S. Ruhrmann, F. Schultze-Lutter, R. Salokangas
et al.
CONTEXT Indicated prevention is currently regarded as the most promising strategy to attenuate, delay, or even avert psychosis. Existing criteria need improvement in terms of specificity and individual risk assessment to allow for better targeted and earlier interventions. OBJECTIVE To develop a differential predictive clinical model of transition to first-episode psychosis. DESIGN Prospective multicenter, naturalistic field study with a total follow-up time of 18 months. SETTING Six early-detection outpatient centers in Germany, Finland, the Netherlands, and England. PARTICIPANTS Two hundred forty-five help-seeking patients in a putatively prodromal state of psychosis according to either ultra-high-risk (UHR) criteria or the basic symptom-based criterion cognitive disturbances (COGDIS). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Incidence of transition to psychosis. RESULTS At 18-month follow-up, the incidence rate for transition to psychosis was 19%. Combining UHR and COGDIS yielded the best sensitivity. A prediction model was developed and included positive symptoms, bizarre thinking, sleep disturbances, a schizotypal disorder, level of functioning in the past year, and years of education. With a positive likelihood ratio of 19.9, an area under the curve of 80.8%, and a positive predictive value of 83.3%, diagnostic accuracy was excellent. A 4-level prognostic index further classifying the general risk of the whole sample predicted instantaneous incidence rates of up to 85% and allowed for an estimation of time to transition. CONCLUSIONS The prediction model identified an increased risk of psychosis with appropriate prognostic accuracy in our sample. A 2-step risk assessment is proposed, with UHR and cognitive disturbance criteria serving as first-step criteria for general risk and the prognostic index as a second-step tool for further risk classification of each patient. This strategy will allow clinicians to target preventive measures and will support efforts to unveil the biological and environmental mechanisms underlying progression to psychosis.
Dennis V. Madrigal, Marisa B. Petalla, Sharon Rose G. Medez
et al.
High-quality early childhood care and education is essential for long-term development, yet many Child Development Workers (CDWs) lack formal academic credentials. This paper evaluates the "Certificate in ECE Program," a transformative community extension model developed through a strategic partnership between the University of Negros Occidental-Recoletos and the Guihulngan City LGU. Utilizing a multi-method approach, the study validates a six-month professionalization pathway that successfully equipped 73 CDWs with essential pedagogical competencies and instructional strategies. Findings demonstrate that the program significantly enhanced educator confidence, professional efficacy, and personal growth while fostering essential attributes like empathy and patience. Ultimately, this zero-revenue, cost-sharing model bridged critical knowledge gaps and aligned local practices with national standards. The initiative serves as a replicable blueprint for institutionalizing collaborative partnerships to permanently elevate foundational education quality in marginalized communities.
The article presents the fates of seven women from the municipality of Loška Dolina, who were more or less openly linked to the anti-revolutionary side
during World War II. Their fathers, brothers, or sons were members of the
Slovenian Home Guard, which meant most of these women already faced per-
secution during the war. After retreating to Austrian Carinthia in May 1945,
they were returned to Slovenia along with the Home Guard, specifically to
the Teharje concentration camp, and then murdered in Stari Hrastnik. Based
on archival sources as well as oral and written testimonies, the paper sheds
light on their life during the war, their deportation from home villages, their
suffering in the postwar camp, and their violent deaths.
María José López-Armada, Jennifer Adriana Fernández-Rodríguez, Francisco Javier Blanco
Control of excessive mitochondrial oxidative stress could provide new targets for both preventive and therapeutic interventions in the treatment of chronic inflammation or any pathology that develops under an inflammatory scenario, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Increasing evidence has demonstrated the role of mitochondrial alterations in autoimmune diseases mainly due to the interplay between metabolism and innate immunity, but also in the modulation of inflammatory response of resident cells, such as synoviocytes. Thus, mitochondrial dysfunction derived from several danger signals could activate tricarboxylic acid (TCA) disruption, thereby favoring a vicious cycle of oxidative/mitochondrial stress. Mitochondrial dysfunction can act through modulating innate immunity via redox-sensitive inflammatory pathways or direct activation of the inflammasome. Besides, mitochondria also have a central role in regulating cell death, which is deeply altered in RA. Additionally, multiple evidence suggests that pathological processes in RA can be shaped by epigenetic mechanisms and that in turn, mitochondria are involved in epigenetic regulation. Finally, we will discuss about the involvement of some dietary components in the onset and progression of RA.
У публікації подано чотири документи із зібрань відділу рукописів Бібліотеки Польської Академії наук у Кракові (Польща), які до цього часу не було введено до наукового обігу. У супровідному тексті проаналізовано ці документи, наведено невідомі дані щодо біографій видатних церковних і культурних діячів ХVІІ ст., вихованців Києво-Могилянської академії І. Ґізеля і А. Радивиловського.
Aisling Costello, Catherine Maunsell, Claire Cullen
et al.
Teachers, and their professional learning and development, have been identified as playing an integral role in enabling children and young people’s right to comprehensive sexuality education (CSE). The provision of sexuality education (SE) during initial teacher education (ITE) is upheld internationally, as playing a crucial role in relation to the implementation and quality of school-based SE. This systematic review reports on empirical studies published in English from 1990 to 2019. In accordance with the PRISMA guidelines, five databases were searched: ERIC, Education Research Complete, PsycINFO, Web of Science and MEDLINE. From a possible 1,153 titles and abstracts identified, 15 papers were selected for review. Findings are reported in relation to the WHO Regional Office for Europe and BZgA (2017)Training Matters: Framework of core competencies for sexuality educators. Results revealed that research on SE during ITE is limited and minimal research has focused on student teachers’ attitudes on SE. Findings indicate that SE provision received is varied and not reflective of comprehensive SE. Recommendations highlight the need for robust research to inform quality teacher professional development practices to support teachers to develop the knowledge, attitudes and skills necessary to teach comprehensive SE.
We investigate the variational principle for the gravitational field in the presence of thin shells of completely unconstrained signature (generic shells). Such variational formulations have been given before for shells of timelike and null signatures separately, but so far no unified treatment exists. We identify the shell equation as the natural boundary condition associated with a broken extremal problem along a hypersurface where the metric tensor is allowed to be nondifferentiable. Since the second order nature of the Einstein-Hilbert action makes the boundary value problem associated with the variational formulation ill-defined, regularization schemes need to be introduced. We investigate several such regularization schemes and prove their equivalence. We show that the unified shell equations derived from this variational procedure reproduce past results obtained via distribution theory by Barrabes and Israel for hypersurfaces of fixed causal type and by Mars and Senovilla for generic shells. These results are expected to provide a useful guide to formulating thin shell equations and junction conditions along generic hypersurfaces in modified theories of gravity.
Motivated by Gopal and Vetro [Iranian Journal of Fuzzy Systems, 11(3), 95-107], we introduce a symmetric pair of $β$-admissible mappings and obtain common fixed point theorems for such a pair in complete and weak $G$-complete fuzzy metric spaces. In particular, we rectified, generalize and improve the common fixed point theorem obtained by Turkoglu and Sangurlu [Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, 26(1), 137-142] for two fuzzy $ψ$-contractive mappings. We include non-trivial examples to exhibit the generality and demonstrate our results.
O presente artigo pretende construir uma leitura crítica do racismo nas relações de trabalho escravo contemporâneo pensado sob a ótica da hierarquização e a superexploração da mão-de-obra negra. A investigação trata-se com base em pesquisa bibliográfica, tendo como aporte teórico os estudos de Costa (2018), Rodrigues (2016), Fanon (1968), Oliva (2007), Harvey (2001), etc.. Temos como objetivo refletir sobre a questão racial no contexto histórico e social da reprodução do trabalho escravo na sociedade atual, bem como, problematizar suas interfaces na produção da desigualdade social, emergida com os “novos” processos de modernização em múltiplas dimensões.
Palavras-chave: Racismo. Hierarquização. Superexploração. Trabalho Escravo Contemporâneo.
The present article intends to build a critical reading of racism in the relations of contemporany slave labor thourght from the perspective of hierarchization of black labor.The investigation is based on bibliographic research, having as theoretical contribution the studies of Costa (2018), Rodrigues (2016), Fanon (1968), Oliva (2007), Harvey (2001), etc.. We ain to reflecton the racial inssue in the historical and social context of the reproduction of slave labor in today's society, as well as to problematize its interfaces in the “new” moderniztion processes in multiple dimensionis.
Keywords: Racism. Hierarchy. Overexploitation. Contemporany Slave Labor.
Le présent article entend construire une lecture critique du racisme dansles relations de travail contemporaines entre esclaves pensé dans la perspective de la hiérarchie et de la surexploitation du travail noir. L'enquête et basée sur la recherche bibliographique, ayant pour contribution thé o rique les études de Costa (2018), Rodrigues (2016), Fanon (1968), Oliva (2007), Harvey (2001), etc.. Nous cherchons à réfléchir sur la question raciale dans le contexte historique et social de la reproduction du travail esclave dans la société d'aujourd'hui, ainsi qu'á problématiser ses interfaces dans la production des inégualités sociales, qui ont émergé avec les nouveaux processus de modernisation dans de multiples dimensionis.
Mosts-clés: Racisme; Hiérarchie. Surexploitation. Travail Esclave Contemporain.
Abstract Among the traits whose relevance for plant invasions has recently been suggested are genome size (the amount of nuclear DNA) and ploidy level. So far, research on the role of genome size in invasiveness has been mostly based on indirect evidence by comparing species with different genome sizes, but how karyological traits influence competition at the intraspecific level remains unknown. We addressed these questions in a common‐garden experiment evaluating the outcome of direct intraspecific competition among 20 populations of Phragmites australis, represented by clones collected in North America and Europe, and differing in their status (native and invasive), genome size (small and large), and ploidy levels (tetraploid, hexaploid, or octoploid). Each clone was planted in competition with one of the others in all possible combinations with three replicates in 45‐L pots. Upon harvest, the identity of 21 shoots sampled per pot was revealed by flow cytometry and DNA analysis. Differences in performance were examined using relative proportions of shoots of each clone, ratios of their aboveground biomass, and relative yield total (RYT). The performance of the clones in competition primarily depended on the clone status (native vs. invasive). Measured in terms of shoot number or aboveground biomass, the strongest signal observed was that North American native clones always lost in competition to the other two groups. In addition, North American native clones were suppressed by European natives to a similar degree as by North American invasives. North American invasive clones had the largest average shoot biomass, but only by a limited, nonsignificant difference due to genome size. There was no effect of ploidy on competition. Since the North American invaders of European origin are able to outcompete the native North American clones, we suggest that their high competitiveness acts as an important driver in the early stages of their invasion.
In this work we use generalized deformed gauge groups for investigation of symmetry of general relativity (GR). GR is formulated in generalized reference frames, which are represented by (anholonomic in general case) affine frame fields. The general principle of relativity is extended to the requirement of invariance of the theory with respect to transitions between generalized reference frames, that is, with respect to the group $GL^g$ of local linear transformations of affine frame fields. GR is interpreted as the gauge theory of the gauge group of translations $T^g_M$, and therefore is invariant under the space-time diffeomorphisms. The groups $GL^g$ and $T^g_M$ are united into group $S^g_M$, which is their semidirect product and is the complete symmetry group of the general relativity in an affine frame (GRAF). The consequence of $GL^g$-invariance of GRAF is the Palatini equation, which in the absence of torsion goes into the metricity condition, and vice versa, that is, is fulfilled identically in the Riemannian space. The consequence of the $T^g_M$-invariance of GRAF is representation of the Einstein equation in the superpotential form, that is, in the form of dynamic Maxwell equations (or Young-Mills equations). Deformation of the group $S^g_M$ leads to renormalisation of energy-momentum of the gravitation field. At the end we show that by limiting admissible reference frames (by $GL^g$-gauge fixing) from GRAF, in addition to Einstein gravity, one can obtain other local equivalent formulations of GR: general relativity in an orthonormal frame or teleparallel equivalent of general relativity, dilaton gravity, unimodular gravity, etc.
The Generalized Uncertainty Principle (GUP) has been directly applied to the motion of (macroscopic) test bodies on a given space-time in order to compute corrections to the classical orbits predicted in Newtonian Mechanics or General Relativity. These corrections generically violate the Equivalence Principle. The GUP has also been indirectly applied to the gravitational source by relating the GUP modified Hawking temperature to a deformation of the background metric. Such a deformed background metric determines new geodesic motions without violating the Equivalence Principle. We point out here that the two effects are mutually exclusive when compared with experimental bounds. Moreover, the former stems from modified Poisson brackets obtained from a wrong classical limit of the deformed canonical commutators.
Flavia Maricruz Bañuelos Hernández, JUAN MARTÍN LÓPEZ CALVA
Hoy, cuando la sociedad se ve cada vez más impulsada por los avances científico- tecnológicos, es necesario que los profesionales desarrollen todas sus potencialidades para contribuir responsablemente a la transformación social. Por ello, la educación humanista brinda la esperanza de contribuir a la promoción del ser humano y su dignidad. Este texto presenta el estado del arte, planteamiento y primera versión del sustento teórico de una investigación que busca analizar las características de la práctica docente efectiva en el área de Formación Humanista en la universidad de aquellos docentes que promueven un cambio significativo en la vida de sus alumnos, o al menos en la forma de mirarla. Se pretende indagar qué hacen los docentes que promueven
cambios de actitudes y quizá de vida en los alumnos, propiciando un desarrollo personal y social. Aunque toda labor docente es formativa, estos docentes tienen un doble reto: formar e intentar concientizar de la relevancia de estas asignaturas poco aceptadas por una buena parte de los alumnos. Patiño (2012) afirma que existen evidencias de alumnos que se llevan más que conocimientos y cultura general. La investigación es relevante para la promoción de aprendizajes significativos a partir del análisis de las prácticas docentes efectivas.
Medicine is one of the famous science in Islamic Civilization among the others. There are many scholars in this
discipline. I.e. al-Razi, Ibn Sina, al-Biruni, and Ibn Rusyd. The islamic medicine has already influenced Europe civili-
zation untill 15th century
History (General) and history of Europe, Language and Literature
In 1818, the Swiss physicians Rengger and Longchamp travelled to Paraguay with the aim of studying its natural history. As a consequence of a failed murder attempt against Supreme Dictator José Gaspar Rodríguez de Francia, they were forced to stay there until 1825. Their experiences gave birth to the Ensayo histórico sobre la revolución del Paraguay. Considering the peculiarity of dictatorial rule at the beginning of the nineteenth century and the increasing importance of sentiment, the present article attempts to analyse this essay in light of the history of emotions. Beyond the dichotomy reason/emotion, the expressed feelings (fear, mistrust, honour, nostalgia, etc.) and the emerging emotional regime may legitimise or discredit the dictator.