Philippe Tuppin, Pauline Barthelemy, Gonzague Debeugny
et al.
Abstract Background: We investigated the mortality, social deprivation, comorbid conditions and healthcare use of Individual with Down’s syndrome (IDS) relative to the non-IDS general population. Methods: We selected 98% of the 52.4 million people <65 years of age present in the national health data system for a cross-sectional study in 2019. IDS (35,342) were identified on the basis of an ICD-10 code (Q90) for hospital diagnosis or long-term disease (LTD) status qualifying for 100% reimbursement of healthcare. Risk ratios (RR) were calculated for the comparison of frequencies between the IDS and non-IDS groups. Results: The prevalence of IDS <65 years old was 0.07% (48% were female). Mortality was high for IDS (<65 years 4.6%, RR=10.2; <1 year 4.3%, RR=18.9). The proportion of IDS was higher in the most disadvantaged quintile of municipalities than for the least disadvantaged (<1 year: 0.08% vs. 0.05%). Comorbidities were most frequent among IDS (23.9% of those <1 year old had another LTD, RR=20.1). Tumors were diagnosed less frequently among IDS (1.2%, RR=0.7), except for myeloid leukemia (0.1%, RR=4.6), lymphoid leukemia (0.2%, RR=6.1) and testicular tumors (0.3%, RR=4.5). Dementia (1.2%, RR=28.7), mental retardation (4.7%, RR=20.7), epilepsy (4.2%, RR=9.1) and cardiac malformations (5.2%, RR=52.2, especially before the age of 4 years (16%), cardiac insufficiency (1.2%, RR=6.7) and valvular disease (0.9%, RR=5.8) were more frequent in IDS. Hospital admissions were more frequent among IDS for aspiration pneumonia (0.7%, RR=89.2), respiratory failure (0.4%, RR=16.9), sleep apnea at any age (1.1%, RR=8.3), cryptorchidism (0.3%, RR=5.9), iron deficiency (0.1%, RR=1.4), protein-energy malnutrition (0.1% RR=7.5), type 1 diabetes (0.2%, RR=2.8) and hypothyroidism (0.1%, RR=71.8). IDS were more likely to have had at least one visit to the emergency room (9.1%, RR=2.4), a short hospital stay (24.2%, RR=1.6), or home hospitalization (0.6%, RR=6). They were more likely to visit certain specialists,: ENT (22.1%, RR=3.0), cardiologist (17.2%, RR=2.6), neurologist (5.1%, RR=2.4), pediatrician (2.1%, RR=3.1) and thoracic surgeons (0.3% RR=1.9). Conclusions:This study is the first detailed national study comparing IDS and non-IDS by age group, for comorbid conditions and healthcare use. These results could help to optimize counselling, prenatal healthcare and medical and social support.
In this paper, we focus on the rigidity of $C^{2+}$-smooth codimension-one stable foliations of Anosov diffeomorphisms. Specifically, we show that if the regularity of these foliations is slightly bigger than $2$, then they will have the same smoothness as the diffeomorphisms.
ZusammenfassungIm Kontext digitaler Transformation und künstlicher Intelligenz (KI) ergeben sich neue ethische Fragen. Grundsätzlich kommen zunächst Zweifel auf, ob der Begriff „künstliche Intelligenz“ adäquat ist dafür, worum es sich bei KI handelt, oder ob nicht der Begriff „datenbasierte Systeme (DS)“ präziser zu bezeichnen vermag, was Maschinen eigentlich leisten können und was technisch machbar ist. Darüber hinaus wäre die Möglichkeit zu prüfen, ob Menschen ethische Fragen und Probleme an Maschinen delegieren könnten. Schliesslich stellt sich auf der Basis der Auseinandersetzung mit diesen Fragen die Herausforderung, angesichts der Komplexität von Ethik, die ethischen Potenziale von DS entsprechend einzuordnen und zu verstehen, und damit verbunden die Verantwortung von Menschen für das Design, die Entwicklung, die Nutzung von „human rights based DS“ (HRBDS) (menschenrechtsbasierten DS) bzw. für den ethisch begründeten Verzicht von menschenrechtsverletzenden und/oder umweltzerstörenden, nicht nachhaltigen DS zu bestimmen.
We prove that a $C^1$ hyperbolic map whose differential is regular enough has an SRB measure. The precise regularity condition is weaker than H{ö}lder and was mentionned by various authors through the developement of expanding and uniformly hyperbolic dynamics.
We construct complex a-priori bounds for certain infinitely renormalizable Lorenz maps. As a corollary, we show that renormalization is a real-analytic operator on the corresponding space of Lorenz maps.
Anna Przybylska, Grzegorz Bazylak, Robert Kosicki
et al.
Patulin (PAT) is a highly genotoxic mycotoxin still found as the common contaminant of various kinds of spoiled fruits and related commodities which are often endorsed as the health-enhancing products. Thus, a fast and convenient liquid-solid extraction followed by a solid-phase cleanup with the MycoSep®228 AflaPat multifunctional column was used for the highly efficient isolation of PAT with an average recovery of 112.7% from commercial dietary supplements and herbal blends formulated with dried hawberry. Analysis of the PAT content was carried out using gradient elution with a Synergi Polar C18 column (150 × 2 mm, 4 μm) and UHPLC system equipped with a mass spectrometer. PAT was detected in all (n=14) commercial single-component dietary supplements formulated with dried hawberry belonging to Crataegus monogyna and/or Crataegus laevigata. Similarly, PAT was detected in 67% of the studied multicomponent commercial herbal blends (n=6) that contained—in addition to hawberry—different amounts of apple, chokeberry, elderberry, hibiscus, or mallow. Moreover, the PAT content was determined in the hawberry collected from the mature wild hawthorn trees belonging to three botanical species, Crataegus monogyna Jacq., Crataegus laevigata (Poiret) DC, and Crataegus rhipidophylla Gand, growing in the recreational forest areas and in the law-protected state national forest park in Poland. In conclusion, to prevent PAT accumulation and reduce the health risk of consumers in globalizing markets, the implementation of improved cultivation/processing practices of hawthorn trees and hawberry as well as increased analytical control related to the presence of PAT in dietary supplements and herbal blends formulated with fresh, dried, or frozen hawberry should be urgently recommended.
This text is an introduction to dilation surfaces. We attempt to expose some geometric and dynamical aspects of the subject: moduli spaces, directional foliations and the Teichmüller flow.
We introduce a class of bilinear localization operators and show how to interpret them as bilinear Weyl pseudodifferential operators. Such interpretation is well known in linear case whereas in bilinear case it has not been considered so far. Then we study continuity properties of both bilinear Weyl pseudodifferential operators and bilinear localization operators which are formulated in terms of a modified version of modulation spaces.
This is short tutorial on one way to calculate dN/dS ratios between pairs of protein-coding nucleic acid sequences using codeml in the PAML package. Code is intended for use on an Ubuntu 16.04 LTS OS, but it may work on other Unix or Unix-like systems. The programs used in this tutorial are: codeml in the PAML package. On a Ubuntu 16.04 LTS system it should be able to install this tool with "sudo apt install paml". http://abacus.gene.ucl.ac.uk/software/paml.html PAL2NAL. This is essentially a PERL script that you will want to have handy, either by putting it in the folder that you are working in or by putting it somewhere that is in your PATH. http://www.bork.embl.de/pal2nal/ clustal-omaga. You should be able to install this with "sudo apt install clustalo" This is a nice amino acid and nucleic acid alignement program. For purposes here your choice of aligner is not critical, so if you prefer MAFFT or Muscle or something else you can continue using those. http://www.clustal.org/omega/
This is short tutorial on one way to calculate dN/dS ratios between pairs of protein-coding nucleic acid sequences using codeml in the PAML package. Code is intended for use on an Ubuntu 16.04 LTS OS, but it may work on other Unix or Unix-like systems. The programs used in this tutorial are: codeml in the PAML package. On a Ubuntu 16.04 LTS system it should be able to install this tool with "sudo apt install paml". http://abacus.gene.ucl.ac.uk/software/paml.html PAL2NAL. This is essentially a PERL script that you will want to have handy, either by putting it in the folder that you are working in or by putting it somewhere that is in your PATH. http://www.bork.embl.de/pal2nal/ clustal-omaga. You should be able to install this with "sudo apt install clustalo" This is a nice amino acid and nucleic acid alignement program. For purposes here your choice of aligner is not critical, so if you prefer MAFFT or Muscle or something else you can continue using those. http://www.clustal.org/omega/
Conditions of the existence of solutions of linear and perturbed linear boundary value problems in the Hilbert spaces for the second order evolution equation are obtained.
The liftable centralizer for special flows over irrational rotations is studied. It is shown that there are such flows under piecewise constant roof functions which are rigid and whose liftable centralizer is trivial.
It is shown that all solutions are bounded for Duffing equation $\ddot{x}+ x^{2n+1}+\sum_{j=0}^{2n}P_{j}(t)x^{j}=0,$ provided that for each $n+1\le j\le 2n$, $P_j(t)\in C^γ(\mathbb T)$ with $γ>1-\frac1n$ and for each $0\le j\le n$, $P_j\in L(\mathbb T^1)$.
We show that Property $(A)$ of subshifts and the semigroup, that is associated to subshifts with Property (A), are invariants of flow equivalence. We show for certain $\mathcal R$-graphs that their isomorphism is implied by the flow equivalence of their $\mathcal R$-graph shifts.
This article is a discussion of some characteristic properties in connection with global models, particularly for the application of prediction, such as the approximation property, the interpolation property and the transmission property.
In this paper, we define the complex dimension of any additive subgroup of R^{n}$which generalize the euclidien dimension given for the vector space. We give an explicit method to calculate this dimension.