Hasil untuk "Judaism"

Moshe Idel

The biblical episode of the encounter between Moses and the Pharaoh turned out to be a matrix of speculations in Judaism about the messianic drama. Nahmanides contributed to it in his dispute with Paulus Christianus by assuming that the Messiah will go to the Pope as part of the messianic scenario. Some few decades later, the Kabbalist Abraham Abulafia (1240—c.1292) reports about his intention to meet the Pope in 1280. Scholars differed as to what was the purpose of this intention. The present study considers a series of passages written by the Kabbalist, which include inclusive language insofar as he was addressing not only the Jews but also other religions, in order to elucidate the succinct sentence found in one of his writings. In my opinion, those passages are related to his inclusive vision of the meaning of Yahadut, referring to religious persons who acknowledge the centrality of the divine name, and consequentially, Abulafia was concerned with some form of religious dialogue with the Pope. This more open tone is found in the claim that as a Messiah, Abulafia preached to the Gentiles and discussed esoteric topics with a Christian.

Isabel Frey

This article examines the negotiation of prayer melodies at Or Chadasch, a liberal Jewish synagogue in Vienna, exploring how these melodies represent the community’s balance between tradition and innovation within a progressive Jewish framework. As a “minority within a minority,” Or Chadasch operates on the periphery of Vienna’s Orthodox-dominated Jewish community and global progressive Judaism. The article begins by providing a historical context for progressive Judaism in Austria and by tracing the development of Or Chadasch and its repertoire of prayer melodies. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork, it explores how the emotional connections of congregants and prayer leaders to specific melodies shape debates on musical tradition, continuity, and communal belonging. Central to this analysis is the concept of minhag (custom), an insider term that serves as a flexible yet deeply rooted foundation in the musical worship practices of the congregation. The article identifies six “modes of minhag”—continuity, habit, authority, potluck, participation, and choice—as distinct approaches through which congregants negotiate persistence and change in prayer melodies. These modes illustrate how minhag functions as both a stabilizing and adaptive force, which accommodates diverse attachments across transnational and transhistorical Jewish musical practices. The study posits that minhag, understood as enacted through multiple modes, transcends a simple binary of tradition versus innovation. Furthermore, the article situates the musical minhag of Or Chadasch within broader ethnomusicological research on minority communities, arguing that this minhag reflects the specific historical, ideological, and sociopolitical positioning of the congregation, thus serving as a living archive of the community’s history.

CJS Editors

Janice Rosen

Ullrich Kleinhempel

The genesis of Hesychasm is still quite unresolved. In this article, the assumption that its origins lie in late Greco-Egyptian Antiquity, in the eastern Mediterranean, and that Yoga contributed to it, remain in the background. The normative form of Hesychasm, referred to here, is that described briefly by St. Gregory Palamas. In this article, two constituents, presented by him as essential, are investigated for their likely roots in the Greco-Egyptian syncretism of Antiquity. It emerges, that meditative ‘breathing’ – which Palamas connects to the drawing inward of the mind and awareness of the meditator – also serves as a ‘vehicle’ for drawing in the divine spirit, and the power of God, into the centre of a person, the ‘heart’ – that comprises the body, the soul, and the mind. This latter is important in testimonies of GrecoEgyptian syncretism, especially the Magic Papyry. ‘Magic’ is framed here religiously. This indicates that it is believed to be effective and theologically legitimate. The inclusion of Biblical elements in these texts suggest, that boundaries to Judaism and later to Christianity, were fluid. Therefore, the concepts and practices presented here, are to be regarded as important to a profound understanding of Hesychasm. Palamas’ instruction, ‘to send the spirit (nou=j) inwardly by means of breathing, should therefore not be understood as limited to the persons mind and consciousness, but also, as signifying the divine spirit (nou=j), with its power, inwardly, and thus, to participate in it, for divinisation and for acting by this power.

Jonathan Milevsky

Dov Cohen

En los últimos años se han ido descubriendo libros y ediciones desconocidos en judeoespañol, entre otros, en bibliotecas públicas, en colecciones privadas y entre los diversos materiales conservados durante siglos en la Guenizá de El Cairo. Entre los miles de fragmentos que se han acumulado en la Guenizá se han encontrado también fragmentos de ediciones de biblias sefardíes del antiguo Imperio otomano, que hasta ahora no habían sido documentados. El presente artículo señala las últimas novedades en el área de las ediciones de biblias sefardíes del siglo xvi, y presenta un inventario bibliografico actualizado de estas ediciones, a partir de los nuevos hallazgos.

Vadym Menzhulin

“Beilis affair” (1911–1913) is one of the most resonate events in Kyiv of the early 20 th century. It was a subject of a huge number of investigations. However, a special analysis of the role that the members of Kyiv Theological Academy community played in this affair has not been made yet. Facts and data available require further reflections and deeper interpretations. For this, both a time span and a thematic content should be expanded. Thus, the author tries to reveal the specifics of the discourse wherein the members of the community were predisposed to interpret both “Beilis affair” and “Jewish question” as a whole. The materials published in “Kyiv Theological Academy Studies” journal throughout all years of its existence in pre-revolutionary Russia (1860–1917) constitute the main source of information. In the study, the author tries to widen another researcher’s idea that “Beilis affair” became a unique case of the dialogue between Christians and Jews. The article shows that the foundations for this dialogue had been created in the previous years by many Kyiv Theological Academy community members, such as Andrii Khoinatskyi, Fedir Ornatskyi, Vasyl Pevnytskyi, Afanasii Bulhakov, Dmytro Bohdashevskyi, Olexandr Voronov, Mykola Stelletskyi, Viktor Ivanytskyi, Hryhorii Malevanskyi, Akym Olesnytskyi, and others. This experience as well as perfect knowledge of the European and world context, which the members of Kyiv Theological Academy intellectual community such as Olexandr Hlaholiev and Pavlo Tykhomyrov had, enabled them to make a real impact on the establishment of the dialogue between Christians and Jews in particular in the “Beilis affair”.

Abraham David

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Pierluigi Lanfranchi

The prejudice of Jewish smell was widespread in the Middle-Ages, but we find it already in a poem by Venantius Fortunatus (ca. 530-ca. 600). In this article I try to identify the sources of this theme by studying the foetor judaicus in Christian and pagan late-antique traditions. This prejudice has to be connected with the growing importance that olfactory dimension plays in the Christian liturgy, theology and polemics in Late Antiquity.

Manuel Sánchez Moya, Miguel Ángel Motis Dolader

A lo largo de los tres breves pero intensos años de trayectoria como tribunal inquisitorial (1485-87), los magistrados Juan de Çolivera y Martín Navarro convocaron trece autos de fe, implicando a unas ochenta personas, y afectando a un elevado porcentaje de la población adulta de la ciudad. La mayoría pertenece a la segunda generación de conversos, descendientes de los bautizados con motivo de la Disputa de Tortosa (1412-13). Celebrados en la Plaza Mayor o en la iglesia de Santa María, y aunque todavía no se ha consolidado un protocolo definitivo, presentan una cuidada dramaturgia, donde se combina la pedagogía del miedo, la demonización de la herejía y la estructura mental y de poder. Dadas las adversas condiciones políticas en las que se implantó, sus sentencias fueron muy severas, siendo condenados a la pena de muerte un 82% de los procesados, frente a un 39% que se registra en el tribunal de Zaragoza.

Dr. Muhammad Hafiz Sani, Dr. Abida Perveen

The concept of ethnic distinction and class division Judaism, the analytical and critical view the present article gives a research and critical view and analysis of the self mode concept and idea of the Jews and the ethnic distinction and class division.It is a fact that extremism, intolerance ethnic distinction and class division with reference to all religion has a particular eminence.Their whole history and religious literature by themselves are the witness to it.It is proved in this research based article through review of the concept of the Jews making an extensive case of the old and new sources, and relative books on the topic available that the Jewish ethnic distinction and class division and concept is the real base of the extremism and intolerance. It is their religious literature which is based on the self made concept and its teachings.

V. Sukhanov

The article analyzes the influence of the religious aspects on the political processes in Israel. Special attention is paid to the role of religion in the Palestinian-Israeli conflict. The author shows the trend towards politicization of religion and characterizes the process as unconstructive, which prevents to a peaceful settlement of the Palestinian-Israeli conflict.The article also discusses the interaction between secular and religious principles in the State of Israel, estimates the current situation, highlights the importance of the religious component in the political life of Israel.

Larysa Vladychenko

Ukraine is a multinational and multi-confessional state. As of January 1, 2013, there are more than a thousand religious organizations representing ethno-confessional entities in Ukraine. Among the latter, 309 units of the institutional network of Jewish organizations are active. It should be noted that Judaism in Ukraine has its centuries-old history and specifics of relations in the interreligious and state-confessional sphere. In this article, the question of analyzing the current state and specifics of state-confessional relations in the context of the activities of Jewish organizations in Ukraine is under discussion.

Kelly M. Smith, Tara M Hoesli

E. Ulrich, F. Cross, M. Baillet

Magnus Zetterholm

P. V. D. Horst, J. Newman

Reuven Faingold

Este artigo aborda a visita de Sua Majestade o Imperador do Brasil D. Pedro II (1825-­1891) a uma loja de antiguidades em Jerusalém. A visita a Terra Santa aconteceu em 1876 durante a segunda viagem do dignitário brasileiro ao exterior. Ao visitar a cidade santa, o monarca conhece o comércio do colecionador e falsificador de cerâmica Wilhelm Moses Shapira. Pedro II suspeita que o dono da loja seja um oportunista empenhado em ganhar dinheiro fácil com a falsificação de objetos antigos. O texto discute, também, uma parte considerável das escavações arqueológicas do século 19 à luz da cerâmica moabita.