Hasil untuk "Economics"

E. Glaeser, J. Gottlieb

Tariq Hisham Beshara Halasa, K. Huijps, Olav Østerås et al.

Rafael E. De Hoyos, Vasilis Sarafidis

E. Fehr, U. Fischbacher

C. Papadimitriou

Konrad Schroeder

Artykuł ma charakter teoretyczny, a jego celem jest omówienie czynników pozwalających na wymiarowanie pracy działów HR i określenie, czy mają one zastosowanie w każdej organizacji, bez względu na charakter jej działalności i wielkość. Treść ta ma za zadanie przybliżyć zagadnienie mierzalności działań ukierunkowanych na efektywność realizowania zadań związanych z zarządzaniem kadrami, a także zweryfikować ich znaczenie dla funkcjonowania organizacji. Celem autora jest przedstawienie zagadnienia uniwersalnego wymiarowania pracy oraz konkretnych wskaźników, które to zadanie realizują. W niniejszym opracowaniu odbiorca znajdzie informacje na temat sześciu kategorii wskaźników: rekrutacyjnych, retencji i rotacji, zaangażowania i satysfakcji, szkoleniowych i rozwojowych, absencji, efektywności kosztowej. Artykuł odnosi się do aktualnych badań realizowanych przez ekspertów z branży zarządzania zasobami ludzkimi i rekrutacji.

Sofia Alexandra Cruz, José Soeiro

Weiru Qi, Muhammad Faliq Abd Razak, Sufian Jusoh et al.

Abstract This study draws on panel data from 31 Chinese provinces for the period 2005–2022. Using the entropy-weighted TOPSIS method combined with a coupling coordination framework, it analyzes the spatial and temporal dynamics as well as regional disparities in the interaction between environmental regulation and high-quality economic development. The findings reveal that: (1) the intensity of environmental regulation at the national level exhibits an “inverted-N-shaped” trajectory, shifting from an “Eastern-led” to a “Multi-pole Collaboration” pattern; (2) high-quality economic development has grown steadily nationwide, yet notable regional imbalances persist, characterized by a spatial configuration of “strong in the East, improving in the Central region, and weak in the West”; (3) the coordination level between the two systems has shown an upward trend overall; (4) the digital economy, infrastructure development, and market vitality serve as key driving forces behind coupling coordination, while the nonlinear interactions between fiscal expenditure and other factors underscore the multiplicative effects of policy synergy and technology diffusion. this work deepens the theoretical understanding of the relationship between environmental regulation and high-quality development, while also supplying empirical findings and policy guidance to foster regional green transformation.

A. Zauberman, E. Preobrazhensky, B. Pearce et al.

Maria Vittoria Conti, Sara Santero, Chiara Breda et al.

ObjectiveIndividuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) often exhibit a low dietary diversity due to food selectivity that leads them to a marked preference for high-energy-density food, exposing them to risk of malnutrition. Despite these aspects, specific recommendations and targeted menus for this population are missing. The pilot study FOOD-AUT addresses this issue by developing canteen menus meeting the nutritional and sensory needs of adults with ASD, aiming to reduce their food selectivity, and consequently improving their health.MethodsThe project, funded by Gruppo Pellegrini S.p.A, was conducted at the daycare service of Sacra Famiglia Onlus Foundation, between March-2022 to March-2023. The study was divided into two phases. Observational phase: a comparison was made between the enrolled subjects’ nutritional needs and the nutrient content of the administered menus during the daycare service. Then mealtime compliance was assessed using standardized meal evaluation forms, both quantitative and qualitative. Intervention phase: canteen menus targeted to the individuals’ nutritional and sensory needs were administered and their acceptability was evaluated.ResultsTwenty-two individuals with ASD, aged 19–48, 72.7% males, were enrolled. Overweight and obesity prevalence were 54.5 and 18.2%, respectively. The observational phase showed how the most accepted foods had specific sensorial characteristics in line with the scientific literature. Adapting the menus improved food acceptance and reduced food waste.ConclusionThe results highlighted the need for adapted menus and greater attention to the way meals are delivered and consumed to improve nutritional status and therefore health of this population at increased risk of malnutrition.Clinical trial registrationClinicalTrial.gov, unique identifier: NCT05978895.

Юлия Александровна Коршунова

В данной статье рассматривается феномен стигматизации людей, живущих с ВИЧ, и его социально-экономические риски на примере студенческой молодёжи. Автором были проведены глубинные интервью среди студентов медицинских и не медицинских российских вузов и полуформализованный экспертный опрос. В результате глубинных интервью были выявлены стигматизирующие установки у студенческой молодёжи по отношению к людям с ВИЧ-позитивным статусом, а также проанализирована информированность студентов в области заболевания. В исследовательской работе проведено сравнение студентов медицинских и не медицинских направлений обучения. По итогам экспертного опроса была оценена эффективность мер по борьбе со стигматизацией ВИЧ в России: информирование населения по вопросам ВИЧ органами здравоохранения, средствами массовой информации; информирование детей в школах; проведение различных научных исследований по вопросам ВИЧ; международное сотрудничество и обмен информацией в рамках борьбы с ВИЧ; защита людей с ВИЧ от дискриминации на законодательном уровне. Эксперты оценили необходимость внедрения дополнительных мер, реализуемых в зарубежных странах. Были разработаны практические рекомендации по снижению социально-экономических рисков от стигматизации ВИЧ-инфицированных для Министерства просвещения, Министерства здравоохранения, Федерального собрания.

J. Newhouse, V. Taylor

P. Samuelson

C. Clark

The general economic analysis of a biological resource presented in this article suggests that overexploitation in the physical sense of reduced productivity may result from not one, but two social conditions: common-property competitive exploitation on the one hand, and private-property maximization of profits on the other. For populations that are economically valuable but possess low reproductive capacities, either condition may lead even to the extinction of the population. In view of the likelihood of private firms adopting high rates of discount, the conservation of renewable resources would appear to require continual public surveillance and control of the physical yield and the condition of the stocks.

J. Hirshleifer

THE field variously called population biology, sociobiology, or ecology is concerned to explain the observed interrelations among the various forms of life--organisms, species, and broader groupings and communities-and between forms of life and their external environments. The subject includes both material aspects of these interrelations (the geographical distributions of species in relation to one another, their respective numbers, physical properties like size differences between the sexes) and behavioral aspects (why some species are territorial while others flock, why some are monogamous and others polygamous, why some are aggressive and others

Changjin Xu, Mati ur Rahman, Dumitru Baleanu

This article analyzes the dynamical evolution of a three-dimensional symmetric oscillator with a fractional Caputo operator. The dynamical properties of the considered model such as equilibria and its stability are also presented. The existence results and uniqueness of solutions for the suggested model are analyzed using the tools from fixed point theory. The symmetric oscillator is analyzed numerically and graphically with various fractional orders. It is observed that the fractional operator has a significant impact on the evolution of the oscillator dynamics showing that the system has a limit-cycle attractor. Offset-boosting control phenomena in the system are also studied with different orders and parameters.

J. Chavas

Hasanul Banna, Md Rabiul Alam

This paper examines the nexus between digital financial inclusion (DFI) and levels of bank risk-taking, using a sample of 283 commercial banks (Islamic and conventional) from six countries over the period 2011 to 2019 and deploying panel-corrected standard errors, two-stage least squares-instrumental variables and dynamic panel two-step generalized method of moments estimators. The findings suggest that Islamic banks take more risks than their counterpart conventional banks. The empirical evidence also indicates that an increase in the DFI index score reduces the overall level of bank risktaking and increases that of banking stability for commercial and conventional banks compared to Islamic ones. A strong association between DFI and bank risk-taking suggests that DFI not only reduces the default risk, leverage risk and portfolio risk of banks, but also increases financial mobility in the sample countries. Consequently, an inclusive digitalised banking industry ensures sustainable economic growth, which is likely to help maintain financial sustainability in times of crisis such as the Covid-19 pandemic. Our results are shown to be robust by various robustness checks. The study contributes to both the Islamic and conventional banking, as well as the digital financial inclusion, literature. The findings of the study provide various policy implications for policymakers and standard-setters in the countries examined.

G. Philip, A. Hirschman

E. Silberberg, Wing Suen