<p>Graveyards are one of the most important archeological sources for studying past humans, which give us information about the material and spiritual cultures of different folks and human groups that lived in the past. One of these graveyards is the Sari Gol Graveyard, located 900 meters southeast of Doulân village in Râz and Jargalân city in the North Khorasan province. This graveyard in the Chandir Dam basin was explored in 2017 to save it. Excavation revealed that there is a two-story Crypt in this cemetery. Its basement part was used as a Crypt, and a room was also on top of the basement. Ten adults and two children were buried in this Crypt, and based on the available evidence, it is clear that these bodies were not buried in the Crypt. However, maybe they were placed on the Crypt floor, and the decomposing of the body was done outside the ground but inside the roofed Crypt. In addition, six graves were also explored around this Crypt, belonging to children and adults. Unfortunately, the skeletons inside these graves have been damaged due to environmental factors such as humidity and plant roots. However, the evidence shows that some people buried in this graveyard have experienced severe physical and work pressures. Also, the evidence from children's graves shows that the children's death is most likely due to an acute illness (such as infectious diseases) among them, a low level of hygiene, and a decrease in their health in this site.</p>
Delaney K. Geitgey, Anja J. Melendez, Raquel Caldeira‐Botelho
et al.
Abstract In addition to its universally known role in transferring genetic material, DNA nucleotides and nucleosides are regarded as the most ancient form of extracellular signaling molecules. This unique signaling pathway was first reported by Dr. Albert Szent‐Györgyi in 1937 and established by Dr. Geoffrey Burnstock in 1972, who coined the term “purinergic signaling.” The significance of purinergic signaling is now recognized in various cellular processes, including immune responses. With an increased understanding of how changes in immunity impact cancer progression, the groundbreaking successes of immunotherapies, and emerging challenges facing patients receiving these treatments, in this review we revisit the history of purinergic signaling, provide a comprehensive summary of its impact on immune cells, and discuss the therapeutic potential of targeting this pathway for cancer treatment.
This article analyzes importance of the Roman Catholic Church in Volhynia in the interwar period. The article reveals the process of formation of the Roman Catholic Church in Volhynia, and special attention is paid to the interwar period.
Roman Catholic centres were in Volhynia from ancient times, and have become an integral part of its history. As the city was inhabited by many different nationalities and, consequently, many different religious denominations, the city managed to maintain peace and respect for religious freedom for each of the communities. However, during the reign of the Russian Empire in Volhynia, the situation became more complicated because the tsarist government did not want to support previous agreements with the Church.
After the October coup and the war, vast territories of the Lutsk-Zhytomyr diocese were divided between Poland and Soviet Russia by a treaty signed in 1921 in Riga. As Lutsk was a part of the then Poland, in 1925 Pope Pius XI revived a separate diocese of Lutsk.
On December 14, 1925, Bishop Adolf Petro Shelonzhek was appointed Bishop of Lutsk. In particular, the figure of Adolf Petro Shelonzhek deserves special attention. The article also analyzes the life of the future bishop. From the beginning of his ministry, the Lutsk Ordinary carried out active pastoral and organizational activities. One of the greatest achievements of Adolf Petro Shelonzhek was the convening of the first diocesan synod in 200 years, which took place in 1927.
Particular importance is the description of his active work as a religious and political figure. Special attention is paid to his active pastoral work as Adolf Petro Shelonzhek was an outstanding figure in the life of the Lutsk diocese.
Macarena Lara Medina, Darío Bernal-Casasola, José Juan Díaz Rodríguez
et al.
Con motivo de la rehabilitación y reacondicionamiento del antiguo Hospicio Provincial, actual edificio Valcárcel, se llevaron a cabo entre agosto y octubre de 2018 las actividades arqueológicas preceptivas para la diagnosis del subsuelo de la edificación. En este trabajo se presentan los resultados obtenidos de dicha actividad arqueológica, así como las nuevas técnicas empleadas para la obtención de datos históricos. Se da a conocer de este modo una secuencia estratigráfica completa de época moderna estudiada desde la Arqueología, que ha permitido determinar dos fases: la más antigua asociada a la construcción; y una más reciente, de finales del siglo XVIII. Interesantísimos han sido los resultados obtenidos de los sondeos geoarqueológicos, que han permitido documentar un fondeadero de época fenicia y romana a más de 25 m de profundidad, pudiéndose reconsiderar las interpretaciones en relación a la colmatación del canal Bahía-Caleta.
Correspondence between the Sverdlovsk byzantinist, professor M. Ja. Sjuzjumov (1893–1982) and the Leningrad archeologist A. L. Jacobson (1906–1984) for the first time in a historiography is published in article. Eight letters covering the period from 1969 to 1981 are stored in the State Archive of the Sverdlovsk region. The problem of a continuity of the Byzantine city is discussed them. Specialists communicated about results of archeological excavations, scientific monographs and also about pupils and prospects of further researches. In spite of the fact that it was corresponded in the atmosphere of rough discussions, Sjuzjumov and Jacobson’s scientific views often were opposite, letters had friendly character, were full of optimistic moods.
The historical residential area of Kōm ad⁻Dikka in Alexandria has experienced morphological transformation from the ancient era until the present. Each historical period had a physical impact on the city’s urban structure that in turn struggled to survive the successive one with its different urban conception. However, the sinuous streets of this area, which probably date back to the late Egyptian Medieval period, are characterized as being the only surviving organic fabric intra⁻muros that was not altered during the Egyptian Modern period. In the absence of scientific publications regarding the history of Kōm ad⁻Dikka, this paper elaborately investigated its chronological history since the ancient era until the mid-twentieth century. Based on an in-depth investigation of historical maps and memoirs, this paper revealed the possible reasons behind the area’s extant sinuous urban form and postulated reconstructions of its urban morphology through sequential phases.
Recent efforts to internationalize the discourse on art practices in health have neglected Asian countries and China in particular. This is due to language barriers on the side of Western researchers, as well as the pilot stage and isolation of Chinese research within its own native publication platforms. Similarly, the discourse of arts in health is marked by a Euro-American perspective presenting this area of practice as a modern invention of the West. Firstly, the paper provides a sketch of the ancient medical canon to recount the Chinese history of art practices used alongside health. Next, based on a systematic review of current literature, I develop and apply an analysis grid to survey the functions of arts in health in contemporary China. Given that some art practices apply East Asian medical thought and have culture-specific functions, future research needs to investigate the non-Western world to develop cross-cultural approaches to art-in-health interventions.
Coca leaf products are an integral part of the lives of the Andean peoples from both a cultural and traditional medicine perspective. Coca is also the whole plant from which cocaine is derived. Coca products are thought to be a panacea for health troubles in regions of South America. This review will examine the toxicology of whole coca and will also look at medicinal applications of this plant, past, present, and future.
Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid
V poznoantični naselbini Grdavov hrib pri Radomljah je bil leta 1996 odkrit depo sočasnega orodja, nedvomno namenjenega obdelavi lesa. S sondiranjem in preverjanjem natančne lokacije so bile odkrite še druge naselbinske najdbe. Novost v članku predstavljata interpretacija nazobčanega polmesečastega rezila kot sestavni del sodarskega orodja (t. i. utorovnika) ter določitev namembnosti ukrivljenemu, na eni strani gibljivo vpetemu rezilu – verjetno so ga uporabljali kot sekač za obdelavo lesenih izdelkov. Orodje iz zakladne najdbe je funkcionalno poenoteno in po vsej verjetnosti predstavlja inventar poznorimske tesarske delavnice iz druge polovice 4. stoletja. S sočasnimi sorodnimi najdbami nakazuje postopen prehod k pretežno leseni gradnji v poznorimskem obdobju.