Hasil untuk "Bibliography. Library science. Information resources"

Camila de Azevedo Gibbon, Patricia da Silva Neubert, Thiago Magela Rodrigues Dias

Resumo A Ciência Aberta é compreendida aqui como um ecossistema agregador de movimentos que compartilham da mesma perspectiva de abertura, transparência e colaboração da ciência. Em alinhamento com este prisma, a região latino-americana apresenta tradição na adoção de práticas e iniciativas de Ciência Aberta para potencializar sua infraestrutura científica. Desse modo, a pesquisa tem como principal objetivo analisar a publicação científica latino-americana sobre Ciência Aberta. Mais especificamente, busca-se investigar a apropriação das facetas de Ciência Aberta pelos países latino-americanos e campos do conhecimento, além de comparar as características de sua indexação entre uma base de dados regional e uma internacional. Com uma abordagem metodológica descritiva, documental-bibliográfica e quantitativa, o universo da pesquisa é composto por 1.687 artigos científicos com ao menos uma autoria afiliada a instituições latino-americanas indexados nas bases de dados Scientific Electronic Library Online e Web of Science. Com relação às temáticas de Ciência Aberta, a faceta de Ciência Cidadã foi a mais encontrada no corpus (28,47%), seguida por Acesso Aberto (23,47%). O próprio termo “Ciência Aberta” concentra apenas 9% do quantitativo analisado. Observando as facetas de Ciência Aberta com relação aos campos do conhecimento, Tecnologia (32,62%) e Ciências da Vida & Biomedicina (31,68%) são os destaques. Ao analisar as bases separadamente, Web of Science indexa artigos, principalmente, da faceta de Ciência Cidadã e Scientific Electronic Library Online de Acesso Aberto.

Fernanda de Souza Farias, Antònio Augusto Ferreira de Oliveira

Este artigo propõe uma abordagem ontológica para diferenciar dado cadastral e indício tributário no processo de desenvolvimento de um sistema cadastral nacional. A distinção entre os conceitos fortalece a governança de dados, a justiça fiscal e a função multifinalitária do cadastro, contribuindo para a efetividade de políticas públicas e para os Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável, especialmente o ODS 11. Com base no Land Administration Domain Model (ISO 19152), a proposta apoia a implantação do Sistema Nacional de Gestão de Informações Territoriais (Sinter) e do Cadastro Imobiliário Brasileiro (CIB), promovendo interoperabilidade e padronização nacional entre os múltiplos sistemas cadastrais existentes.

Angelo Martone, Alessia D’Ambrosio, Michele Ferrucci et al.

We present a detailed dataset collected via a wireless IoT sensor network monitoring three industrial centrifugal pumps (units A, B, and C) at the Italian Aerospace Research Centre (CIRA), along with the methods for data collection and structuring. <b>Background</b>: Centrifugal pumps are critical in industrial plants, and monitoring their condition is essential to ensure reliability, safety, and efficiency. High-quality operational data under normal operating conditions are fundamental for developing effective maintenance strategies and diagnostic models. <b>Methods</b>: Data were gathered by means of smart sensors measuring motor and pump vibrations, temperatures, outlet fluid pressures, and environmental conditions. Data were transmitted over a WirelessHART mesh network and acquired through an IoT architecture. <b>Results</b>: The dataset consists of eight CSV files, each representing a specific pump during a distinct operational day. Each file includes timestamped measurements of displacement, peak vibration values, sensor temperatures, fluid pressure, ambient temperature, and atmospheric pressure. <b>Conclusions</b>: This dataset supports advanced methodologies in feature extraction, multivariate signal analysis, unsupervised pattern discovery, vibration analysis, and the development of digital twins and soft sensing models for predictive maintenance optimization.

Tiiu Reimo

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Pedro Vidal Diaz

Este artigo investiga a interação entre mediação e percepção informacional de conhecimento no processo de construção da realidade por meio de sistemas de informação. Inspirado pelo conceito de "duende", como delineado pelo poeta Federico García Lorca e reinterpretado pelo autor e artista Warren Neidich, o estudo propõe uma análise da mediação informacional partindo de uma derivação conceitual do "cérebro sem órgãos", em consonância com o conceito de "corpo sem órgãos" desenvolvido por Gilles Deleuze e Félix Guattari. Ao considerar o duende como uma intensidade emergente e evasiva que permeia realidades através da variação criativa, Neidich mobiliza potências que transcendem as formas tradicionais de mediação, escapando à rigidez do modelo sinóptico de vigilância algorítmica na psique humana e nas dinâmicas sociais. A partir do conceito de “cérebro sem órgãos”, entendido como uma experimentação agonística de negociação e emergência ontológica, o artigo sugere que a prática artística pode ser compreendida como uma ética da criação em momentos de inflexão na formação de campos de imanência na produção de signos sistêmicos e classificados na arquitetura neural e informacional da sociedade contemporânea. Ao afirmar a importância da criação artística na ampliação das percepções e na mediação de novos modos de vida, o artigo argumenta que a produção cognitiva e artística se configura como um horizonte criativo e produtivo nas relações econômicas e sociais.

James Raven

 In a comparison of bibliographical approaches to Francysk Skaryna’s The Little Traveller’s Book (1522) and Erik Pontoppidan’s Natural History of Norway (1752) this article argues that attempts to write a book biography can benefit from extensive archival research as well as close physical examination of surviving copies, using new forensic technologies as well as adapting more traditional modes of investigation. Ultimately, however, the concept of ‘biography’ or ‘life cycle’ is questioned. The article examines the intellectual genesis, writing, translation, critical review, reception and collection of the Natural History as well as its extraordinary legacy – a legacy that is helpfully comparable to and distinctive from that of Skaryna’s work. Both writers moved in a world of circuits, of typographical and bibliographical innovation and comment, of travel and translation, of new and emergent accessibility to language and books – all, from their perspective, from the beneficence of God and to His glorification. Skaryna’s journey took him from Polatsk and Vilnius to Kraków and Padua, to his first Psalter and other biblical publishing in Prague and his The Little Traveller’s Book in Vilnius, to travels to Moscow, Poznan, Königsberg and back to Vilnius and Prague. As with Skaryna, Pontoppidan engaged in wide travel, also establishing far flung contacts and correspondence. Both faced constraints, and most notably the impact of war, disease, political and religious intervention and fires that destroyed cities and printing houses. Both writers were determined to write in the vernacular, Skaryna working to translate and create new type, all to make books of the Bible available in an accessible language. Skaryna contributed to the development of the Belarusian literary language just as Pontoppidan’s writing and interest in dialect contributed both to the standardization of Danish and the distinctive linguistic origins of Norwegian. Both composed prefaces to their editions, in which they emphasized that the purpose of their publishing activities was to help ordinary people, in Skaryna’s words to “become acquainted with wisdom and science.” The legacies of both diverged from literary references and directly derivative sightings of sea monsters in the case of Pontoppidan, to numerous statues and other material commemorations in the case of Skaryna who remains embroiled symbolically in different claims over national identities. The concluding assessment of whether such study can contribute to a ‘book biography’ or ‘life cycle’ is guarded, suggesting alternative concepts that might be tested. This includes the idea of a ‘book biology’ whereby, in such study of a ‘life’, a book is conceived by its intellectual creator with very specific intentions and is then transmuted by other actors and agencies into different material, visual and linguistic forms. In the case of Skaryna, the creations amounted to numerous unstable texts, variously arranged, with uncertain survival rates and relatively poor evidence of use. In the case of Pontoppidan, three more stable editions, Danish, German and English, were all also materially different and each copy reproduced in separate operations of printing and collation. Each copy pursued thereafter its own life – no more reproduction and so no book genealogy – but hugely diverse and differently influential lives. In such ways the biosphere might be renamed the bibliosphere. Some book lives were terminated in relative infancy, some moved around the world and through many hands, some mutilated, others preserved in situ and symbolically represented at anniversaries or for political and cultural ends.

Nelidov V.V.

The article provides a general evaluation of the Russian direction of Japan’s foreign policy as of late 2023 and analyzes the factors that determine its contents. It considers the speeches of the Prime Minister of Japan, the sections of the Japanese Foreign Ministry’s publications which focus on Russia-Japan relations, analyzes the state of economic ties given the sanctions imposed by Japan on Russia, and studies the place of Russia in Japan’s National Security Strategy, adopted in late 2022. The author comes to the conclusion that, despite the obvious influence of the U.S. on the Japanese position regarding Russia, one can hardly speak of Washington bluntly imposing its views on Tokyo. Rather, we find an already established consensus regarding this issue between Japan and the U.S. Meanwhile, the “foreign pressure” is not limited to interaction with the United States, as cooperation with multilateral formats of the “collective West” starts to play an increasingly important role for Japan. From the point of view of domestic politics, the situation also facilitates the continuation of Tokyo’s anti -Russian course, as, within the country, those expressing alternative points of view are de-facto subject to ostracism and “cancelling.” But, even given all these negative factors, one can still glimpse some signs of pragmatism in the Russian direction of Japan’s foreign policy. This lets one hope that, should the Ukrainian crisis be resolved, the Japanese leadership will not put obstacles in the way of normalization of Russia-Japan relations.

Yassine Hamdi, Deniz Gündüz

In image compression, with recent advances in generative modeling, the existence of a trade-off between the rate and the perceptual quality has been brought to light, where the perception is measured by the closeness of the output distribution to the source. This leads to the question: how does a perception constraint impact the trade-off between the rate and traditional distortion constraints, typically quantified by a single-letter distortion measure? We consider the compression of a memoryless source $X$ in the presence of memoryless side information $Z,$ studied by Wyner and Ziv, but elucidate the impact of a perfect realism constraint, which requires the output distribution to match the source distribution. We consider two cases: when $Z$ is available only at the decoder or at both the encoder and the decoder. The rate-distortion trade-off with perfect realism is characterized for sources on general alphabets when infinite common randomness is available between the encoder and the decoder. We show that, similarly to traditional source coding with side information, the two cases are equivalent when $X$ and $Z$ are jointly Gaussian under the squared error distortion measure. We also provide a general inner bound in the case of limited common randomness.

Izabel Lima dos Santos

Serviços e Produtos informacionais representam a essência de uma biblioteca. Partindo desse entendimento, este artigo tem como objetivo elencar e discorrer acerca de etapas necessárias ao desenvolvimento de produtos e serviços no contexto das bibliotecas. Para isso, faz-se uso da literatura técnica, tanto da Biblioteconomia quanto de áreas correlatas, bem como experiências vivenciadas pela autora durante sua atividade profissional. As etapas são elencadas e discutidas tendo por base o papel que desempenham e sua inter-relação uma com as outras durante o processo de desenvolvimento de produtos e serviços de informação.

Junjie Huang, Chenglong Wang, Jipeng Zhang et al.

Code generation models can benefit data scientists' productivity by automatically generating code from context and text descriptions. An important measure of the modeling progress is whether a model can generate code that can correctly execute to solve the task. However, due to the lack of an evaluation dataset that directly supports execution-based model evaluation, existing work relies on code surface form similarity metrics (e.g., BLEU, CodeBLEU) for model selection, which can be inaccurate. To remedy this, we introduce ExeDS, an evaluation dataset for execution evaluation for data science code generation tasks. ExeDS contains a set of 534 problems from Jupyter Notebooks, each consisting of code context, task description, reference program, and the desired execution output. With ExeDS, we evaluate the execution performance of five state-of-the-art code generation models that have achieved high surface-form evaluation scores. Our experiments show that models with high surface-form scores do not necessarily perform well on execution metrics, and execution-based metrics can better capture model code generation errors. Source code and data can be found at https://github.com/Jun-jie-Huang/ExeDS

Yucheng Liu, Lawrence Ong, Phee Lep Yeoh et al.

Information leakage to a guessing adversary in index coding is studied, where some messages in the system are sensitive and others are not. The non-sensitive messages can be used by the server like secret keys to mitigate leakage of the sensitive messages to the adversary. We construct a deterministic linear coding scheme, developed from the rank minimization method based on fitting matrices (Bar-Yossef et al. 2011). The linear scheme leads to a novel upper bound on the optimal information leakage rate, which is proved to be tight over all deterministic scalar linear codes. We also derive a converse result from a graph-theoretic perspective, which holds in general over all deterministic and stochastic coding schemes.

V. Zakharov

There were several epochs in history that have altered the life of mankind. The first epoch was when the oral text was written down. The second was when the German scribe Guttenberg invented the printing press, and the handwritten text became printed. Now text is becoming digital, and there is a natural digitalization of all spheres of human activity, including the legacy of Dostoevsky. Modern information technologies create a new type of text that not only preserves the advantages of oral, handwritten and printed text, but also acquires new capabilities. The digital text expands the range of sources, the volume of information, and stimulates new methods of studying the writer's creative work. Despite the fact that electronic libraries, which currently dominate the Internet, present digital copies of Dostoevsky's printed publications, new types of electronic publications and new tools for analyzing not only handwritten and printed, but also digital text, are emerging. The idea of Digital Dostoevsky is being implemented in Petrozavodsk University projects (since 1995), the Institute of Russian Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences (since 2016), and the University of Toronto (since 2019). Lexicographic work on Dostoevsky's vocabulary is being carried out in digital format at the Russian Language Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The article provides an overview and outlines the prospects for the development of Digital Dostoevsky. An important task of the global Digital Dostoevsky is the creation of national bibliographies and electronic libraries and publication of new sources related to the writer's life and work. It is necessary to create the conditions for optimizing and integrating the existing resources. The digital format allows to actively use new text analysis tools and information technology capabilities for research and educational purposes.

Meho Manjgo

U Gazi Husrev-begovoj biblioteci u Sarajevu se, osim bogate rukopisne, arhivske i muzejske građe, čuva i vrijedna zbirka fotografija u fondu Fototeke, koji je podijeljen na stari i novi fond. U fokusu ovog rada su fotografije iz starog fonda Fototeke, nastale u vrijeme dolaska austrougarske vlasti, kada se na ovim prostorima otvaraju prve profesionalne fotografske radnje. Cilj rada je pokušati utvrditi da li su fotografije iz starog fonda Fototeke potpisane od strane Antona Schadlera, Waltera Tauscha, Ignatza Lederera, Ivice Lisca, Nusreta Halačevića i drugih stranih i domaćih fotografa koji su dali značajan doprinos razvoju fotografije u Bosni i Hercegovini ili su nastale kasnije u skromnim fotografskim radnjama. Osim toga, u radu se na osnovu sačuvanih popisa bibliotečke građe i druge arhivske građe pohranjene u Gazi Husrev-begovoj biblioteci u Sarajevu tematizira pitanje formiranja fonda Fototeke i načina utvrđivanja obrade, klasifikacije i sistematizacije fotografija.

Robin Brochier, Frédéric Béchet

Wikipedia, the largest open-collaborative online encyclopedia, is a corpus of documents bound together by internal hyperlinks. These links form the building blocks of a large network whose structure contains important information on the concepts covered in this encyclopedia. The presence of a link between two articles, materialised by an anchor text in the source page pointing to the target page, can increase readers' understanding of a topic. However, the process of linking follows specific editorial rules to avoid both under-linking and over-linking. In this paper, we study the transductive and the inductive tasks of link prediction on several subsets of the English Wikipedia and identify some key challenges behind automatic linking based on anchor text information. We propose an appropriate evaluation sampling methodology and compare several algorithms. Moreover, we propose baseline models that provide a good estimation of the overall difficulty of the tasks.

Kok Chuan Tan, Varun Narasimhachar, Bartosz Regula

We show that both the classical as well as the quantum definitions of the Fisher information faithfully identify resourceful quantum states in general quantum resource theories, in the sense that they can always distinguish between states with and without a given resource. This shows that all quantum resources confer an advantage in metrology, and establishes the Fisher information as a universal tool to probe the resourcefulness of quantum states. We provide bounds on the extent of this advantage, as well as a simple criterion to test whether different resources are useful for the estimation of unitarily encoded parameters. Finally, we extend the results to show that the Fisher information is also able to identify the dynamical resourcefulness of quantum operations.

Arman Rahimzamani, Himanshu Asnani, Pramod Viswanath et al.

Information theoretic quantities play an important role in various settings in machine learning, including causality testing, structure inference in graphical models, time-series problems, feature selection as well as in providing privacy guarantees. A key quantity of interest is the mutual information and generalizations thereof, including conditional mutual information, multivariate mutual information, total correlation and directed information. While the aforementioned information quantities are well defined in arbitrary probability spaces, existing estimators add or subtract entropies (we term them $ΣH$ methods). These methods work only in purely discrete space or purely continuous case since entropy (or differential entropy) is well defined only in that regime. In this paper, we define a general graph divergence measure ($\mathbb{GDM}$), as a measure of incompatibility between the observed distribution and a given graphical model structure. This generalizes the aforementioned information measures and we construct a novel estimator via a coupling trick that directly estimates these multivariate information measures using the Radon-Nikodym derivative. These estimators are proven to be consistent in a general setting which includes several cases where the existing estimators fail, thus providing the only known estimators for the following settings: (1) the data has some discrete and some continuous-valued components (2) some (or all) of the components themselves are discrete-continuous mixtures (3) the data is real-valued but does not have a joint density on the entire space, rather is supported on a low-dimensional manifold. We show that our proposed estimators significantly outperform known estimators on synthetic and real datasets.

Viet Hung Tran

Variational Bayes (VB), also known as independent mean-field approximation, has become a popular method for Bayesian network inference in recent years. Its application is vast, e.g. in neural network, compressed sensing, clustering, etc. to name just a few. In this paper, the independence constraint in VB will be relaxed to a conditional constraint class, called copula in statistics. Since a joint probability distribution always belongs to a copula class, the novel copula VB (CVB) approximation is a generalized form of VB. Via information geometry, we will see that CVB algorithm iteratively projects the original joint distribution to a copula constraint space until it reaches a local minimum Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence. By this way, all mean-field approximations, e.g. iterative VB, Expectation-Maximization (EM), Iterated Conditional Mode (ICM) and k-means algorithms, are special cases of CVB approximation. For a generic Bayesian network, an augmented hierarchy form of CVB will also be designed. While mean-field algorithms can only return a locally optimal approximation for a correlated network, the augmented CVB network, which is an optimally weighted average of a mixture of simpler network structures, can potentially achieve the globally optimal approximation for the first time. Via simulations of Gaussian mixture clustering, the classification's accuracy of CVB will be shown to be far superior to that of state-of-the-art VB, EM and k-means algorithms.

John D. Monnier, Michael J. Ireland, Stefan Kraus et al.

The Planet Formation Imager (PFI) is a near- and mid-infrared interferometer project with the driving science goal of imaging directly the key stages of planet formation, including the young proto-planets themselves. Here, we will present an update on the work of the Science Working Group (SWG), including new simulations of dust structures during the assembly phase of planet formation and quantitative detection efficiencies for accreting and non-accreting young exoplanets as a function of mass and age. We use these results to motivate two reference PFI designs consisting of a) twelve 3m telescopes with a maximum baseline of 1.2km focused on young exoplanet imaging and b) twelve 8m telescopes optimized for a wider range of young exoplanets and protoplanetary disk imaging out to the 150K H2O ice line. Armed with 4x8m telescopes, the ESO/VLTI can already detect young exoplanets in principle and projects such as MATISSE, Hi-5 and Heimdallr are important PFI pathfinders to make this possible. We also discuss the state of technology development needed to make PFI more affordable, including progress towards new designs for inexpensive, small field-of-view, large aperture telescopes and prospects for Cubesat-based space interferometry.