<p>Conventional textile screen printing processes have supported the fashion industry for centuries. With the advancement of digital technologies and the consumer purchase behavior shift to fast fashion and sustainable fashion methods, the industry’s printing needs are evolving, and manufacturers of digital textile printing devices are innovating to meet this demand. An overview of digital textile printing technologies will be given.</p> <p>As we re-emerge from the global pandemic of 2020, there is a significant growth prediction for the worldwide digital print textile market. Allied Market Research projects the value to quadruple to $8.8 billion by 2027. Research and Markets predicts a CAGR of 9.37% and estimates that the global digital textile printing market will reach $1.66 billion by 2026. The research paper will examine the technological advances in digital textile printing and the driving market forces influencing its growth momentum.</p> <p>Factors impacting the expansion in digital textile printing include agility and speed to market, cost-effective production processes, near-shore production, local material sourcing, increased creative application opportunities such as photorealistic reproduction quality and sustainable initiatives. Even conventional screen printers retrofit their equipment to support increased demand and speed in the printed textile market.</p> <p>With sustainability at the forefront of operations and corporate social responsibility, advancing digital textile printing methods point to more sustainable fashion production. A closer look at the environmental impact of digital textile printing methods will be explored to evaluate the promoted benefits.</p>
<p>Conventional textile screen printing processes have supported the fashion industry for centuries. With the advancement of digital technologies and the consumer purchase behavior shift to fast fashion and sustainable fashion methods, the industry’s printing needs are evolving, and manufacturers of digital textile printing devices are innovating to meet this demand. An overview of digital textile printing technologies will be given.</p> <p>As we re-emerge from the global pandemic of 2020, there is a significant growth prediction for the worldwide digital print textile market. Allied Market Research projects the value to quadruple to $8.8 billion by 2027. Research and Markets predicts a CAGR of 9.37% and estimates that the global digital textile printing market will reach $1.66 billion by 2026. The research paper will examine the technological advances in digital textile printing and the driving market forces influencing its growth momentum.</p> <p>Factors impacting the expansion in digital textile printing include agility and speed to market, cost-effective production processes, near-shore production, local material sourcing, increased creative application opportunities such as photorealistic reproduction quality and sustainable initiatives. Even conventional screen printers retrofit their equipment to support increased demand and speed in the printed textile market.</p> <p>With sustainability at the forefront of operations and corporate social responsibility, advancing digital textile printing methods point to more sustainable fashion production. A closer look at the environmental impact of digital textile printing methods will be explored to evaluate the promoted benefits.</p>
The textile dyeing industry is a crucial sector in global manufacturing, but it is also one of the most resource-intensive, consuming significant amounts of water, energy, and chemicals. This research paper presents an experimental evaluation of various dyeing techniques aimed at improving efficiency while minimizing environmental impact. Laboratory tests were conducted on low-liquor ratio dyeing, ultrasonic and plasma-assisted dyeing, enzymatic treatments, and digital printing. The study compares these techniques based on dye uptake, water and energy consumption, and environmental impact. The findings suggest that advanced dyeing technologies significantly reduce resource usage while maintaining fabric quality. The paper concludes by recommending sustainable practices and future directions for enhancing dyeing efficiency.
Nowadays, where the use of biological materials is increasing, the antimicrobial activities of ethanol, methanol, and acetone extracts of silk from the species Agelena labyrinthica (Clerck, 1757) (Agelenidae) and the acetone extract of silk from the species Holocnemus pluchei (Scopoli, 1763) (Pholcidae), which produces insufficient silk, have been studied. Extracts from both spider species were tested against three Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27,853), Klebsiella pneumonia (ATCC 700,603), and Escherichia coli (ATCC 25,922)), one Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25,923)), and one yeast (Candida albicans (ATCC 90,028)). It was determined that the inhibition zone diameters created by H. pluchei silk acetone extract against E. coli, P. aeruginosa, and K. pneumonia during 24-h incubation period (14 ± 0.1 mm, 11 ± 0.2 mm, 6.5 ± 0.5 mm, respectively) were greater than those created by A. labyrinthica acetone extract (12 ± 0.2 mm, 7 ± 0.0 mm, 6 ± 0.1 mm, respectively). However, it was found that H. pluchei silk acetone, A. labyrinthica ethanol, and methanol extracts had no antimicrobial activity against S. aureus, but A. labyrinthica silk acetone extract created an inhibition zone diameter of 9.5 ± 0.5 mm. Accordingly, it was determined that the antimicrobial activities of spider silks varied depending on the spider species and the solvent used to obtain the silk extract.
Science, Textile bleaching, dyeing, printing, etc.
Mohamed Fnides, Salah Amroune, Ahmed Belaadi
et al.
This study focuses on improving the mechanical properties of Date Palm Fiber (DPF) by modeling and optimizing these properties through Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). A Taguchi experimental design (L16) was employed to optimize the key parameters, including NaOH concentration (ranging from 0.5% to 3%), treatment duration (spanning 12–96 hours in 24-hour intervals), and fiber diameter (between 350 and 650 µm). Tensile tests were conducted to pinpoint the parameters that significantly enhance performance. The results reveal that alkalization has a substantial effect on DPF’s strength, deformation, and Young’s modulus. The empirical data demonstrates high model accuracy, with an R2 value of 94.64%. The ε (%) model shows an R2 of 93.49%, while the σ (MPa) model achieves an R2 of 90.63%. The concentration of NaOH plays a crucial role, contributing 19% to strain ε (%), 16.11% to stress σ, and 17.42% to Young’s modulus E. These findings suggest that DPF, after alkalization, becomes highly suitable for various industrial applications. Treatment time has a relatively minor influence (4.66% to 4.07%), and fiber diameter has a negligible effect.
Science, Textile bleaching, dyeing, printing, etc.
This work investigates the potential application of sustainable materials based on thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) polymers reinforced with cellulose derived from environmentally friendly hemp. The increasing cultivation of hemp and the resulting waste, such as cannabinoid extraction residues, prompted an exploration of hemp-based materials for various applications. Ethylene-norbornene copolymer, widely used in packaging, was chosen as polymer matrix. Various hemp derivatives, including fibers and shives, were incorporated to enhance the bio-based content of the material. The study focused on the effect of two commonly used surface modifiers for cellulosic materials: maleic anhydride and N-2-aminoethyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane. Both modifiers were used to enhance the interfacial adhesion between the polymer matrix and the filler, while inducing a partial hydrophobization of the bioadditive. This research presents a novel approach using hemp shives as biofillers for TPE-based polymeric materials, facilitated by their facile mechanochemical modification. The modified fillers and resulting composites were subjected to a comprehensive series of mechanical, thermal, spectroscopic and microscopic analyses, complemented by measurements of surface free energy changes. The resulting materials demonstrated a significant increase in the initial thermal decomposition temperature and enhanced dispersion of the modified biofiller withinthe polymer matrix. These findings indicate their potential for use in flexible and environmentally sustainable packaging materials.
Science, Textile bleaching, dyeing, printing, etc.
The dynamic failure behavior of multifilament high-performance yarns plays a crucial role in determining the impact resistance of advanced materials used in diverse applications such as aerospace, automotive, and protective textiles. The falling tower setup was designed to investigate the impact behavior of high-performance yarns. These models offer valuable insights into the fundamental mechanisms governing yarn failure. The force-time curves of different yarn samples under various impact energies show that Kevlar and Vectran ® have the highest values of impact-resisting force, 21.9 and 21.6 N, respectively. The resisting impact energy reaches between 3.5 and 4 mJ. Enhancement of the multifilament yarn’s impact resistance was achieved through applications of silicone finishes or hybrid yarns, in which the impact resistance force and time to failure exhibited an increase across various yarn types. The ratio of impact yarn resisting force to yarn tenacity was determined to be 6.73%, 6.05%, 11.29%, and 1.71% for Vectran, Kevlar 29, polyester, and carbon yarns, respectively. Additionally, their specific yarn impact toughness was measured at 2.69, 1.32, 0.54, and 0.16 mJ/tex. The application of a 20% silicon coating increased their specific yarn impact toughness to 11.81, 5.79, 3.58, and 0.51 mJ/tex, respectively. Hybrid continuous fibers are composite materials that blend various fiber types, including carbon, Kevlar, Vectran ® , or polyester, to form a material with enhanced impact absorption energy, such as in the case of Kevlar/PET or Carbon-PET. The outcomes of these investigations substantially contribute to enhancing multi-filament high-performance yarns in various practical applications in systems subjected to dynamic loads.
Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials, Chemical technology
The aim of this work is to extract and characterize the new natural Artocarpus altilis bark fiber (AABF). The density of AABF is identified as 986 kg/m3 and chemical analysis confirmed cellulose 60.45 wt%, hemicellulose 10.73 wt%, and lignin 15.28 wt%. Single fiber tensile test indicates the tensile strength as 257 MPa with strain rate of 3.54%. The presence of chemical functional groups in the fibers was identified by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis ensured that the Crystallinity index (CI) as 52.2% and crystalline size (CS) 10.26 nm. Thermo Gravimetric analysis (TGA) shows the thermal stability of AABF as 228°C with kinetic activation energy 77.018 kJ/mol. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis investigates the surface morphology and its roughness parameters are analyzed through Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) analysis. The results obtained revealed that AABFs are suitable for reinforcement in polymer composites and that can be applied for lightweight applications.
Science, Textile bleaching, dyeing, printing, etc.
A significant increase in the consumption of recycled fiber products has been observed worldwide, and the industry is forced to solve the challenges of recycled fiber quality and add strength agents and/or virgin fibers to reach sufficient properties. In order to investigate whether the mechanical and air permeability properties of waste fiber (WF) material can be significantly improved by adding wood kraft fibers (KF), hemp soda fibers (HF), and ammonium persulfate oxidated cellulose nanofibrils (CNF), different fiber blends were prepared and tested. Results revealed the excellence of hemp fibers over wood fibers regarding the improvement of WF products. The results of WF after the addition of 10% mixed fibers (KF + HF) were higher than the results of a 50% KF addition. The impact of CNF depended on fiber composition and properties. A formula for modeling the CNF impact on different fiber compositions was proposed. Obtained fiber material samples showed suitability for home composting, thus contributing to the goals of the European Green Deal regarding reducing landfill waste and the development of cleaner products.
Chemicals: Manufacture, use, etc., Textile bleaching, dyeing, printing, etc.
Debasis Chattopadhyay, Arijit Chakraborty, S. M. Chatterjee
Five layers, i.e. floss, upper, middle, lower and pelade, exist in cocoon shell from outer to inner portion. An attempt has been made for assessment of microstructural characteristics of eri silk fiber in different layers of cocoons. Wide angle x- ray diffraction assessment revealed increase of crystallinity as well as degree of orientation and decrease in crystal size besides lattice spacing remains at par from floss to pelade layers. So, there is an improvement of single fibre tenacity and initial modulus from outer to inner position of cocoon’s shell. AFM assessment depicts increase in surface roughness of silk fibre from floss to pelade portion as observed from surface topography and root mean square average (Rq) of height deviation values. Descending trend of single fibre length and diameter were observed from floss to pelade layers along with significant reduction in lower and pelade layers vis-à-vis floss, upper and middle layers. Fibre quality index (FQI) can be measured from average single fibre length, fibre fineness and tenacity in five different layers. Expression has been derived for prediction of yarn tenacity from FQI and yarn count and good correlation exists between predicted and actual values.
Science, Textile bleaching, dyeing, printing, etc.
Abstract As a part of material culture, clothing embodies the cultural specificity based on the influence of that culture on individuals. The cultural value model of Hofstede broadly describes the dimensional characteristics of each country. At the same time, the proximity of clothing to a self-scale represents the level of psychological closeness of clothing to identity. Even though it is theoretically correct that these two concepts—culture and clothing that expresses one’s self—are related, few studies have highlighted this connection. In this study, we investigated the effect of cultural values on how the individuals involve their clothing with their social identity by focussing on the differences between two culturally different countries: South Korea and Mongolia. Quantitative surveys from 179 in South Korea and 262 in Mongolia and t-tests showed cultural differences in both countries’ individualism and indulgence vs their restrained disposition. The multiple regression analysis results revealed that uncertainty avoidance and indulgence correlate with three dimensions in the proximity of clothing to self: clothing to self as structure, clothing as a response to others’ judgements, and clothing-related to self-esteem. The moderating effect of each country was not found. This result implies that knowing the cultural values of a particular group can infer their clothing consciousness. Thus, when fashion companies target millennial women in South Korea and Mongolia and establish a more significant presence abroad, examining a country’s or a group’s culture helps identify the target market's clothing perceptions.
Textile bleaching, dyeing, printing, etc., Social Sciences
Anton V. Bourdine, Vladimir A. Burdin, Oleg G. Morozov
This article proposes an advanced algorithm for the numerical solution of a coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equations system describing the evolution of a high-power femtosecond optical pulse in a single-mode polarization-maintaining optical fiber. We use the algorithm based on a variant of the split-step method with the Madelung transform to calculate the complex amplitude when executing a nonlinear operator. In contrast to the known solution, the proposed algorithm eliminates the need to numerically solve differential equations directly, concerning the phase of complex amplitude when executing the nonlinear operator. This made it possible, other things being equal, to reduce the computation time by more than four times.
Chemicals: Manufacture, use, etc., Textile bleaching, dyeing, printing, etc.
In this study, the effect of the environmentally friendly slaked lime solution on the tensile strength of maize stem fibers was investigated and compared with the tensile strength obtained with a 3% wt NaOH and 10% wt NaHCO3 solutions. Maize fibers from dried stems were manually extracted, cleaned, and treated with the respective three solutions at different soaking periods. The results showed that a maximum increase in tensile strength of 165.1% was obtained with the NaOH treatment (at 24 hours) followed by an increase of 107.1% (at 21 hours) for the Ca(OH)2, and a 46.6% (at 18 hours) increase for the NaHCO3 treatment. Analysis of the FTIR spectra revealed that the significant improvement in the tensile strength for the NaOH treatment is attributed to the partial transformation of cellulose I to cellulose II. However, the increase in the strength of the Ca(OH)2-treated fibers has been attributed first, to the significant reduction in the fiber cross-sectional area, second, to the removal of specific amorphous constituents such as hemicellulose, and to the formation of a stable calcium pectinate layer, which improves the fiber’s resistance to fracture.
Science, Textile bleaching, dyeing, printing, etc.
George Manos, Konstantinos Katakalos, Vassilios Soulis
et al.
A popular water pipe system used in many countries is one formed by prestressed cylindrical concrete pipes (PCCPs) formed by identical precast moduli joined together in situ. This technology was and still is quite popular in many water supply systems internationally. This technology was mainly selected at the time due to its cost-based comparative advantage. However, over the years, numerous incidents of structural failures have been reported for this type of pipeline, causing, in some cases, serious disruption of the water supply. This study summarizes the results of an experimental investigation on ten (10) PCCP specimens taken from an existing water pipeline with the objective of investigating their bearing capacity under either three-edge bending or internal hydraulic pressure loads. Moreover, there is a need to check the capability of specific retrofitting/strengthening schemes to upgrade this bearing capacity and thus enhance the operational period. Provided that the prestressing wires are fully active according to design specifications, the original specimen performed satisfactorily for the set internal hydraulic pressure limit of 8.5 bar. Specimens retrofitted with either internal or external CFRP or RC jacketing performed satisfactorily for internal hydraulic pressure levels well above this 8.5 bar limit. A critical factor is, as expected, the loss of prestress.
Chemicals: Manufacture, use, etc., Textile bleaching, dyeing, printing, etc.
Abstract High efficiency and anti-pollution oil/water separation membrane has been widely explored and researched. There are a large number of hydroxyl groups on the surface of silica, which has good wettability and can be used for oil-water separation membranes. Hydrophilic silica nanostructures with different morphologies were synthesized by changing templates and contents of trimethylbenzene (TMB). Here, silica nanospheres with radical pores, hollow silica nanospheres and worm-like silica nanotubes were separately sprayed on the PVA-co-PE nanofiber membrane (PM). The abundance of hydroxyl groups and porous structures on PM surfaces enabled the absorption of silica nanospheres through hydrogen bonds. Compared with different silica nanostructures, it was found that the silica/PM exhibited excellent super-hydrophilicity in air and underwater “oil-hating” properties. The PM was mass-produced in our lab through melt-extrusion-phase-separation technique. Therefore, the obtained membranes not only have excellent underwater superoleophobicity but also have a low-cost production. The prepared silica/PM composites were used to separate n-hexane/water, silicone oil/water and peanut oil water mixtures via filtration. As a result, they all exhibited efficient separation of oil/water mixture through gravity-driven filtration.
Textile bleaching, dyeing, printing, etc., Social Sciences
Zuzanna Sydow, Natalia Idaszewska, Edyta Janeba-Bartoszewicz
et al.
Flax is one of the most significant natural fiber providing plants. However, linseed oil originated from flax is also considered as health-promoting edible oil providing omega-3 fatty acids, mostly linolenic acid and tocopherols (including vitamin E). It is still unknown, how the moderate increase in temperature of machine press may influence the technological parameters of press and quality of the obtained oil. In this study, numerous variants of linseed oils pressed at different temperatures (from 50 to 90°C) from seeds of two varieties of Linum usitatissimum cultivars (i.e. brown-seeded and gold-seeded variety) were for the first time comprehensively investigated with respect to technological parameters of the pressing (press efficiency, throughput, power consumption), and quality of the obtained oils (acid value, peroxide value, oil color). The quality of the oils was assessed either for freshly pressed oils or oils stored at 5°C or 25°C for 30 days. The results suggest that higher press temperatures (80–90°C) might not be suitable for linseed oil quality (change of the oil color) and power consumption of the press. For other temperature ranges, no negative effects were observed for the quality of the oils, while technical parameters for these variants were maintained at similar level for both flax varieties.
Science, Textile bleaching, dyeing, printing, etc.
Surajit Sengupta, Sanjoy Debnath, Papai Ghosh
et al.
Banana fiber is a lingo-cellulosic under-exploited bast fiber, which obtained from the pseudo-stem of banana plant (Musa acuminata). In this study, an attempt has been made to explore the possibility of production of needle-punched nonwoven from fibrous material of biowaste for value addition and diversified uses. Mechanical processing for preparation of all banana, banana-jute (1:1), and banana-polypropylene (1:1) blended needle punched nonwoven has been optimized and processing parameters have been suggested. Softening treatment of banana fibre has been done successfully for better processing. Boiling in water with 1% nonionic detergent has been suggested as pre-processing for softening. Tenacity, elongation-at-break, initial modulus, breaking energy, stress relaxation, creep, compressibility, recovery-from-compression, bending load, electrical insulation, thermal insulation, sound insulation, air permeability, and frictional force have been evaluated and analyzed for all the above-mentioned samples. Based on those properties the probable use has been suggested as insulation (thermal and sound) and filter material.
Science, Textile bleaching, dyeing, printing, etc.
Bruno Ribeiro, Tadaaki Uchiyama, Jun Tomiyama
et al.
The use of sugarcane residues in mortar and concrete is believed to contribute to a reduction of costs and environmental problems, such as the reduction of mining of natural aggregates and incorrect disposal of the sugarcane residues. Bagasse fiber has a high water retention rate and thus may be considered as a countermeasure for urban heat islands. Because of these properties, bagasse fiber and bagasse sand were added into the preparation of the interlocking concrete blocks. An investigation of the flexural strength and the contribution of the sugarcane residues against an urban heat island was made. The results showed that, by adding 2.0% of bagasse fiber and 5.0% of bagasse sand in concrete, the flexural strength and the water retention content increased in comparison to the control composite. Moreover, the surface temperature and the water evaporation rate of the blocks were smaller in comparison to the control composite.
Chemicals: Manufacture, use, etc., Textile bleaching, dyeing, printing, etc.
Composites were fabricated from Ramie cellulose microfibrils (RCMF) with cassava starch as matrix and glycerol as a plasticizer. Different composites were fabricated with microfibrils loadings of 0, 2, 4, 8, and 10 wt%. The Particle Size Analyzer results show the average size of RCMF as 1.573 μm. The addition of RCMF considerably influenced the physical, crystalline, thermal, and tensile properties of composites. The addition of RCMF enhanced the crystallinity index (CI) from 32% to 36.67%. Thermogravimetric analysis and tensile test results showed improvement in thermal stability and tensile strength of composite up to 6 wt% microfibrils addition.
Science, Textile bleaching, dyeing, printing, etc.