Hasil untuk "Land use"

Yufan Liu, Rixi Yu, Junjie Li et al.

In flood disaster rescue scenarios, partially submerged buildings prevent aerial robots from accessing lower levels, limiting mission effectiveness. To address this challenge, this paper presents Wukong-Omni, a novel multimode robot capable of operating across land, air, and underwater using a unified propulsion system. The system is enabled by an innovative mechanical design that allows motor reuse and improves thrust generation. Efficiency and peak thrust are enhanced through simulation and tank-based optimization. Experimental results show a 100 percent improvement in propulsion efficiency and a 150 percent increase in maximum thrust compared with direct installation methods. Dynamic models for the three operating domains are developed, and a unified cross-domain control framework is proposed. Comprehensive experiments validate stable locomotion and smooth transition across domains. Outdoor experiments further demonstrate robustness and adaptability in real-world environments.

Suleman Bawa, Xie Yongping, Ibn Wahab Benin

This study investigates the influence of knowledge management (KM) and merger and acquisition (M&A) networks on the effectiveness of innovation networks within mature entrepreneurial firms. By focusing on a sample of 4139 firms listed on the Chinese stock market and analyzing 8563 M&A transactions from the mid-2000s to 2023, the research aims to explore how these strategic networks shape entrepreneurial innovation, with particular attention to the moderating role of absorptive capacity (AC) and the impact of entrepreneurial uncertainty. A mixed-method approach, combining structural equation modelling (SEM) and qualitative interviews, was employed to evaluate the relationships between KM, M&A, and innovation networks. SEM facilitated the assessment of hypothesized connections and mediation effects, while interviews with key stakeholders provided qualitative insights into the practical nuances of network interactions and strategies in mature firms. The study finds that KM practices, such as effective planning and knowledge acquisition, alongside M&A networks, collectively enhance the effectiveness of innovation networks. While KM promotes operational and strategic alignment, M&A networks support stakeholder decision-making, thus reinforcing firm operations. Absorptive capacity (AC) significantly mediates the relationship between KM, M&A networks, and innovation network effectiveness. However, entrepreneurial uncertainty diminishes the effectiveness of KM and M&A networks but simultaneously enhances innovation networks' outcomes, underscoring mature firms' adaptability in uncertain environments. This research deepens the understanding of innovation networks in mature entrepreneurial firms by applying the Knowledge-Based View (KBV) framework, highlighting the strategic role of KM and M&A networks. It offers new insights into how mature firms in emerging economies can leverage knowledge assets for sustained innovation and competitive advantage. The findings provide implications for practice and policy, suggesting that mature firms strategically manage KM and M&A activities to enhance innovation networks, even under varying levels of entrepreneurial uncertainty.

Cristiano Manetti da Cruz, Mercia Pandolfo Provin, Ana Laura de Sene Amâncio Zara

Objectives: To identify expenses with the purchase of medicines and supplies by the Municipal Health Department of Canguçu/RS, through legal proceedings, from 2017 to 2021. Methods: It is a quantitative, descriptive, and retrospective study, using the docu-ment analysis technique. Secondary data on public costs, available on the Transparency Portal, were used. The amounts spent and the origins of the resources used for the acqui-sition of these drugs were analyzed. Results: There was an increase of 297.93% in spen-ding on legal proceedings for the acquisition of medicines and pharmaceutical supplies through judicial blockades. Of these, more than 76% refer to antineoplastic medications. The basic care budget increased by 132.41% in this period and the costs of pharmaceu-tical assistance almost doubled from R$ 854,248.86, in 2017, to R$ 1,524,871.92, in 2021, with a significant increase during the pandemic period. Comparing the expen-diture on purchasing medicines through blockages by court permits in 2021 and the amount spent on pharmaceutical assistance in the same period, it is noted that the cost is very similar, but a small portion of the population is served through judicialization. Conclusions: There was a considerable increase in spending on purchasing medicines due to court decisions. The Municipal Health Department is obliged to acquire medicines that do not belong to the Municipal Medication List, through judicial blocking of public accounts, because the government of the State of Rio Grande do Sul does not send these medicines to users with approved lawsuits.

Humaira Tasnim, Ashik E Rasul, Bruce Jo et al.

Reliable helipad detection is essential for Autonomous Aerial Vehicle (AAV) landing, especially under GPS-denied or visually degraded conditions. While modern detectors such as YOLOv8 offer strong baseline performance, single-model pipelines struggle to remain robust across the extreme scale transitions that occur during descent, where helipads appear small at high altitude and large near touchdown. To address this limitation, we propose a scale-adaptive dual-expert perception framework that decomposes the detection task into far-range and close-range regimes. Two YOLOv8 experts are trained on scale-specialized versions of the HelipadCat dataset, enabling one model to excel at detecting small, low-resolution helipads and the other to provide high-precision localization when the target dominates the field of view. During inference, both experts operate in parallel, and a geometric gating mechanism selects the expert whose prediction is most consistent with the AAV's viewpoint. This adaptive routing prevents the degradation commonly observed in single-detector systems when operating across wide altitude ranges. The dual-expert perception module is evaluated in a closed-loop landing environment that integrates CARLA's photorealistic rendering with NASA's GUAM flight-dynamics engine. Results show substantial improvements in alignment stability, landing accuracy, and overall robustness compared to single-detector baselines. By introducing a scale-aware expert routing strategy tailored to the landing problem, this work advances resilient vision-based perception for autonomous descent and provides a foundation for future multi-expert AAV frameworks.

Huiling Zheng, Xian Zhong, Bin Liu et al.

The fusion of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) and RGB imagery for land cover classification remains challenging due to modality heterogeneity and underexploited spectral complementarity. Existing approaches often fail to decouple shared structural features from modality-complementary radiometric attributes, resulting in feature conflicts and information loss. To address this, we propose Phase-Amplitude Decoupling (PAD), a frequency-aware framework that separates phase (modality-shared) and amplitude (modality-complementary) components in the Fourier domain. This design reinforces shared structures while preserving complementary characteristics, thereby enhancing fusion quality. Unlike previous methods that overlook the distinct physical properties encoded in frequency spectra, PAD explicitly introduces amplitude-phase decoupling for multi-modal fusion. Specifically, PAD comprises two key components: 1) Phase Spectrum Correction (PSC), which aligns cross-modal phase features via convolution-guided scaling to improve geometric consistency; and 2) Amplitude Spectrum Fusion (ASF), which dynamically integrates high- and low-frequency patterns using frequency-adaptive multilayer perceptrons, effectively exploiting SAR's morphological sensitivity and RGB's spectral richness. Extensive experiments on WHU-OPT-SAR and DDHR-SK demonstrate state-of-the-art performance. This work establishes a new paradigm for physics-aware multi-modal fusion in remote sensing. The code will be available at https://github.com/RanFeng2/PAD.

Dante Ayaviri Nina, Gabith Quispe Fernández, Alba Isabel Maldonado Núñez et al.

Los sistemas productivos, en el contexto rural, adquieren una importancia desde la perspectiva social y económica; su abordaje como un fenómeno de estudio permite observar e identificar debilidades y oportunidades en el accionar de la actividad productiva local. Así, el sistema productivo del cantón Guano en Ecuador es un conjunto estructurado de actividades agrícolas, pecuarias y, en menor proporción, industrial. La investigación pretende determinar las estrategias de generación de unidades de negocios en la actividad productiva rural del cantón Guano, se apoya en un método de investigación no experimental, de tipo descriptivo, y asume un enfoque cualitativo y cuantitativo. La muestra fue de 244 productores de una población de 21 851. Para la obtención de datos, se aplicó una encuesta con preguntas de tipo dicotómica, estructurada y de escala de Likert. Los resultados reflejan que la organización familiar, la inversión y los incentivos al sector productivo rural son las estrategias que contribuyen de forma significativa en el establecimiento de unidades productivas. En consecuencia, es relevante la importancia de las unidades productivas en el desarrollo rural del cantón Guano.

Sofiia Drozd, Nataliia Kussul

The Green Deal strategic plan for the development of renewable energy until 2030 is of particular importance in the context of the restoration of Ukraine’s post-war energy infrastructure. One of the key topics is the analysis of the possibilities of installing large solar power plants in Ukraine. In this article, a multi-criteria analysis of the suitability of the territory of Ukraine is carried out on the basis of climatic, topographic and land use criteria. To assess land suitability, criteria standardized using fuzzy logic with weights determined by experts through the method of pairwise comparisons were combined using a weighted sum model. Upon completing the study, a suitability map was generated, depicting zones with varying levels of suitability (ranging from 0 to 1) for solar power plant placement. It was found that more than 35.68% of the country has average values of the suitability index (0.65–0.7), and approximately 18.82% show high indicators (<0.7). Conditions are especially favorable in the south of Ukraine.

Mahboubeh Darvishpour, Saber Khandan Alamdari, gholamreza hashemzadehkhooresgani

<p>The research and development department (R&amp;D) is a necessary and vital organ for all organizations that intend to be active in domestic and foreign markets, and it is of undeniable importance for domestic and international competition as one of the most important factors for achieving the goals of organizations and industries in economic progress and access to commercial markets. Hence, in the present study, the intelligent R&amp;D management model was evaluated with an agility approach, and to this end, the data was collected from 270 participants using a questionnaire, including managers, professors, senior experts, and experts of petrochemical companies. Then, the fitted data, obtained from the structural equation model, was analyzed with the help of partial least squares method using PLS statistical software. The results of the path coefficients showed that there is a significant relationship between the research variables and the evaluation indices of the model fit. Also, it was found that the relevant model has a good fit. Therefore, it can be stated that intelligent research and development management with an agility approach has improved processes, innovation, optimized communication, and also has financial and competitive consequences for the organization.</p>

Haohua Dong

This work addresses the landing problem of an aerial vehicle, exemplified by a simple quadrotor, on a moving platform using image-based visual servo control. First, the mathematical model of the quadrotor aircraft is introduced, followed by the design of the inner-loop control. At the second stage, the image features on the textured target plane are exploited to derive a vision-based control law. The image of the spherical centroid of a set of landmarks present in the landing target is used as a position measurement, whereas the translational optical flow is used as velocity measurement. The kinematics of the vision-based system is expressed in terms of the observable features, and the proposed control law guarantees convergence without estimating the unknown distance between the vision system and the target, which is also guaranteed to remain strictly positive, avoiding undesired collisions. The performance of the proposed control law is evaluated in MATLAB and 3-D simulation software Gazebo. Simulation results for a quadrotor UAV are provided for different velocity profiles of the moving target, showcasing the robustness of the proposed controller.

Luc Achille Ziem A Bidias, Sahada Mouchili Nguegni, Dieudonné Charles Isidore Ilouga et al.

This study was conducted in Kouoptamo, located in the Noun Plain in Western Cameroon, with the main objective of inventorying and evaluating the geological heritage, and promoting the protection and geoconservation of geosites, and their use in geotourism development. Geosites in the region include dammed lakes (Petpenoun lakes), maars (Sanka Ndoumkain Maar, Tchoua Maar), scoria cones (Nkoambeng, Kechuentim, Ngouen volcanoes), a dome (Njigoumbé Dome) and a managed natural area (Petponoun Domain). Most geosites have a high scientific, aesthetic and educational value. The method used for the inventory and assessment of geosites in this work is according to Reynard, et al. (2016), which is more suitable for geological heritage on a regional scale. The scientific value in this method is composed of four criteria, namely rarity, representativeness, integrity and palaeogeographical interest. Each of these criteria is evaluated independently by a numerical score ranging from 0 (nil) to 1 (very high) in intervals of 0.25. The overall average scientific value of the Kouoptamo geosites is 0.77. Nkoambeng Volcano has the highest scientific value (0.88), followed by Tchoua Maar, Sanka Ndoumkain Maar, Njigoumbé Dome and Ngouen Volcano, all of which score 0.81, while Kechuentim Volcano and Petpenoun Domain score 0.75 and 0.69, respectively. The integrity of several of these geosites is preserved, mainly the Petpenoun lakes, the Tchoua Maar, and the Sanka Ndoumkain Maar. Geosites such as Sanka Ndoumkain Maar, Tchoua Maar, Njigoumbé Dome and the Nkoambeng, Kechuentim, and Ngouen volcanoes are representative of the regional geomorphology. Artisanal quarries (Nkoambeng Volcano) and industrial quarries (Njigoumbé Dome), as well as agro-pastoral activities, tend to degrade these geosites, which in general do not benefit from any legal protection. It is strongly recommended that geoconservation policies be adopted for these geosites, in order to preserve and develop these sites for their considerable geotourism potential while taking into account the current resource and land usage to find an optimum, sustainable strategy.

Yuriy Safonov, Ievgen Bazhenkov, Svitlana Zaiets

The article presents the factors of the international policy of publication and provision of school textbooks at the national, regional and local levels in the context of modern requirements for the quality of education. Such research methods as analytical review, comparison, analysis, generalization, interpretation, synthesis were used. An analysis of existing problems and possible ways of improving the quality and objectivity of the system of textbook provision was carried out. The scientific and methodological approaches and practical recommendations of international organizations on the formation of textbook publishing policy, the role of central authorities, local self-government, private organizations, the public and parents of students in the financing, development and distribution of textbooks are considered. The peculiarities of textbook publishing in countries working with the system of centralized state publication, state approval of a list of textbooks by choice, mixed system and open market are analyzed. The similarities and differences of the main changes over the last 20-30 years in the position of countries regarding textbooks (with an emphasis on leading Asian countries) are identified in terms of types of policies, processes of approval and control of production, distribution of textbooks, priorities in providing students with textbooks. The analysis confirmed that in most countries there is a change in the role of central and local self-government, the private sector, parents and the public in the development and distribution of textbooks, as well as the interaction of subjects of educational book publishing. Recommendations for improving the process of textbook publishing have been developed based on the experience of the outlined work in the countries of the world.

Felipe Olivares, Luciano Zunino, Massimiliano Zanin

Air transportation is a complex system characterised by a plethora of interactions at multiple temporal and spatial scales; as a consequence, even simple dynamics like sequencing aircraft for landing can lead to the appearance of emergent behaviours, which are both difficult to control and detrimental to operational efficiency. We propose a model, based on a modulated Markov jitter, to represent ordinal pattern properties of real landing operations in European airports. The parameters of the model are tuned by minimising the distance between the probability distributions of ordinal patterns generated by the real and synthetic sequences, as estimated by the Permutation Jensen-Shannon Distance. We show that the correlation between consecutive hours in the landing flow changes between airports, and that it can be interpreted as a metric of efficiency. We further compare the dynamics pre and post COVID-19, showing how this has changed beyond what can be attributed to a simple reduction of traffic. We finally draw some operational conclusions, and discuss the applicability of these findings in a real operational environment.

Keran Ye, Konstantinos Karydis

This paper proposes a method to evaluate the capability of aggressive legged robot landing under significant touchdown linear and angular velocities upon impact. Our approach builds upon the Planar Inverted Pendulum with Flywheel (PIPF) model and introduces a landing framework for the first stance step on a non-dimensional basis. We develop a nonlinear framework with iterative constrained trajectory optimization to stabilize the first stance step prior to N-step Capturability analysis. Performance maps across many different initial conditions reveal approximately linear boundaries as well as the effect of inertia, body incidence angle and leg attacking angle on the boundary shape. Our method also yields the engineering insight that body inertia affects the performance map the most, hence its optimization can be prioritized when the target is to improve robot landing efficacy.

K. V. Calvin, A. Snyder, X. Zhao et al.

<p>Future changes in land use and cover have important implications for agriculture, energy, water use, and climate. Estimates of future land use and land cover differ significantly across economic models as a result of differences in drivers, model structure, and model parameters; however, these models often rely on heuristics to determine model parameters. In this study, we demonstrate a more systematic and empirically based approach to estimating a few key parameters for an economic model of land use and land cover change, gcamland. Specifically, we generate a large set of model parameter perturbations for the selected parameters and run gcamland simulations with these parameter sets over the historical period in the United States to quantify land use and land cover, determine how well the model reproduces observations, and identify parameter combinations that best replicate observations, assuming other model parameters are fixed. We also test alternate methods for forming expectations about uncertain crop yields and prices, including adaptive, perfect, linear, and hybrid approaches. In particular, we estimate parameters for six parameters used in the formation of expectations and three of seven logit exponents for the USA only. We find that an adaptive expectation approach minimizes the error between simulated outputs and observations, with parameters that suggest that for most crops, landowners put a significant weight on previous information. Interestingly, for corn, where ethanol policies have led to a rapid growth in demand, the resulting parameters show that a larger weight is placed on more recent information. We examine the change in model parameters as the metric of model error changes, finding that the measure of model fitness affects the choice of parameter sets. Finally, we discuss how the methodology and results used in this study could be used for other regions or economic models to improve projections of future land use and land cover change.</p>

G. D. J. LaPierre, N. D. Medina Irizarry, M. G. Andreu

Soils often dictate the presence of different types of inherent natural communities. In this project we created a table that relates soil series to natural communities found in Florida. Correlation of soil series and natural communities was performed through the synthesis of land management plans, the Florida Natural Areas Inventory (FNAI) documentation of exemplary sites, along with the UC Davis Soil Resource Laboratory Soil Web Survey mapping information system (SoilWeb). The GPS coordinates and conservation site names of the selected locations for said soil series are also recorded in this table. Use of this table can help private landowners, land managers, and researchers detect current and former natural communities on sites.

article Editorial

An important problem for pharmaceutical and toxicological laboratories is quick and accurate determination of mixtures of active pharmaceutical ingredients in various samples, including blood samples. This article shows the simultaneous quantitative analysis and identification of two common pharmaceutical ingredients (paracetamol and ibuprofen) on a SCION LC 6000 liquid chromatograph with a diode array detector. As a result of the experiment, it was shown that with the help of a diode-array detector with multi-wavelength function, it is possible to determine both substances in one injection. Excellent linearity and repeatability of the SCION HPLC-DAD was demonstrated with low RSD values and high R2 values.

Bryan Habas, Jack W. Langelaan, Bo Cheng

Inverted landing in a rapid and robust manner is a challenging feat for aerial robots, especially while depending entirely on onboard sensing and computation. In spite of this, this feat is routinely performed by biological fliers such as bats, flies, and bees. Our previous work has identified a direct causal connection between a series of onboard visual cues and kinematic actions that allow for reliable execution of this challenging aerobatic maneuver in small aerial robots. In this work, we first utilized Deep Reinforcement Learning and a physics-based simulation to obtain a general, optimal control policy for robust inverted landing starting from any arbitrary approach condition. This optimized control policy provides a computationally-efficient mapping from the system's observational space to its motor command action space, including both triggering and control of rotational maneuvers. This was done by training the system over a large range of approach flight velocities that varied with magnitude and direction. Next, we performed a sim-to-real transfer and experimental validation of the learned policy via domain randomization, by varying the robot's inertial parameters in the simulation. Through experimental trials, we identified several dominant factors which greatly improved landing robustness and the primary mechanisms that determined inverted landing success. We expect the learning framework developed in this study can be generalized to solve more challenging tasks, such as utilizing noisy onboard sensory data, landing on surfaces of various orientations, or landing on dynamically-moving surfaces.

Wojciech Ziętara, Zofia Mirkowska

The paper presents an assessment of the degree of implementation of environmental and climate protection functions by Polish farms and agricultural enterprises of different size and production scale. There are differences in views on this topic in the literature, with opinions dominating on the more positive role of small farms in climate and biodiversity protection. Farm analysis was made on the basis of Statistics Poland data on farm size classes established by agricultural land area in 2016. The results of the study did not confirm the view that the production systems implemented in small farms are more environmentally friendly and have a more positive impact on the climate than those on farms of a larger production scale. This is evidenced by the sowing structure: cereal dominated in small farms, exceeding the agronomically recommended 66%, while the share of structure-forming plants – legumes, industrial oilseed and catch crops – was low. Also, the implemented organisation of animal production (not carried out at all in more than half of the small farms) consequently leads to soil degradation due to a jeopardised balance of organic matter.

Safonov M.A., Safonova T.I.

Agricultural lands occupy a special place in the structure of urban lands. There are horticultural and gardening associations on these lands. The “belts” of horticultural associations surround large cities and small settlements; dachas and vegetable gardens play the role of individual subsidiary farms and recreation areas. In Russia, the area of such lands is about 1.5 million hectares; in the Orenburg region - 18.7 thousand hectares. Studies show that horticultural ecosystems differ significantly from the adjacent urban and agricultural ecosystems in terms of the characteristics of soil and plant cover. The reason for this is private investment in the development of these territories, which needs to be managed. For the consistent development of these socio-ecological systems (SES), it is necessary to implement a soft management system. The purpose of creating and supporting of socio-ecological systems in the agricultural use zone and suburbs is the formation of a sustainable complex of natural and social conditions for gardening and recreation of residents; optimization of the belt of lands separating the city from agricultural land to reduce the impact of adverse environmental factors on urban ecosystems (wind restriction, fire safety, pests, etc.); use of these lands as carbon polygons for capturing and retaining of carbon dioxide.

Junjue Wang, Zhuo Zheng, Ailong Ma et al.

Deep learning approaches have shown promising results in remote sensing high spatial resolution (HSR) land-cover mapping. However, urban and rural scenes can show completely different geographical landscapes, and the inadequate generalizability of these algorithms hinders city-level or national-level mapping. Most of the existing HSR land-cover datasets mainly promote the research of learning semantic representation, thereby ignoring the model transferability. In this paper, we introduce the Land-cOVEr Domain Adaptive semantic segmentation (LoveDA) dataset to advance semantic and transferable learning. The LoveDA dataset contains 5987 HSR images with 166768 annotated objects from three different cities. Compared to the existing datasets, the LoveDA dataset encompasses two domains (urban and rural), which brings considerable challenges due to the: 1) multi-scale objects; 2) complex background samples; and 3) inconsistent class distributions. The LoveDA dataset is suitable for both land-cover semantic segmentation and unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) tasks. Accordingly, we benchmarked the LoveDA dataset on eleven semantic segmentation methods and eight UDA methods. Some exploratory studies including multi-scale architectures and strategies, additional background supervision, and pseudo-label analysis were also carried out to address these challenges. The code and data are available at https://github.com/Junjue-Wang/LoveDA.