This article aims to provide a demographic and social overview of multi-child families over the last two decades, based on available data. It will present trends relating to large families and changes to their numbers and structures, based on information obtained from the last three National Censuses (2002, 2011 and 2021). Referring to Bożenna Balcerzak–Paradowska’s concept of ‘large families as an environmental characteristic’, key changes in the situation of multi-child families will be highlighted. Changes in parents’ education, income and risk of poverty confirm that multi-child families are evolving in nature and diversity.
Philosophy. Psychology. Religion, Political science
The deepening geopolitical conflict between the West and the Russian Federation, intensified by the war in Ukraine, has caused significant changes in the security environment of the Republic of Serbia and has largely complicated the realization of its national and defense interests. Military neutrality, as an important defense interest and key security commitment, is also conditioned by changes in the security environment of the Republic of Serbia, as well as vital national interests such as the preservation of territorial integrity, the prospect of EU membership, and ensuring energy security. Therefore, the subject of research in this paper represents the relationships of connectivity and conditioning of the military neutrality of the Republic of Serbia, key changes in the security environment caused by the war in Ukraine, and the mentioned vital national interests. The paper starts from the hypothetical stance that changes in the security environment of the Republic of Serbia complicate the realization of the military neutrality policy, especially in relation to the mentioned vital national interests. The analysis of these connections and relationships is based on the theoretical postulates of the realist school of international relations, according to which great powers and other international actors use all available instruments for projecting power and achieving interests in an anarchic system. In changed geopolitical circumstances, the military neutrality policy of the Republic of Serbia, based on balanced cooperation with the parties in the Ukrainian conflict, is becoming increasingly difficult to maintain, as there is a serious "coercive" potential of the mentioned parties, related to the vital national interests of the Republic of Serbia, such as EU membership, preservation of territorial integrity, and energy and economic security of the Serbian state and society. The methodology in the research is based on the analysis of relevant sources and literature.
Climate-related targets for cities abound, but it is unclear how important they are in driving actual transformations. Scholars have often taken a skeptical view of official climate discourses, including their ambitious targets, and instead turned their attention to experimentation, innovation and civic action – colloquially termed 'real action.' In this article we try on the opposite view. Contributing to 'speculative political ecology', we argue that climate-related targets, even those without hard policies directly attached to them, can render climate change more governable and actionable. In a fragmented, polycentric and dispersed governance landscape, the immutability of a 'hard' number can create coherence, direction and measurability to policy action. We examine a particular target, and its associated governance instruments, which has arguably had a transformative effect on urban policy. Our empirical focus is Norway's Zero Growth Objective in urban transport policy. We follow the target from its first formulation as a soft goal around 2006 and until 2019, by when it had materialized as a hard target shaping funding streams and concrete policy interventions, and most likely, emission levels. Arguably, it has been a highly effective frame for policy.
<strong>Introduction:</strong> Recent studies on change agency and organizational change failure have significantly broadened the organizational behavior perspective on individual change experiences, however, the underlying mechanism for change leaders’ influential behavior remains a relatively underspecified area.
<strong>Objectives: </strong>Our central theoretical contribution focuses on the ways in which linking the findings from different research areas that deal with storytelling and persuasive communication can contribute to understanding the underlying mechanism of change leaders’ influential behavior.
<strong>Methods: </strong>We examine the various strands of research in management concerned with change leadership and persuasive communication, and propose a multidisciplinary perspective from developmental psychology, linguistics, political science, consumer psychology, and religious studies.
<strong>Results: </strong>Our approach draws on the key theoretical perspectives from the social cognitive theory and commensurable interdisciplinary findings as the basis for a narrative-based process model of change leaders’ influential behavior. Our model includes propositions about the change leader’s interpretation of ideological change as well as the change leader’s process of sensemaking and sensegiving.
<strong>Conclusion: </strong>We argue that the change leader’s persuasive communication efforts are based on the leader’s narrative intelligence and influence, which promote the change recipient’s attachment formation.
Jorge Ricardo Palomares García, Victoria Torres Salazar
Este artículo presenta la construcción participativa del precedente como una alternativa para la tensión que existe entre la democracia y la defensa judicial de la Constitución. Esta alternativa considera que la arquitectura de la Constitución Política de Colombia permite que los ciudadanos participen en el diseño de reglas constitucionales a través de las intervenciones en los procesos de constitucionalidad, en general, y de revisión, excepcionalmente. Para ello, se revisará un conjunto particular de fallos relacionados con asuntos penales.
Introduction. The article discusses the motive of a “miracle in a fiery furnace”, based on the story of the Three Holy Children in the Book of Daniel. Methods. The study provides a comparative analysis of the Biblical topos about the trial by fire in Byzantine, Western European and Eastern sources. A semiotic approach of textual study is used. Analysis. In Byzantine hagiography and hymnography, the plot of the “Three Holy Children” was interpreted as a prototype of the Incarnation, so, the sacred situation was reproduced in new historical conditions. In the Lives of Bishops of Cherson, the plot about miracle in the furnace is used for construction the local sacred history. Similar motives are found in the narratives about the baptism of Rus, such as Vita Basilii (the fifth book of Theophanes Continuatus), Vita beati Romualdi by Petrus Damiani, Historia de predicatione episcopi Brunonis. In narrative about conversion of Özbeg Khan to Islam, literary plot was connected with shamanistic representations about the holy fire. Results. The Biblical topos of the “fiery furnace” underwent a semantic transformation within the framework of various discourses. It was used in Byzantine texts for constructing the Christian Identity, while was enhanced by Turkic mythology in Muslim tradition.
History of Russia. Soviet Union. Former Soviet Republics, International relations
In the article the author dwells on the problems of the influence of messengers on the nature of internal communication in the editorial team. There introduce the interviews with the journalists of urban and regional media about the use of messengers in the organization of the editorial work; about new technical possibilities of this type of contact; about use of messengers in the creative work of journalists and more. Also, in the article touches upon the main methods of use messengers in solving editorial tasks: in coordination the actions of journalists; in organizing various group chats; in establishing effective working communications.
Political institutions and public administration (General)
A víz egyre élesebb biztonsági deficitként jelenik meg a föld lakosságának preferenciarendszerében. Közgazdasági szempontból is jelentős potenciállal rendelkeznek azon országok, ahol a vízzel megfelelően gazdálkodnak. Az éghajlatváltozás következtében a hozzáférhető édesvízkészletek tekintetében fokozódó nyomás nehezedik Magyarországra, és több régióban is a kereslet és a kínálat aszimmetriája figyelhető meg. Az egyre szélsőségesebb időjárási jelenségek negatív hatással vannak a vízellátásra. Az időben és térben váltó vízkészletek közép- és hosszútávon jelentős negatív hatással vannak a környezetbiztonságra, és össztársadalmi szinten is éreztetik hatásukat. A szélsőségeknek való kitettség pedig korlátozza Magyarország versenyképességét, gazdasági stabilitását. A különböző gazdasági ágazatok vízigénye miatt egyre kiélezettebb verseny folyik a vízért, mint erőforrásért, miközben nemcsak vízkészleteink mennyiségét, hanem minőségét is óvnunk kell. Településeink még inkább kitettek, sérülékenyebbek az éghajlatváltozás hatásainak, ezeken a területeken koncentrálódik a népesség és a gazdasági tevékenység többsége, és a városok sok esetben a klímaváltozás szempontjából érzékeny (például árvízzel vagy belvízzel, aszállyal veszélyeztetett) területeken helyezkednek el. A városi vízrendszer – amely magába foglalja az ivóvízellátó rendszert, a szennyvíz-, a csapadékvízelvezető és tisztító rendszert – különösen veszélyeztetett, mivel az éghajlatváltozás főleg a víz körforgásának megváltozásában nyilvánul meg (Buzás, 2015). Az Országos Vízügyi Főigazgatóság tevékenység-portfóliójában új elemként jelenik meg a települési vízgazdálkodás, csapadékvíz-gazdálkodás. A Belügyminisztérium fontos ágazataként szükséges a téma napirendre tűzése. A települési vízgazdálkodást, csapadék-vízgazdálkodást megalapozó műszaki, gazdasági és jogi keretek kidolgozása kiemelt feladat a magyar vízügyi igazgatás számára. A feladatok, az általános célkitűzések között szerepel a valós és tényleges digitális alapokon nyugvó vízgazdálkodás továbberősítése, illeszkedve a Nemzeti Vízstratégiában (Kvassay Jenő Terv) nevesített célállapotok eléréséhez. A települési csapadékvíz-gazdálkodás területén különösen fontosak a megelőző intézkedések (legyen szó akár szerkezeti vagy nem szerkezeti intézkedésről). A fejlesztések tervezése során fontos a vizek helyben tartásának lehetőség szerinti megvalósítása olyan tározók építésével, amelyek alkalmasak mind a rendkívüli áradások, felhőszakadások kártételei elleni védekezésre, mind a lokális vízvisszatartásra, jóléti és ökológiai célokat, hasznosításokat is támogatva, amennyiben azok nem szorítják háttérbe a tározók alapvető funkcióját. A tanulmány célja, hogy bemutassa a vízügyi ágazat által elkészített nem szerkezeti intézkedéseket, illetve az önkormányzatok esetében összefoglalja a 2016 és 2019 között – országos szinten – megvalósult és folyamatban lévő kockázatcsökkentő települési vízgazdálkodással, települési csapadékvíz-gazdálkodással összefüggő beruházásokat, illetve javaslatokat fogalmazzon meg a 2021–2027 közötti időszak forrásfelhasználására.
Political institutions and public administration (General)
The Novel Coronavirus has stressed and pressed a great number countries from a great number of sectors. This has impacted on travelling ban, supply chain, and even oil prices. The role of China in combating Covid-19 has considerably become a model for the world. On the other hand, there is doubt regarding China’s role, domestically and globally both. This article seeks to discover the impact on global political economy from Covid-19 global pandemic. Literature review and comprehensive yet brief analysis has been made to satisfy the academic enquiries regarding the topic.
The study presents a model of comparative analysis of financial performance based on two categories of instruments and evaluates the interdependencies between different performance measures. Based on the information gathered from secondary sources, we determined, interpreted and dynamically analysed the following indicators: return on assets, return on equity, degree of global indebtedness, current and quick liquidity and economic added value. The obtained results allowed the shaping of two performance profiles on the basis of which the ranking of the analysed companies was made. In order to identify the interdependencies between the different performance measures, we performed a first regression analysis which indicated that the company's ability to create added economic value depends on achieving high rates of economic profitability. Because in the analysed period there were major variations of the macroeconomic indicators, we performed a second regression analysis which indicated that the economic growth rate positively influences the two rates of return.
Kazakhstan’s model of ethnic management is often classified as a typical example of national identity-building. Kazakhstani politicians and media, however, prefer to refer to it as their unique third way. The article attempts to disprove both these claims. It argues that Kazakhstan merely uses two different ethnic management approaches—national identity-building and hegemonic exchange. The article tests this hypothesis by conducting a comparative analysis of various theoretical approaches to ethnic management and applying them to Kazakhstan. Furthermore, it explains what this dual approach means in terms of operationality by outlining the key challenges the model faces. The final section of the article summarizes its findings and provides recommendations.
The ‘time factor’ has not been systematically considered in cross-national studies on party organizations. Relying on the largest dataset to date on party organizations, namely the Political Party Database Project (PPDB), the article tests the impact of time as a two-level variable (duration of democracy and age of parties) on parties’ organizational strength in new and established democracies. We add original data from three Latin American countries to the nineteen countries covered by the first PPDB database (132 parties overall). The results suggest that parties in established democracies have less members and more money than those of newer democracies. Among the latter, the greater capacity for mass mobilization produces stronger parties—as in Latin America—compared to the Eastern European countries. The findings challenge the traditional view of the exceptional weakness of Latin American parties and point to the importance of time as a multilevel variable: besides the national context, the “ancestral” party origin in previous regimes have a large impact on organizational strength.