stroke patients prospectively enrolled at day 3 after their stroke (mean age: 71, males n: 84, females n: 43). First, a sum of shoulder abduction and finger extension (SAFE) Medical Research Council (MRC) score was graded at day 3. Secondly, a binarized response was marked by the Mobilization and Simulation of Neuromuscular Tissue (MaSoNT) concept’s basic application on the upper limb. Third, the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score was assessed. All data from the patients were included in a Classification and Regression Tree analysis to predict upper limb function 3 months post-stroke according to the Action Research Arm Test score at week 12. Results The Classification And Regression Tree (CART) analysis was performed that combines three different scores in order to predict upper-limb recovery: the SAFE score, MaSoNT’s application response, and the NIHSS. The overall correct prediction of the new algorithm is 69% which is lower than previous algorithms, though not significantly. Conclusion This study offers basic data to support the validity of the APRAHL algorithm. The new algorithm is faster and easier, but less accurate. Future studies are needed to create new algorithms that do not involve neurological biomarkers so that they will cost less and be easily applicable by health professionals.

Oxana GROSU

Медицина 4П - это концепция, используемая в здравоохранении и биомедицинских исследованиях, основанная на принципах прогнозирования, персонализации, предотвращения и участия. Он находит все более широкое применение, что способствовало быстрому развитию медицины: были обнаружены несколько форм/ типов патологий, для которых были разработаны специфические методы лечения и соответствующие стратегии профилактики, стало возможным прогнозировать эволюцию здоровья и болезни, все эти было бы бесполезно без участия пациента, семьи и лиц, принимающих решения.Цель этой статьи - дать обзор медицины 4П и ее принципов профилактики, прогнозирования, персонализации и участия через призму клинической практики.Материалы и методы. Поиск в базе данных проводился по ключевым словам «медицина 4П», «персонализированная медицина», «партиципаторная медицина», «системная медицина». По термину «системная медицина» получено 5 257 904 результата, за последние 10 лет - 2 396 921 публикаций, журнальных статей - 2,4 млн, глав книг - 11 тыс., непосредственно связанных с медициной - 1,6 млн ссылок. По термину «точная медицина» появилось 158 239 ссылок, по «персонализированной медицине» - 91 883 ссылки и по «партиципаторной медицине» - 17 579 ссылок. Подавляющее большинство ссылок было опубликовано на английском языке. По запросу «персонализированная медицина онкология» - 18 209 ссылок, по «персонализированной медицине неврология» - 4 751 ссылка, из них за последние 10 лет опубликовано 4 336, журнальных статей - 4 300 и 16 глав книг. В большинстве публикаций говорится об использовании принципов персонализированной медицины (4П) при демиелинизирующих патологиях, эпилепсии, деменции, онкологии, инсульте, мигрени, нейровизуализации и нейрореабилитации. Результаты и обсуждения. Медицина 4П находится на пересечении трех основных тенденций: растущей способности системной биологии и медицины расшифровывать биологическую сложность патологий, цифровой революции, расширившей возможности сбора, интеграции, хранения, анализа и передачи данных и информации, и доступ потребителей к информации. Вывод: Медицина 4П - это концепция, используемая в биомедицинских исследованиях и здравоохранении человека, которая была взята из системной биологии и системной медицины. Это форма подхода, в котором используются принципы предотвращения, прогнозирования, персонализации и участия, чтобы преобразовать здравоохранение из реактивного в про активное. Использование в клинической практике принципов медицины 4П позволяет проводить расшифровку форм заболевания, стратификацию по патофизиологическим механизмам, применение персонализированного лечения к пациенту соответственно более эффективно и с меньшим количеством побочных реакций.

Bente L Langdahl