Hasil untuk "Logic"

Najeb Masoud

Abstract The purpose of this paper is to revisit and refine Masoud’s (2017) CSR pyramid by addressing structural limitations common to hierarchical CSR models and aligning the framework with contemporary developments in ESG disclosure, corporate digital responsibility, and post-pandemic stakeholder expectations. Using a normative–integrative theory-building design, the study conducts a structured conceptual review and critical synthesis of 102 peer-reviewed sources (1990–2024), documented through a PRISMA-style screening flowchart and a transparent methods table. The resulting revision specifies CSR as a four-dimensional, interdependent architecture comprising economic responsibilities (ER), glocal responsibilities (GR), governance responsibilities (GVR), and philanthropic responsibilities (PR). The model retains the pedagogical familiarity of a “pyramid” while replacing rigid hierarchy with simultaneity and feedback among responsibilities. It also accommodates ethical pluralism by incorporating faith-informed concepts (illustratively, Islamic notions such as Amanah, Adl, and Maslaha) in an inclusive, non-prescriptive manner alongside established global norms. The contribution is conceptual: the framework clarifies construct boundaries, integration logic, and positioning relative to political CSR, strategic CSR/CSV, stakeholder salience, and digital accountability, while refraining from causal or performance claims. Limitations include the study’s non-empirical scope, challenges of operationalising ethically plural constructs across contexts, and the strictly heuristic status of TCSR = ER + GR + GVR + PR, for which validated indicators and weights are not yet available. A research agenda is proposed to develop measurement architectures (including corporate digital responsibility metrics) and to test boundary conditions across sectors and governance regimes.

Romany M. Farag, Mahmoud Y. Shams, Dalia A. Aldawody et al.

This paper presents a comprehensive approach for analyzing DNA sequences and attempts to find a practical solution to the problems of comparing and classifying genomic data, which have become increasingly complex and noisy. The approach we propose combines neutrosophic logic which primarily deals with data confusion and uncertainty with modern machine learning techniques to achieve more realistic and flexible analysis. Traditionally, traditional methods such as multiple sequence alignment (MSA) algorithms or the NeedlemanWinch algorithm become extremely cumbersome when faced with large or unclear data. Performance degrades, and results are sometimes inaccurate. Therefore, we propose a system we call the "Advanced DNA Comparator," which converts DNA sequences to digital representations using Word2Vec (similar to how humans understand words), uses neutrosophic logic as a tool for understanding ambiguity, and then applies classification to a random forest algorithm. The results we achieved were not only promising, but also truly powerful: 99.83% accuracy, 100% accurate classification, and a ROC-AUC of 99.92%. This simply means that the system was able to handle sequences and detect similarities even when the world was a little luttered.This framework could be a real turning point, because it is not only accurate but also easy to interpret and expand, making it a powerful tool for applications such as personalized medicine or early disease prediction.

Yang Jiaqi, Li Jingdong, Liu Zhiqiang et al.

The complexity of tunnel construction places it in a position of great importance in the overall construction of highways, and the carbon emissions generated during its construction also account for a large portion. The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out the need to "actively and steadily promote carbon peaking and carbon neutrality." As one of the main contributors of carbon emissions, the transportation industry needs to actively increase its efforts to reduce emissions, innovate ways to reduce emissions, and not overlook any sources of carbon emissions. This article relies on the Linshuang Expressway project, which combines theoretical calculation logic with information and Internet of Things technology to complete the construction of a real-time monitoring system for carbon emissions during tunnel construction in mountainous areas. Through this system, construction carbon emissions can be visualized and monitored in real-time, providing reliable data support for emission reduction in tunnel construction, and providing technical references for promoting low-carbon, clean, and green highway tunnel construction, in order to further support the development of a strong transportation country.

Ke Sun, Zhiyao Ma, Guowei Dong et al.

In this work, an adaptive fuzzy backstepping fault-tolerant control (FTC) issue is tackled for uncertain fractional-order (FO) nonlinear systems with sensor and actuator faults. A fuzzy logic system is exploited to manage unknown nonlinearity. In addition, a novel FO nonlinear filter-based dynamic surface control (DSC) method is constructed, effectively avoiding the inherent complexity explosion problem in the backstepping recursive process, and in the light of the construction of auxiliary functions, compensating the coupling term introduced by faults. On account of certain assumptions, the stability criterion of the FO Lyapunov function is applied to guarantee the stability of the closed-loop system. Finally, the simulation example verifies the validity of the presented control strategy.

Jiang Xingru, Jiang Kaiwen

This paper follows the logic of financial investment strategies based on WGAN, one of AI algorithms. The trend prediction module and the distribution characteristics of price time series are on the basis of the WGAN. Multiple factors extraction and analysis are on the basis of natural language processing technology. Buy-sell decision module is based on DQN algorithm which is one of reinforcement learning algorithms. And a designed risk control network is used as a protector for capital of investors. A multiple feature combination is proposed to describe the stock market. In the end, four Sector ETFs were selected to make simulation experiments.

Jun Xu, Qian Xiang, Gangyan Li

To remedy the defects of conventional pneumatic ABS (anti-lock Braking system) controller testing equipment for commercial vehicles, such as low efficiency and difficult testing condition configurations, a workflow was proposed based on the unit integration test mode. The relationship among the operation logic of the ABS valves, test conditions, and wheel speed was derived through the simulation of a multi-condition configuration. Then, a wheel speed simulation model was set up by taking the test conditions as inputs, and it was implanted into an embedded control unit. Next, the hardware module and the underlying drivers as well as an application algorithm for the application layer were designed. A prototype of the EOL (end-of-line) test system was built. The test results show that the prototype can not only achieve a rapid test condition configuration and accurate fault location but that it can also meet the requirements for test efficiency.

Masduki Masduki

This study was triggered by the widespread scietific conferences in the field of communication during the past six years, from 2015-2021 in Indonesia. It intends to find a model of an academic conference within the trend of liberalizing universities. In addition to identifying its technical aspects (themes, speakers, funding, types of organizers, and post-conference publication choices), this study examines the macro-political aspects of organizing scientific conferences. This study uses a qualitative method. The author observed 36 conference posters from 2015 to 2021 and conducted field visits and interviews with selected conference organizers. The author also examines government policy documents directly and indirectly related to those scientific conferences in Indonesia. The study found a massive growth in the academic conferences, with various organizers (universities, associations of academia, etc.). It follows the trend of academic mobility, knowledge exchange, and collaboration which are driven by the ‘commodification of knowledge’. Amidst the lack of conference regulation, it tends to follow ’the logic of market competition’, not complying with the mission ofacademic dissemination itself. Most conferences placed bureaucrats more privileged above scientists, offering additional activities such as city tours or non-academic events showing academia’s dependence on political paternalism and economic power.

Renxi Gong, Xinyu Zhang, Jianfeng Liu et al.

Abstract There exist the problems of the low utilization rate of DC voltage, power imbalance and current backflow in the modulation process of traditional unsymmetrical cascaded units. In view of these, a pulse width modulation strategy with an improved trapezoidal wave as the modulation wave and its corresponding power balance method are proposed. First, through double Fourier analysis of the output line voltage, an appropriate sine coefficient δ is obtained. Second, the waveform of the modulation wave is determined according to δ. Third, through the simple logic operation of the initial driving signals of the switch transistors, the required switch driving signals are obtained, and the power balance of each unit with the same voltage level is realized. In order to verify the effectiveness of the strategy and the method, a simulation and experiment platform are built, and a large number of simulations and experiments are carried out. The results show that compared with the traditional sinusoidal modulation method, the utilization rate of DC voltage obtained by the method can be improved by 22.28% and compared with the trapezoidal wave modulation method, the waveform distortion coefficient of the output voltage can be significantly reduced, and the utilization rate of DC voltage can be further improved. Meanwhile, the power balance can be achieved within one voltage cycle and the phenomenon of current backflow is eliminated.

Kenji Kobayashi, Kazuki Maeda, Miki Tokuoka et al.

Abstract Linkage logic theory provides a mathematical criterion to control network dynamics by manipulating activities of a subset of network nodes, which are collectively called a feedback vertex set (FVS). Because many biological functions emerge from dynamics of biological networks, this theory provides a promising tool for controlling biological functions. By manipulating the activity of FVS molecules identified in a gene regulatory network (GRN) for fate specification of seven tissues in ascidian embryos, we previously succeeded in reproducing six of the seven cell types. Simultaneously, we discovered that the experimentally reconstituted GRN lacked information sufficient to reproduce muscle cells. Here, we utilized linkage logic theory as a tool to find missing edges in the GRN. Then, we identified a FVS from an updated version of the GRN and confirmed that manipulating the activity of this FVS was sufficient to induce all seven cell types, even in a multi-cellular environment. Thus, linkage logic theory provides tools to find missing edges in experimentally reconstituted networks, to determine whether reconstituted networks contain sufficient information to fulfil expected functions, and to reprogram cell fate.

Ernesto Chavero-Navarrete, Mario Trejo-Perea, Juan Carlos Jáuregui-Correa et al.

Wind power is a renewable energy source that has been developed in recent years. Large turbines are increasingly seen. The advantage of generating electrical power in this way is that it can be connected to the grid, making it an economical and easily available source of energy. The fundamental problem of a wind turbine is the randomness in a wide range of wind speeds that determine the electrical energy generated, as well as abrupt changes in wind speed that make the system unstable and unsafe. A conventional control system based on a mathematical model is effective with moderate disturbances, but slow with very large oscillations such as those produced by turbulence. To solve this problem, expert control systems (ECS) are proposed, which are based on human experience and an adequate management of stored information of each of its variables, providing a way to determine solutions. This revision of recent years, mentions the expert systems developed to obtain the point of maximum power generation in a wind turbine with permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) and, therefore, offers a control solution that adapts to the specifications of any wind turbine.

Gabriela Besler

DOI: http://doi.org/10.26333/sts.xxxii2.04 GABRIELA BESLER GOTTLOB FREGE O PRAWDZIE W OKRESIE WYDAWANIA DWÓCH TOMÓW GRUNDGESETZE DER ARITHMETIK (1893–1903) ST R E S Z C Z E N I E: W latach 1893 i 1903 ukazały się dwa tomy najważniejszego dzieła Fregego Grundegezte der Arithmetik. Ten okres można nazwać „szczytem logicyzmu” Fregego. Chociaż temat prawdy w logiczno-filozoficznej twórczości Fregego był podejmowany wielokrotnie, to brakuje pozycji skupiającej się na badaniu poglądów w tym okresie. Dotyczy to w szczególności literatury polskiej. Moim zadaniem jest zebranie i uporządkowanie wszystkich wypowiedzi Fregego na temat prawdy w okresie wydawania wspomnianych tomów. Realizując to zadanie, badam użycie tego pojęcia w pierwszym tomie Grundegezte der Arithmetik oraz w niepublikowanym tekście Logik. Podejmuję zagadnienie funkcjonowania tego terminu w szczególnych kontekstach: antynomii, geometrii i wyrażania ogólności. Na koniec zasygnalizuję kwestię sposobu rozumienia późniejszych wypowiedzi Fregego na temat prawdy. Gabriela Besler Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach Instytut Filozofii E-mail: gabriela.besler@us.edu.pl ORCID: 0000-0002-1843-5198

Natalia Likhomanova

DOI: 10.28925/2412-2475.2019.1411   The article deals with the issues of functioning and structure of the family narrative in the contemporary literary process. The relevance of the topic is demonstrated by the limited number of literary studies that are more focused on the study of particular types of narratives, including family narratives. These are separate genre articles that define the family narrative primarily as the formative basis of the family novel.On the example of the novel by contemporary English writer Kate Atkinson “Behind the Scenes at the Museum”, the structure of the family narrative is analyzed. The tradition of first-person narration («Self»-narration) is preserved, demonstrating an example of the detailed functioning of the homodiegetic type of narrator in the text. The family history narrator is both a direct participant in the events, an observer, and a collector of collective memory. One element of the narrative structure of K. Atkinson’s artistic space is the traditional cyclicality for the family narrative: the story of a disappearing woman / mother, the story of family vacations, travel to exotic countries, and more.The peculiarities of the embodiment of narrative metalepsis (J. Jeanette) are defined as a narrative play with the reader, which is a characteristic feature of the family narrative. The narrative reverse is analyzed, which is demonstrated in the penetration of two incompatible spatio-temporal worlds with each other in the presence of story logic and completeness of the story. In the narrative metalepsis of the novel “Behind the Scenes at the Museum” «female narrative privileges» prevail. The narrator cyclically changes from homodiegetic to heterodiegetic, but the narrator’s attention is always focused on the female images.

Somvir Singh Nain, Parveen Sihag, Sunil Luthra

The main purpose of this research is to check the relative importance of methods fuzzy-logic and back-propagation neural network to evaluate the performance of wire electric discharge machine (WEDM) of aeronautics super alloy. It has been confirmed that BP-ANN method reveals significant result over the fuzzy logic method for the evaluation of surface roughness and waviness of the WEDM of aeronautic super alloy. On the basis of Taguchi analysis, it has been established that the variable pulse-on, interaction amid the pulse-on and pulse-off time, wire tension and spark-gap voltage have a superlative influence on the surface roughness. The waviness is influenced prominently by pulse-on time, pulse-off time and spark-gap voltage. The thickness of recast layer is minimized up to 9.434 μm. Keywords: Wire electric discharge machining, Fuzzy-logic, Back-propagation artificial neural network, SEM, Taguchi

Anne Bardet

Already in his early writings, Ortega y Gasset wants to highlight how life is made out of a series of events; with him, man himself appears as a pure event of existing. This idea is so central in his work that he pretends to build his whole philosophy on occasional concepts: he wants to break with an entire substantialist tradition that thinks man in terms of nature, and set up concepts that designate the event. Man has no nature, but history; he’s nothing more than this history, which appears as a no preset series of events where his identity comes to form and crystallize. The absence of a predefined sense does not change the fact that history is marked by a strict and inalienable continuity with the Madrid philosopher: it admits neither skips nor disruptions. Where event seems to cause a caesura, or at least leads us to a fundamentally indeterminate territory, Ortega insists: the fact that history is made out of a series of events doesn’t jeopardise the idea of liaison; it doesn’t require that we stop thinking history according to a causal logic. Therefore, the question is: how to include the myriad of events which constitute history in a continuum that makes sense? How to conciliate the event character with the continuity which must appears, beyond its advent in the telling, upon eventiality of history? In other words, how to maintain the idea of a sense of history?

Nabilla Gustiviana, Josaphat Pramudijanto

Tingkat ketelitian mesin CNC dalam membuat suatu kontur merupakan hal yang penting. Adanya gesekan antara mata pahat dengan benda kerja saat melakukan gerakan feeding dalam membentuk suatu kontur dapat berakibat pada kesalahan bentuk kontur yang akan dihasilkan apabila di tiap sumbunya dikontrol secara individu. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut, maka dirancang kombinasi antara Fuzzy Logic Controller sebagai kontroler individu yang mengatasi permasalahan di tiap sumbu, dengan kontroler koordinasi, yaitu Cross-Coupled Controller. Algoritma dari kontroler ini dibuat dengan menggunakan software LabView 8.6. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa dengan menambahkan kontroler koordinasi, dapat memperbaiki nilai indeks performansi sebesar 37,5% untuk kontur linier dan 2,78% untuk kontur lingkaran

Paulo Valdenor Silva de Queiroz

This paper is a discussion about the category in the territory called Territorial Policies of the Ministry of Agrarian Development (MDA) and its devices to access land. The developmentalist fallacy that fills the MDA supports the proposals with a speech that presents the countryside as the locus of the delay, which "underdeveloped" permeates the ideals of an environment where the disadvantages persist. The country would be designed according to this logic, as a space with disabilities who require incentives and planning so you can walk on the tracks of development. It is observable, however, that the investment of resources that accelerate the circulation, reproduction and accumulation of capital does not necessarily have contributed to changing the social frameworks in the municipalities that make up the interior of Ceará.

Hossein Mehrabi Boshrabadi, Somayeh Kouchakzadeh, Hamid taboli

One of the main concerns that many countries of the world are encountering, is some economic activities which are usually hidden from official view. These activities could effect deviation from correct position and prescribe incorrect polices. In this study, after short review on concept and different distances of shadow economy to try that investigated effects of shadow economy volume on economic growth for 1981-2007 by vector error correction model (VECM). Shadow economy was estimated by fuzzy logic method. Results indicated that in Iran, with increase of one percentage size of shadow economy, 0/38 percentage diminished economic growth.

Gholamreza Abdollahzadeh, Mohsen Shahaky

This paper presents a probabilistic seismic hazard assessment of Babol, one of big cities in north of Iran. Many destructive earthquakes happened in Iran in the last centuries. It comes from historical references that at least many times; Babol has been destroyed by catastrophic earthquakes. In this paper, the peak horizontal ground acceleration over the bedrock (PGA) is calculated by a probabilistic seismic hazard assessment (PSHA). For this reason, at first, a collected catalogue, containing both historical and instrumental events that occurred in a radius of 200 km of Babol city and covering the period from 874 to 2004 have been gathered. Then, seismic sources are modeled and recur¬rence relationship is established. After elimination of the aftershocks and foreshocks, the main earthquakes were taken into consideration to calculate the seismic parameters (SP) by Kijko method. The calculations were performed using the logic tree method and four weighted attenuation relationships Ghodrati, 0.35, Khademi, 0.25, Ambraseys and Simpson, 0.2, and Sarma and Srbulov, 0.2. Seismic hazard assessment is then carried out for 8 horizontal by 7 vertical lines grid points using SEISRISK III. Finally, two seismic hazard maps of the studied area based on Peak Horizontal Ground Acceleration (PGA) over bedrock for 2 and 10% probability of ex¬ceedance in one life cycles of 50 year are presented. These calculations have been performed by the Poisson distribution of two hazard levels. The results showed that the PGA ranges from 0.32 to 0.33 g for a return period of 475 years and from 0.507 to 0.527 g for a return period of 2475 years. Since population is very dense in Babol and vulnerability of buildings is high, the risk of future earthquakes will be very significant.

Shooshan Sonya E, Névéol Aurélie, Claveau Vincent

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background:</p> <p>Indexing is a crucial step in any information retrieval system. In <smcaps>MEDLINE</smcaps>, a widely used database of the biomedical literature, the indexing process involves the selection of Medical Subject Headings in order to describe the subject matter of articles. The need for automatic tools to assist <smcaps>MEDLINE</smcaps> indexers in this task is growing with the increasing number of publications being added to <smcaps>MEDLINE</smcaps>.</p> <p>Methods:</p> <p>In this paper, we describe the use and the customization of Inductive Logic Programming (ILP) to infer indexing rules that may be used to produce automatic indexing recommendations for <smcaps>MEDLINE</smcaps> indexers.</p> <p>Results:</p> <p>Our results show that this original ILP-based approach outperforms manual rules when they exist. In addition, the use of ILP rules also improves the overall performance of the Medical Text Indexer (<smcaps>MTI</smcaps>), a system producing automatic indexing recommendations for <smcaps>MEDLINE</smcaps>.</p> <p>Conclusion:</p> <p>We expect the sets of ILP rules obtained in this experiment to be integrated into <smcaps>MTI</smcaps>.</p>

Fogolari Federico, Dovier Agostino, Dal Palù Alessandro

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The protein structure prediction problem is one of the most challenging problems in biological sciences. Many approaches have been proposed using database information and/or simplified protein models. The protein structure prediction problem can be cast in the form of an optimization problem. Notwithstanding its importance, the problem has very seldom been tackled by Constraint Logic Programming, a declarative programming paradigm suitable for solving combinatorial optimization problems.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Constraint Logic Programming techniques have been applied to the protein structure prediction problem on the face-centered cube lattice model. Molecular dynamics techniques, endowed with the notion of constraint, have been also exploited. Even using a very simplified model, Constraint Logic Programming on the face-centered cube lattice model allowed us to obtain acceptable results for a few small proteins. As a test implementation their (known) secondary structure and the presence of disulfide bridges are used as constraints. Simplified structures obtained in this way have been converted to all atom models with plausible structure. Results have been compared with a similar approach using a well-established technique as molecular dynamics.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The results obtained on small proteins show that Constraint Logic Programming techniques can be employed for studying protein simplified models, which can be converted into realistic all atom models. The advantage of Constraint Logic Programming over other, much more explored, methodologies, resides in the rapid software prototyping, in the easy way of encoding heuristics, and in exploiting all the advances made in this research area, e.g. in constraint propagation and its use for pruning the huge search space.</p>