Abstract Objective: In the past decades, many different types of psychotherapy for adult depression have been developed. Method: In this meta-analysis we examined the effects of 15 different types of psychotherapy using 385 comparisons between a therapy and a control condition: Acceptance and commitment therapy, mindfulness-based cognitive behavior therapy (CBT), guided self-help using a self-help book from David Burns, Beck’s CBT, the “Coping with Depression” course, two subtypes of behavioral activation, extended and brief problem-solving therapy, self-examination therapy, brief psychodynamic therapy, non-directive counseling, full and brief interpersonal psychotherapy, and life review therapy. Results: The effect sizes ranged from g = 0.38 for the “Coping with Depression” course to g = 1.10 for life review therapy. There was significant publication bias for most therapies. In 70% of the trials there was at least some risk of bias. After adjusting studies with low risk of bias for publication bias, only two types of therapy remained significant (the “Coping with Depression” course, and self-examination therapy). Conclusions: We conclude that the 15 types of psychotherapy may be effective in the treatment of depression. However, the evidence is not conclusive because of high levels of heterogeneity, publication bias, and the risk of bias in the majority of studies.
This paper explores the complex emotional and cultural terrain navigated by 28 parents of children diagnosed with autism or ADHD, weaving their narratives with the author’s lived experience as both a systemic practitioner and mother. Through reflective group sessions and therapeutic tools such as board games and genograms, parents found space to externalise blame, rediscover agency, and build supportive community. The research challenges conventional clinical models by centring parental emotion, trauma, and intergenerational legacy, offering a re-humanised lens for practitioners, educators, and policy makers. It calls for a shift from diagnosing dysfunction to understanding systemic patterns, advocating for empathy-led practice that listens not only to the child, but to the stories that surround them.
The article is devoted to the empirical substantiation of emotional resilience in the experience of war witness trauma on a sample of student youth. The purpose of the presented material is to empirically explicate the peculiarities of emotional resilience in the experience of war witness trauma. The basis is the methods of a bibliographic review of empirical sources on this issue, from 2015 to 2024, and empirical methods using diagnostic methods (Connor-Davidson Resilience Inventory Scale (CD-RISC), Symptom Questionnaire (SLR-90-R); Rogers-Diamond Socio-Psychological Adaptation Questionnaire, Plutchik-Kellerman-Conte Questionnaire; K. Izard; R. Janov-Bulman Basic Beliefs Scale; R. Tadeshi and L. Calhoun Posttraumatic Growth Questionnaire); statistical tools (data standardisation or z-transformation procedure, discriminant analysis, nonparametric Mann-Whitney test, factor analysis, multiple regression analysis). The results include a methodological presentation of theoretical assumptions about the conditionality of the experience of war witness trauma by real indicators of a person's mental state and indicators of emotional stability, which in the psychological alliance is a powerful personal resource for surviving the emotionally stressful situation of war. The developed empirical research programme and the set of methods used for mathematical processing of the research results made it possible to identify personal symptom complexes of emotional resistance for students with high and medium levels of stress resistance. The psychological profile of students with a high level of stress resistance is determined by the adaptive qualities of flexibility of thinking and behaviour, self-organisation and prosocial interaction with other people; and the psychological profile of students with an average level of stress resistance is characterised by purposefulness, a pronounced sense of justice, awareness of personal responsibility for life circumstances and the desire for dominance. The conclusions indicate that the results obtained can be successfully used by psychologists in the education system to monitor the psychological recovery and post-traumatic growth of students.
Algunas propuestas prepsicoanalíticas de Nietzsche describen la crueldad y el miedo, como los principios occidentales de humanización. En consecuencia, por negación, es construida la identidad de un “Otro” animal, no humano, temido, e inferiorizado valorativamente. En este animal quedan representados los valores naturales e instintivos de los que el humano toma distancia. Con la muerte, material y simbólica, de aquel animal, se construye y enaltece “lo humano”. De acuerdo con las formulaciones psicológicas del pensador alemán, es necesaria una transvaloración de los principios occidentales de humanización, para preservar aquello que, siendo vida, nos muestra lo Real y divino de nuestra animalidad.
La precariedad se ha convertido a lo largo de las décadas en un significante maestro con una diversidad infinita: se habla, así, de precariedad económica, social, existencial..., lo que convierte esta palabra en un concepto universal. Nuestro objetivo es cuestionar clínicamente esta precariedad, no como la clínica del hombre en situación de desprendimiento, inestabilidad o inseguridad, sino como paradigmática del Hombre contemporáneo. Pascal inauguró este modelo antropológico en la formulación de su apuesta, testimonio de una relación del sujeto con un Real de goce precario. La colusión de los discursos de la ciencia y del capitalista completa la apuesta de Pascal con las probabilidades y el gobierno a través de los números, hasta el punto de poder decir que esta lógica no produce la precariedad, sino que más bien la condiciona. El Real ahora regresa en formas más radicales, empujando al sujeto de nuestra modernidad a conductas de llamado a un Otro del que ya no se espera ninguna respuesta. El Hombre precario en sus apuestas (inconscientes) ahora flota como una prenda de vestir sobre un personaje inacabado, agitándose en el escenario de lo aleatorio.
Beauty is often closely linked with physical appearance in the current digital era. Prevailing beauty standards in society presuppose certain criteria for beauty, making adherence to these standards the primary basis for assessing one's body image. This study aims to provide an overview of the body image perceptions among women who struggle with acne or "acne fighters." This qualitative research adopts a phenomenological design. Participants were purposively selected using the purposive sampling method. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Findings indicate that women who are acne fighters are dissatisfied with their physical condition, depicting their appearance as unattractive and failing to meet prevailing beauty standards within their social environment. This dissatisfaction leads to decreased self-confidence and negative impacts on social relationships. The study also identifies that one of the main contributing factors to the formation of negative body image is the normalized beauty standards prevalent in society.
Aliaksandr Kazlou, Kateryna Bornukova, Aidan Wickham
et al.
Abstract The chronic and acute effects of stress can have divergent effects on health; long-term effects are associated with detrimental physical and mental health sequelae, while acute effects may be advantageous in the short-term. Stress-induced analgesia, the attenuation of pain perception due to stress, is a well-known phenomenon that has yet to be systematically investigated under ecological conditions. Using Flo, a women’s health and wellbeing app and menstrual cycle tracker, with a world-wide monthly active usership of more than 57 million, women in Ukraine were monitored for their reporting of stress, pain and affective symptoms before, and immediately after, the onset of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict. To avoid potential selection (attrition) or collider bias, we rely on a sample of 87,315 users who were actively logging multiple symptoms before and after the start of the war. We found an inverse relationship between stress and pain, whereby higher reports of stress predicted lower rates of pain. Stress did not influence any other physiological symptoms with a similar magnitude, nor did any other symptom have a similar effect on pain. This relationship generally decreased in magnitude in countries neighbouring and surrounding Ukraine, with Ukraine serving as the epicentre. These findings help characterise the relationship between stress and health in a real-world setting.
Mishal Nadeem, Muhammad Asim Arif, Aneeqa Manzoor
et al.
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic is one of the most catastrophic events that mankind has seen in the 21st century. It imposed a massive psychological strain on every segment of the population, especially on health care providers who were and are exposed to elevated infection risks.
Objective: To assess the frequency of stress, anxiety and depression among Physical therapists and their coping strategies during COVID-19.
Methods: A cross-sectional observational study of 189 Physical therapists was undertaken in the 3rd COVID-19 wave during May and June. The questionnaire contained demographic information as well as inquired whether or not the respondents were contacted by COVID-19 patients at their workplace. DASS–21 was used to investigate the frequency of stress, anxiety, and depression and a 12-item checklist of the preferred coping strategies was completed by physical therapists, and results were analyzed by SPSS-21. The study was completed within 4 months.
Results: Among 189 physical therapists with a mean age of 27±3.34, 78 (41.3%) were males and 111 (58.7%) were females. Fifty (26.4%) of the participants reported moderate to severe depression levels. Fifty-seven (30.2%) reported moderate to severe anxiety levels and sixty-nine (36.5%) reported moderate to severe stress levels. The most commonly utilized coping strategy among all physical therapists was "taking protective measures (washing hands, wearing masks and measuring temp.)” during this pandemic.
Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic seems to have a substantial negative impact on the physiotherapist’s mental health. A significant percentage of them reported negative emotional states, despite the declining positivity ratio in COVID during the months of data collection. These results indicate that mental health should not be overlooked in the event of a pandemic, and physical therapists should be provided with psychological support, with an emphasis on effective coping strategies during this pandemic.
Keywords: COVID-19; Physical therapists; Stress; Anxiety; Depression; Coping strategies
Vocational rehabilitation. Employment of people with disabilities, Therapeutics. Psychotherapy
The efficacy of psychotherapy is now well-established, and research has provided strong evidence for several change factors, such as the therapeutic relationship, insight, corrective experiences, and reality testing (Goldfried, 2019). Increased understanding of the therapeutic change process has been a notable advance in psychotherapy, but an agreed view of the nature and causality of psychological problems has eluded the psychotherapeutic professions. The dominant medical paradigm within psychiatry and psychology asserts a predominantly neurobiological basis for psychological problems while humanist and relational paradigms prefer a broader and meaning-oriented basis for understanding such problems. This paper provides a review of one alternative conceptual framework, the Power Threat Meaning Framework (PTMF) developed by the British Psychological Society. While the PTMF offers a comprehensive alternative method for conceptualising mental health, it does not provide a specific practice roadmap. The framework’s authors encourage therapists to apply the PTMF in conjunction with their own theoretical preferences. In this paper, I have two aims: the first, to outline and examine the principles inherent within the PTMF, and the second, to provide an example of how the PTMF might be operationalised using an existing theoretical model, self-discrepancy theory (SDT). While the principles of the PTMF can be integrated with a host of theories of psychotherapy, SDT is utilised here as an heuristic to demonstrate the utility of the PTMF.
The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between compassion fatigue and stress coping styles in psychologists working with disadvantaged groups and to examine to what extent depression, anxiety and stress predict compassion fatigue. Comparative analyses were conducted on the demographic characteristics of the participants in their coping styles with compassion fatigue and stress. The study was conducted with the Demographic Data Form, Professional Quality of Life Scale, Ways of Coping with Stress Scale and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale. These were administered to 300 psychologists, 252 of whom were women (84%), 48 of whom were men (16%), and who ranged in age from 22 to 65 (M = 29.82, SD=6.0) and lived in Istanbul, Izmir, and Bursa. It was found that the coping styles of psychologists working with disadvantaged groups had a predictive effect on compassion fatigue. Also, depression, anxiety and stress were found to be predictors of compassion fatigue. When the demographic characteristics were examined, it was found that the levels of compassion fatigue and coping styles differed according to gender and duration of work in the profession.
This article presents findings from the author’s doctoral research into psychotherapists’ perceptions of their moments of self-awareness and epiphanies. Following a review of existing research on this phenomenon, the author used a reflexive, hermeneutic phenomenological approach to analyze textual data, including interview transcripts, generated by seven experienced psychotherapists. The author also drew on a written account of her own experience of the phenomenon in order to strengthen the transparency of the study and aid interpretation. Data analysis suggested that, for therapists, manifested moments of self-awareness encompassed four existential dimensions: spatiality, corporeality, temporality and relationality. Five major themes emerged: ‘Spontaneous clarity - A new reality dawns’; ‘Cross the conscious threshold - Makes the truth much bigger’; ‘Inner knowingness manifests’; ‘Tipping point’; and ‘Vacillation’. This research adds to existing literature in highlighting this phenomenon with a greater breadth and depth of clarity. Hermeneutic phenomenology encouraged a nuanced understanding of an epiphany with the sense of crossing a threshold into a conscious space. In addition, the high degree of body connectedness therapists experienced in such moments and how it displayed its own idiosyncratic sense of time added further knowledge on this topic. The idea of oscillating awareness, where the therapists experience a flux between the cultivation of consciousness and retreating from awareness, supplements the current literature.
Sobre la obra de Powerpaola.
Powerpaola
Artista plástica, historietista y dibujante. Estudió Artes Plásticas en Bellas Artes de Medellín, Expresión Artística en la Pontificia Universidad Javeriana de Cali y Grabado y Encuadernación en el College of Fine Arts en Sydney Australia. Ganadora de las residencias artísticas La Cité Internationale des Arts, París (2003- 2005) y Firstdraft Gallery, Sydney (2007). Ganadora del proyecto “En Vitrina” en Lugar a Dudas, Cali. Realizó un club de dibujo en el Amazonas por dos meses gracias a la beca de la Fundación Gilberto Alzate Avendaño. Ha expuesto sus diarios de viaje, dibujos y pinturas en Nueva York, Bogotá, Sao Paulo, Sydney, Milán, Buenos Aires, Santiago de Chile, Lima y París, entre otros, y en ferias como La Fiac, Arco y Slick, y una muestra individual, “De frente me escondo”, en el Museo La Tertulia de Cali (2008). Autora de Virus Tropical, Por dentro/ Inside, Diario de Powerpaola, qp (Éramos Nosotros), Todo Va a Estar Bien, Nos Vamos y el libro de artista Amazonas editado por Artedos Gráfico. Hace parte del libro An Illustrated life de Danny Gregory. Hace parte del colectivo Chicks On Comics, No Tan Parecidos y La Casa Telepática. Publicó por 11 años una tira mensual en la revista cultural Arcadia (Colombia). Directora artística del largo animado Virus Tropical basado en su novela gráfica.
e-mail: diagnosticos@gmail.com
El artículo trabaja una de las narraciones más frecuentadas de Jorge Luis Borges: “Emma Zunz”. Indaga los enigmas de la protagonista considerándola una plataforma giratoria en la cual se sitúa el padecimiento del ultraje de una hija asediada entre la muralla de la culpa y la espada de odio vengativo. Despejando esos enigmas es posible entender la afirmación del autor: “la muerte de su padre era lo único que había sucedido en el mundo, y seguiría sucediendo sin fin”. Su sacrificio vengativo deja a la protagonista encadenada, congelada para siempre en el odio, sin recibir el castigo de la justicia humana, pero sometida irremediablemente a la mortificación del superyó y la culpa muda.
Inspired by watching a group of children playing freely during their summer holidays, in this essay I am drawing parallels between the activities of playing and improvisation with learning and participatory action in our relational contexts. I am looking at improvisational participatory activity as key to learning, development and growth. Through the mentioning of the four stages of competence model, I am discussing how "mathematising" expert knowledge and competence in terms of stages of advancement, evaluation measures and de-contextualised accounting systems, may weaken our abilities for intuitive, spontaneous improvisations in our relational activities and restrict learning from within the doing and development of practice knowledge.
The article contains the description of the phenomenon of fixed imagination as a system-forming element in the personality dependence system. The psychological essence of the influence of the catathymic imagination on personal behavior is determined. The features of the fixed imagination in the formation of dependence on the addictive agent as well as its connection to the process of thinking and emotional and motivational sphere are analyzed. The role of the fixed imagination at different stages of the formation of the addictive process, and the specific features of the fixed imagination as a mechanism of addiction occurrence in adolescence is presented. The psychological role of the ritual of transition as a significant factor in the rehabilitation of addicted individuals is pointed out.
Salah satu hambatan yang dialami oleh mahasiswa tahun pertama adalah kesulitan beradaptasi dari lingkungan terdahulu dengan lingkungan yang baru. Untuk itu tentu perlu suatu pencegahan terhadap penyakit mental serta meningkatkan hal yang positif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mrngujicobakan konseling kelompok teknik restrukturing kognitf untuk meningkatkan resliensi akademik mahasiswa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimen, desain randomized pretest-postest control group design dengan melibatkan siswa 7 orang yang dipilih secara purposive random sampling dari 118 maahasiswa tahun pertama. Instrumen penelitian diadopsi dari Design My Future (DMF). Hasil analisis dengan menggunakan uji Paired Sample T-tes menunjukan bahwa konseling kelompok teknik restrukturing kognitf efektif untuk meningkatkan resliensi akademik mahasiswa (t(1,6)=14,1 p<0,05). Hasil peneltian menunjukan bahwa konseling kelompok teknik restrukturing kognitif efektif untuk meningkatkan resliensi akademik hal ini didasarkan atas pengaruh yang signifikan teknik restrukturing kognitif efektif untuk meningkatkan resliensi akademik mahasiswa UIN Raden Fatah Palembang.
There are a variety of explanations regarding coping with violence against women which has negative effects on victims as well as perpetrators and related environment. These explanations have evolved from descriptions of women as passive victims in response to violence to descriptions of women as active individuals attempting to survive. The Intimate Partner Violence Strategies Index (IPVSI) is an index that follows these contemporary descriptions. The Turkish Adaptation of the IPVSI was carried out in this study. The IPVSI, The Revised Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS), the Ways of Coping Inventory (WOC) and the Two-dimensional Social Desirability Scale (SDS) were used in the study that analyzed data from 96 participants. Findings revealed that ordering of IPVSI dimensions as for frequency of use was placating, resistance, informal networks, legal, formal networks, and safety planning whereas as for helpfulness ratings were formal networks, legal, informal networks, safety planning, placating, and resistance. The IPVSI dimensions were related to the CTS subscales but not to any subscales of the WOC and most of the subscales of the SDS. Findings regarding the frequency of use and the CTS dimensions were parallel with the literature. It was observed that the Turkish women find public realm strategies more helpful compared to private realm strategies. Inquiry of the relationship of the IPVSI dimensions with other coping scales in future studies will present valuable information. We hope the index adds support to academic and field studies and interventions.