The rapid development of digital technology has led to the creation of numerous online works generated by Artificial Intelligence (AI) on various platforms. The emergence of these works brings about challenges to traditional copyright protection. Traditional copyright aims to protect the legitimate rights and interests that individuals enjoy over their intellectual achievements, while AI mainly relies on algorithms. Issues such as the ownership of rights, infringement determination, and the degree of protection of works all need to be addressed. This review explores the copyright disputes involved in works generated by AI, including compliance issues, ownership issues and infringement determination. Moreover, corresponding feasible countermeasures for such issues will be discussed. Under no circumstances should the creation of works be based on laws. Nowadays, a work cannot exist independently without the support of vast amounts of data. Clearly distinguishing the attributes of works generated by AI plays an important role. This not only promotes the improvement of the legal theoretical framework in the field of intellectual property rights under the impact of AI, but also protects the legitimate rights of authors. And it conforms to the trend of the law and big data keeping pace with modern society.
Abstract The advancement of computational techniques has greatly influenced artistic practices, especially in replicating traditional oil painting digitally. While conventional image processing methods have achieved moderate success in emulating painterly effects, challenges remain in accurately reproducing the depth, brushwork dynamics, and chromatic complexity of classical oil media. To address these limitations, this study proposes a hybrid computational framework that integrates both image processing techniques and deep learning to transform photographs into visually authentic digital oil paintings. The pipeline begins with preprocessing and color anchoring using K-means clustering in the CIELAB (International Commission on Illumination) color space to simplify color regions while maintaining structural coherence. Edge detection using Sobel and Canny operators identifies contours and gradient orientations, guiding brushstroke placement. Stylization is applied through bilateral and Kuwahara filters, producing texture-smoothened yet edge-preserving visuals. A gradient-based directional stroke filter introduces Gaussian-weighted, orientation-aligned strokes to emulate the natural fluidity of oil paint. To further refine the output, a Style-Conditional Generative Adversarial Network (Style-GAN) is employed. Trained on a curated dataset of traditional oil paintings, this GAN module enhances texture realism, global consistency, and brushstroke fidelity through adversarial learning. To evaluate effectiveness, a dual-assessment approach was employed: expert artists qualitatively reviewed the outputs against traditional works, while structured Likert-scale surveys captured user perceptions of expressiveness, innovation, and fidelity. Results demonstrate that the GAN-integrated model significantly outperforms baseline methods, producing visually convincing and stylistically rich digital paintings. This study highlights how combining traditional techniques with generative models can bridge the aesthetic gap between digital simulation and classical art, contributing meaningfully to computational creativity.
History of scholarship and learning. The humanities, Social Sciences
Although building social capital improves student learning and the effectiveness of schools in educating students, it still needs to be explored in the area of primary schools. Thus, this case study was undertaken to explore the practices of primary school principals to develop students' social capital by taking social capital theory as a theoretical lens. Five school principals were selected purposefully from primary schools in Ethiopia. Thematic analysis was used to narrate data gathered through semi-structured interviews. Five focus group discussions were held with teachers and students separately. Findings revealed that the principal formed various social groups, facilitated family and community engagement, created a caring school culture, worked with parent-student-teacher associations and other social networks, and created common school goals for developing the social capital of students. Lack of interest and commitment from parents, lack of willingness and trust from teachers, and giving poor value for information were challenges constraining principals from developing the social capital of students in primary schools. In a nutshell, this study is important because it provides educators, administrators, the Ministry of Education, and other pertinent school stakeholders with more knowledge and information on methods for helping students build their social capital. This also makes the principals transform their leadership behavior to be more ethical, focused, caring, democratic, and pedagogical in leading teaching and learning and enhances their ability to exercise empowering, effective social behaviors towards their students in their daily practices.
History of scholarship and learning. The humanities, Social sciences (General)
The main purpose of this paper, which takes the form of an essay, is an attempt to answer the question of the limits of artificial intelligence (AI). In the introductory section, we present the key milestones in AI development, both historical and future projections, in which two terms – Artificial Human (AH) and Artificial ‘god’ (AG) – play a special role. In the second section, we clarify the question of the limits of AI by indicating the hypothetical goal of AI development. The third section develops the argument proposed by C. F. Weizsäcker, originally formulated for cybernetics. The conclusion of this argument is optimistic about limitations to the possibilities of cybernetic simulations. We apply this argument to AI and subject it to a critique which ultimately undermines the legitimacy of its conclusion. We base the critique on two well-known results: the theorem of the unsolvability of the halting problem and Gödel’s first incompleteness theorem, and we formulate two objections interpreted without adopting Church’s thesis. In the crucial fourth section, we present a third objection in the form of a hypothesis for which we argue that AI (AH), understood as a subject, will always be solipsistic.
History of scholarship and learning. The humanities
The thermal–hydraulic dynamics in containment are governed by a system of stiff ordinary differential equations (ODEs). A fully implicit discretization scheme is adopted to discretize these ODEs in order to mitigate the effects of stiffness. In comparison with explicit or semi-implicit discretization schemes that are subject to Courant limits on time steps, the fully implicit discretization scheme is more suitable for a containment analysis code that focuses on predicting both short-term and long-term thermal–hydraulic parameters after an accident. This study introduces a general-purpose ODE solver for the containment analysis code. The outline of the solver is as follows: The fully implicit discrete equations lead to a large set of nonlinear equations that need to be solved using Newton’s iterative method. The partial derivative components in the Jacobi matrix are calculated by the perturbation method using finite difference approximation, which avoids the complicated derivation of partial derivatives. The scaling modification technique is incorporated into this ODE solver to deal with significant differences in unknown variable magnitudes, and the line search method is introduced to address the difficulty of obtaining an accurate root estimate with Newton’s method when the initial guess is far from the actual root. This proposed ODE solver was applied to two typical stiff ODE problems to test its stiffness-suppressed ability and to demonstrate that this proposed solver can perform calculations with a very large time step. Then, the CASSIA code, a containment analysis code developed by China Nuclear Power Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd (CNPRI), equipped with this ODE solver, was applied to the CSNI (Committee on the Safety of Nuclear Installations) benchmark problem and the Carolinas Virginia Tube Reactor (CVTR) test 3 problem to preliminarily demonstrate that the proposed ODE solver can perform containment thermal–hydraulic analysis correctly. This study could provide references for the development of a home-made containment analysis code.
O trabalho encaixa-se no “Grupo de Trabalho 08 – Questões educacionais na contemporaneidade e os desafios da interculturalidade” e tem como questão central as políticas de ação afirmativa em Roraima nas universidades deste extremo norte, as resistências, tensões e desafios para sua implantação. No Estado de Roraima, de acordo com dados do Instituto Brasileiro e Geografia e Estatística, o percentual de negros (inclui pardos) entre a população é de 73,3%. Nosso objetivo é discutir a respeito da questão, visto que a questão negra pouco espaço tem ocupado nas discussões nas universidades. Ao inviabilizar ou não dar a visibilização necessária a questão, compreendemos que vamos permitindo a reprodução do racismo, da discriminação e do preconceito nestes espaços de formação. A metodologia foi baseada em análises bibliográficas priorizando os dados bibliográficos em Munanga, Nogueira, além de legislações de ação afirmativas nas universidades em Roraima. O artigo é resultado das leituras, de reflexões, fichamentos e inquietações sobre nossa realidade local, realizadas no Grupo de Estudos em Educação, Interculturalidade e Emancipação Humana – GEEINEH, ligado a linha de pesquisa Educação do Campo, Educação Indígena e Interculturalidade do Mestrado Acadêmico (PPGE/UERR/IFRR). O artigo é pertinente para a comunidade acadêmica e geral, pois reafirma a necessidade de pautar tais questões, sobretudo dentro do contexto de Roraima, cuja produção científica acerca da temática ainda é pouco suficiente.
María José Ibáñez, Felipe Vásquez Lavin, Roberto D. Ponce Oliva
Comparison between the performance of female and male-managed firms has long been a subject of research interest. Although the argument is that firms run by women have lower performance than those run by men, there is no agreement on the effects of managerial gender on companies’ financial outcomes. This study conducts a methodological review of quantitative research on the relationship between female business leadership and firm performance from 2010 to 2020. This review identifies the most frequently used dependent and explanatory variables and econometric models in the literature. Most studies have not considered endogeneity bias in their model specifications; therefore, these results could be biased and unreliable. We select empirical models to test the female underperformance hypothesis using a sample of Chilean firms. Our findings suggest that managers’ gender does not significantly affect business performance when endogeneity is addressed. Our methodological review reveals a significant gap in the research on female managers and firm performance in the Latin American context, and the empirical test provides new evidence in this vein.
History of scholarship and learning. The humanities, Social Sciences
Ho Yin Pekkle Lam, Meng-Yun Hung, Po-Ching Cheng
et al.
Background: Schistosomiasis is one of the most devastating tropical diseases in the world. Currently, praziquantel (PZQ) represents the best pharmacological option for the treatment of schistosomiasis as it effectively kills the worm. However, the inability to reverse established liver damages often makes treatment futile. In the current study, we investigate whether combining the use of wogonin, a compound that was found to be liver-protective, with PZQ can attribute to the greatest beneficial effect in Schistosoma mansoni-infected mice. Methods: To determine the protective effect of PZQ-wogonin treatment on S. manosni-infected mice, histopathological analysis was done to evaluate the granuloma size and fibrotic areas in the liver. Western blotting was performed to analyze several injuries-related markers including fibrotic markers, inflammasomes, and apoptotic markers. Scanning electron microscopy was done to evaluate the effect of wogonin on the worms, and the worm and egg burden was calculated. Results: Our results showed that PZQ-wogonin treatment significantly improved liver histopathology of S. mansoni-infected mice. Further analysis showed that PZQ-wogonin combinations are more effective in reducing fibrosis, inflammation, and apoptosis in the liver than that of individual drug use. Furthermore, our results revealed that wogonin is anthelmintic; and it works better with PZQ in reducing hepatic egg burden, further lessen the disease progression. Conclusion: In general, this combinatorial strategy may represent a new and effective approach to schistosomiasis treatment.
Este artículo analiza el auge de tráfico marítimo en el Pacífico mexicano durante la fiebre de oro. Durante la parte tardía de la década de 1840 y a principios de la de 1850, la cantidad de barcos que fondeaban en el litoral del oeste mexicano se incrementó como consecuencia de la masiva migración que se dio hacia el norte de California. Lo anterior trajo consigo un crecimiento comercial en puertos como Mazatlán, San Blas y Acapulco. El artículo argumenta, no obstante, que dicho auge distó de traer una bonanza permanente para esa zona de México. El empuje de las compañías comerciales de México y Estados Unidos y el rápido posicionamiento de San Francisco como eje comercial pronto inhibieron el incipiente crecimiento en la venta de bienes y las exportaciones.
History of scholarship and learning. The humanities, History (General) and history of Europe
Manuel Jesús Sánchez Chero, José Luis Casas Lazo, Priscila Estelita Luján Vera
et al.
El artículo de investigación tiene como propósito establecer la relación entre el clima social familiar y el clima laboral de los trabajadores operarios de la empresa pesquera – LALA FISH E.I.R.L. - PAITA. A través del diagnóstico comparativo nos ha permitido establecer la correlación entre el clima social familiar y el clima laboral. Los datos estadísticos se consiguieron a través del proceso de las encuestas realizadas a los 180 trabajadores acerca del “clima social familiar” y “clima laboral”. Los resultados denotan que no existe relación significativa con un p≥0.05 entre el clima social familiar y el clima laboral de los trabajadores operarios de la Empresa Pesquera en estudio. Se concluye que 47.10% de los trabajadores tienen un regular clima social familiar y en efecto el clima laboral es eficiente respaldado con un 44.20%.
Oluranti Olupolola Ajayi, Olajide Julius Faremi, Simeon Dele Roger
et al.
A house is an essential facility that affords an abode, provides habitation and shelter adequacies. Affordable housing presumes access to a conducive, functional, and sustainable dwelling by the majority of the people within a locality. The study investigated the factors mitigating the actualization of affordable housing for low-income masses in the selected area. Survey research was adopted for the study. The population for the study is made up of two groups comprising low-income masses and construction professionals. The study adopted a multi-sampling method. Both convenient and random sampling techniques were utilized to gather information from the respondents. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used for descriptive (frequency, percent, and mean score) and appropriate inferential analysis. Results indicated factors weighing down the provision of affordable housing as well as factors precluding accessible housing for low-income masses. Also, the response from construction professionals showed the level of agreement on factors impeding the provision of affordable housing. The trail to alleviate the effect of the non-affordability of housing for low-income masses becomes perceptible and addressed.
El presente artículo tiene como fin presentar el diseño de un sistema de evaluación del transporte público en Quito. Se propuso esta temática debido a que el sistema de transporte público en Quito y otras ciudades de Latinoamérica no ha sido planificado adecuadamente, lo cual provoca problemas en la calidad del servicio como altos tiempos de espera, incomodidad al desplazarse, inseguridad, entre otros aspectos.
Con el objetivo de ofrecer un mejor servicio se propone el diseño de una aplicación móvil, mediante la cual los usuarios podrán evaluar el servicio otorgado y a su vez los transportistas y la Alcaldía del Distrito Metropolitano de Quito tendrán acceso a esta información mediante un portal web tal que se pueda ejercer un correcto control del servicio. Se desarrolló una planificación basada en la metodología PMBOK ya que al tratarse de un ente público se requiere mayor nivel de documentación y detalle en los procesos.
Corpos Striped constitui-se em uma produção seriada de nove desenhos realizados pelo pesquisador e artista Rafael Scheibe Coutinho, a qual reflexiona aspectos devastadores presentes na sociedade contemporânea, sobretudo apregoando a figura da mulher como objeto de desejo e consumo de maneira abjeta. Para tanto, adiciona-se a esta figura uma relação insurgente com a criatura polvo, que se sobrepõe à mulher fazendo às vezes de uma vasta e repulsante cabeleira. O polvo assume metaforicamente o peso grotesco imposto pela sociedade como uma força que sufoca e transgride a feminilidade, envolvendo-a por meio de uma relação simbiótica e camuflando-se de forma capilar, transformando-a na representatividade da medusa contemporânea.
Christoph Randler, Konrad S. Jankowski, Arash Rahafar
et al.
Morningness–eveningness is the preference for different times of day for activity and sleep. Here, we addressed the effects of sleep behavior and morningness–eveningness on sociosexuality. Three hundred students ( M age = 22.75 years, with 95% between 18 and 28) participated online, answering questions about morningness–eveningness (rMEQ [Reduced Morningness–Eveningness Questionnaire]), midpoint of sleep on free days (MSF), sleep duration, and the Sociosexuality Orientation Inventory–Revised (SOI-R). The SOI-R contains three subscales, Behavior, Attitude, and Desire. Evening orientation and short sleep duration were related to a higher total SOI-R and to the three subscales. Based on the linear models, the strongest effect on sociosexuality was produced by gender (27% explained variance) while age accounted for 6% of variance. Nonadditive variance explained by sleep–wake behavior was 7% (MSF), 4% (sleep duration), and 4% (rMEQ scores; 3% rMEQ-based typology). Older age was related to less-restricted sociosexuality, and men were less restricted than women in Attitude and Desire. Sleep duration and rMEQ scores were associated with Attitude and Desire; but only MSF was significantly related to Behavior. The data show that sleep–wake variables are associated with sociosexuality, with evening orientation and shorter sleep duration being related to a less-restricted sociosexuality.
History of scholarship and learning. The humanities, Social Sciences
The work, entitled “Bakisa in Lapiak Nan Salai†is presented in order to complete the study in Post- Graduate Program on Art Study and Composition at ISI Padangpanjang. This work was performed on January 1, 2011 in the Auditorium building Bustanoel Arifin Adam ISI Padangpanjang. The idea of this work is the description of the cultural life of the community charge Singgalang Tanah Datar, West Sumatra Province are always equal and balanced between earthly life and the hereafter.
The balance can be seen in economic activity and religious traditions that are still patterned. In general, people Singgalang work in the fields or in the fields and mangilang taboo. From these observations, the phenomenon raised performer as basic starting point of departure or the creation of composition “in Lapiak Nan Bakisa Salaiâ€. were poured through both sound sources in the form of non-traditional instruments and traditions. Source of creation of this work are artt works and some of the paper, namely: Work of Elizar Koto “ Dialog Without Theme†in 2000 (the writer has role as one of the musicians), “Encari Alternative 1â€, 1994 and “Waterâ€, 1996 . The work of Pande
Made Sukerta “If Music In ....â€, in 2008, the work of M. Halim “Kraying Samailâ€, in 2007, by I Wayan Sadra titled “Droneâ€, in 2008, and works Asril Mukhtar titled “Gentaâ€, in 2010. In addition there are several posts as a source of study, namely: description of work tasks Akhitr M. Halim titled “Fanatic Bagurau Darek Minang people,†Mukhtar Asril entitled “Saluang and sang†, Suka Harjana’s writings titled “The writing of Contemporary Music, past and now, and the writing of Y.
Sumandio Hadiyo Hadi ‘The Art in Religion Ritual’. The preparation of this work done the last ten
stage works approved by the supervisor to be submitted as a final exam. The work is divided into
3 (three) parts, each of which has a different atmosphere, namely: the first part, has the atmosphere
of peace, the second part of the atmosphere has faltered, and the third had a persistent atmosphere.
Key words : “Bakisa di Lapiak Nan Salaiâ€, Singgalang.
Alvaro Alfonso Acevedo, Jessica Alejandra Chaux Lizarazo, Ubaldo Enrique Rodríguez de Ávila
La presente investigación pretende comprender las dinámicas de las relaciones de pareja dentro de la virtualidad, en sujetos jugadores del videojuego de rol multijugador masivo en línea “Perfect World” del servidor no oficial latinoamericano Comunidad Zero. El objetivo principal del estudio radica en describir las dinámicas de la relación de pareja, analizándolas desde el contexto mismo del juego mediante el uso de la etnografía virtual, profundizando en la comprensión de las interacciones afectivas entre las parejas, a través de un estudio de caso. Durante el desarrollo de la investigación, se encontraron diversas categorías relacionadas con las interacciones afectivas del pre-apego, que se manifestaron dentro de los ambientes virtuales del videojuego y que en última instancia logran simular las dinámicas del noviazgo en contextos físicos.
History of scholarship and learning. The humanities, Social sciences (General)
The paper was prepared for the 80-th anniversary of publishing of John Maynard Keynes’ “General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money”. It discusses the stages of the economist’s life, the main books written prior to "The General Theory ...". Particular attention is devoted to the development issues of the monetary policy in the works of "Indian Currency and Finance", ”A Tract on Monetary Reform” and "A Treatise on Money". A special section is dedicated to the analysis of Keynes’ methodology, its logic and structure, influenced by John. E. Moore. The paper reveals the unity and the difference in approaches of A. Marshall and John M. Keynes, and explores new categories of behavioral economics and marginal analysis, which established the success of "General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money", shows the value of Keynes's theory for the further development of macroeconomics.
Particular attention is paid to the popularization of Keynes's ideas from the initial interpretations of "The General Theory ..." to the neoclassical synthesis and further to neo-Keynesianism and post-Keynesianism. The paper studies the unity and the distinction between Hicks’ and American Keynesianism. Hicksian assumptions of a savings-investment function have determined the features of the IS-LM model. The contributions to the development of Keynesianism A. Hansen and P. A. Samuelson are also shown, as well as the history of the "Keynesian Cross". A comparative analysis of the neoclassical and Keynesian models of general economic equilibrium is given and analyzes the institutional reasons explaining differences between neoclassical and Keynesian paradigms.
A special section is devoted to the Keynesian theory of growth, showing unity and difference of R. Harrod and E. Domar models, along with their impact on the creation of Development Economics. Simplified understanding of Keynes's legacy has caused the emergence of unorthodox Keynesianism. The paper focuses on the contributions of R. Clower and A. Leijonhufvud to grasping the role of uncertainty and expectations in the original concepts of Keynes and his contributions to the study of disequilibrium economy. Finally, we investigate the contribution of post-Keynesians (J. V. Robinson, P. Sraffa and N. Kaldor), the rise and the fall of the Phillips curve, as well as the criticism of the Keynesian doctrine given by the monetarists, adherents of supply-side economics, new classical economics, the theory of rational expectations and the public choice.