The construction industry plays a vital role in economic growth, job creation, and infrastructure development worldwide. However, it remains one of the most hazardous industries, characterized by persistently high accident rates that result in injuries and fatalities. Scholars have devoted significant efforts to undertake research in exploring the causation of construction accidents. Drawing on 78 research papers published since 1998 that focus on construction causation analysis, this review paper aims to thematically synthesize what has been achieved in the last two decades to effectively help researchers identify and recognize patterns and directions to align their work with the latest developments and to contribute to better research in construction health and safety. The synthesis is organized around five themes: research focus, research methods, accident types, key factors, and modelling approaches. It clarifies and consolidates existing knowledge by demonstrating that causal factors are the main research focus, with nearly half of the examined studies addressing it. It also offers quantitative evidence confirming that the most frequent type of accident is falls in both developed and developing countries. The review also finds that the analytical methods employed generally align with the stated research focuses. Additionally, the paper finds that the most critical category in causing construction accidents is likely to be poor safety management, rather than individual human errors, and the systemic approach has been adopted in causation analysis by more and more scholars.
Objectives: Mental health literacy (MHL) is a crucial determinant of mental wellbeing and encompasses knowledge, understanding, and attitudes related to mental health and mental disorders. Presently, no systematic reviews or meta-analyses, or even literature reviews exist regarding MHL interventions targeting healthcare professionals in Japan. Therefore, this protocol for scoping review aims to provide strategies to report interventions intended at improving MHL among Japanese healthcare professionals in the workplace. Methods: The review will adhere to the methodological framework proposed by Arksey and O’Malley and enhanced by the Joanna Briggs Institute, which consists of five stages: identifying the research question; identifying relevant studies; selecting eligible studies; charting the data; and collating, summarizing, and reporting the results. This review will be reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews Extension for Scoping Reviews. The participants, concept, and context framework will be employed to identify the key elements of the research question, with the participants being Japanese healthcare professionals (doctors or nurses), the concept being the content and effectiveness of MHL intervention programs, and the context being the workplace setting in Japan. The search strategy will involve searching electronic databases, hand-searching the reference lists of the included studies, and consulting experts in the field. Strengths and limitations: Given the lack of research and reviews on this topic in Japan, this review will provide valuable insights into the current state of MHL interventions for Japanese healthcare professionals and inform future research and practice in this area.
Industrial safety. Industrial accident prevention, Medicine (General)
When zooming in on low resolution images, Lanczos interpolation method is prone to produce ringing effects at the edges and high contrast areas. When processing high texture 3D animations, the method cannot effectively optimize for different areas, significantly affecting image quality and detail representation. This study utilized SRGAN (Super-Resolution Generative Adversarial Network) to enhance image resolution details, combined with fuzzy logic and attention mechanism, adaptively focused on different regions of the image, enhanced key details and suppressed noise. The image was divided into superpixel regions using SLIC (Simple Linear Iterative Clustering) algorithm, and local features such as texture, contrast, and edge intensity were extracted; in the SRGAN model, the generator improved image resolution through deep residual blocks and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), while the discriminator optimized the generated image quality through adversarial training; at the same time, a Fuzzy Logic System (FLS) was constructed to dynamically adjust the image fuzzy degree; channel and spatial attention modules in the generator were integrated to enhance key area details. The research results indicated that Fuzzy Algorithm-SRGAN (FA-SRGAN) had an average PSNR (Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio) exceeding 32.8 dB in four test scenes; in architectural design scenes, the algorithm improved image contrast by 18%, and increased energy and uniformity by 14% and 11%, respectively. The adopted approach can significantly enhance the details of different regions in high texture 3D animation design images.
Francesca Sellaro, Roberta Pernetti, Stefano Massimo Candura
et al.
This retrospective observational study examines the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on occupational accident rates by analyzing over 500,000 Emergency Department (ED) visits from 2014 to 2022 in a Northern Italian city. Work-related injuries comprised 3.6% of total ED visits, with significant gender disparities, particularly in commuting accidents among women. During the pandemic’s initial wave, the overall ED visits decreased by 41%, while work-related injuries saw a 60% reduction. Post-pandemic, ED visits began returning to pre-pandemic levels, reflecting the healthcare system’s adaptability. Notably, high-intensity admissions requiring intensive care remained relatively stable throughout the pandemic, suggesting that individuals with urgent medical needs continued to seek care at the ED, demonstrating the healthcare system’s resilience in handling critical cases. This study highlights the complex relationship between the pandemic and workplace safety, emphasizing the need for further research to fully understand COVID-19’s impact on healthcare services.
Industrial safety. Industrial accident prevention, Medicine (General)
Gretchen Michelle Vuelvas-Robles, Julio César Cano-Gutiérrez, Jesús Everardo Olguín-Tiznado
et al.
This study analyzes the relationship between ergonomic and psychosocial risk factors and labor productivity using a bibliometric approach through a general analysis and one that includes inclusion criteria such as English language, open access, and primary research publications to identify only those articles that explicitly address the relationship between ergonomic and psychosocial risk factors and labor productivity. It is recognized that both physical and psychosocial conditions of the work environment directly influence workers’ health and organizational performance. For this purpose, a bibliometric review was conducted in academic databases, including Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and Taylor & Francis, resulting in the selection of 4794 relevant articles for general analysis. Additionally, 116 relevant articles were selected based on the inclusion criteria. Tools and methodologies, such as Rayyan, Excel, VOSviewer 1.6.20, and PRISMA, were used to classify the studies and identify trends, collaboration networks, and geographical distribution. The results reveal a sustained growth in scientific production, with clusters on occupational safety and health, work environment factors, and the characteristics of the population, approach, and methodologies used in the studies. Likewise, <i>Procedia Manufacturing</i>, <i>International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics</i>, and <i>Ergonomics</i> stand out as the main sources of publication, while countries such as Sweden, Poland, and the United States lead the scientific production in this field. In addition, the network of co-occurrence of keywords evidences a comprehensive approach that articulates physical or ergonomic and psychosocial risk factors with organizational performance, while the network of authors shows consolidated collaborations and studies focused on analyzing the relationship between physical demands and musculoskeletal disorders from advanced ergonomic approaches.
Industrial safety. Industrial accident prevention, Medicine (General)
Результати аналізу здобутих уроків застосування військ (сил) у ході ведення воєнних дій впродовж останніх років показують, що успіх ведення операцій (дій) значною мірою залежатиме від результативної вогневої підтримки. У свою чергу, досягнення її потрібної результативності неможливо без своєчасних та достовірних розвідувальних даних про об’єкти (цілі) противника із застосуванням безпілотних систем. Водночас, у теорії і практиці управління ракетними та артилерійськими підрозділами виникла неприпустима невідповідність між потребою оснащення ракетних та артилерійських підрозділів безпілотними системами й обмеженим складом таких систем за ознакою їх пріоритетності. Отже, з одного боку, існує потреба максимізувати оснащення ракетних та артилерійських підрозділів залежно від специфіки завдань вогневої підтримки, а з іншого – обмежена кількість наявних безпілотних систем, які можуть забезпечити ракетні та артилерійські підрозділи актуальними розвідувальними даними про об’єкти (цілі) противника для виконання завдань вогневої підтримки в операціях (діях). Виходячи з цього, мета статті полягає в розробленні методики визначення пріоритетності ракетних та артилерійських підрозділів для оснащення безпілотними системами. У статті набула подальшого розвитку методика розв’язування задачі багатокритеріального вибору оптимального рішення з-поміж альтернатив за ознакою пріоритетності методом експертного опитування. За таких умов, для визначення пріоритетності багатовимірної системи під час розв’язування задачі багатокритеріального вибору запропоновано застосовувати дві групи показників: важливості й пріоритетності застосування ракетних і артилерійських підрозділів. Експертне опитування узгоджують за допомогою коефіцієнта конкордації Кендала. Бальні оцінки показників, отриманих експертами, приводять до єдиної безрозмірної шкали переваг, для чого використовують узагальнену функцію переваг Харрінгтона. Запропоновану методику пропонується застосовувати в органах військового управління під час визначення пріоритетності ракетних та артилерійських підрозділів для їх оснащення безпілотними системами
Sunarsih Sunarsih, Sasongko Dwi Purwantoro, Khabibah Siti
et al.
A fuzzy optimization model was implemented in this study as a decision-making approach to optimize pollutant degradation processes in facultative ponds of domestic wastewater treatment plants. The fuzzy parameters are due to uncertain situations, which eliminate the need for managers to collect data, particularly when the data are no longer represent the real situation. The managers formulate the fuzzy parameters in the problem based on their intuition and experience in using the provided decision-making tool. Also, the fuzzy optimization model proposed in this study was solved using the fuzzy-based programming approach with the generalized gradient algorithm performed in LINGO 19.0 optimization software. In addition, the numerical experiment was conducted with secondary and generated data for the certain and fuzzy parameters, respectively. The results showed that optimal decisions were achieved and the manager can then use the proposed model in managing domestic wastewater treatment plants.
Agriss Amine, Agouzoul Mohamed, Ettaouil Abdeslem
et al.
In the present study, new drag reduction techniques applied to aerodynamic structures have been developed. The test cases have been numerically performed using three simplified models. Simulations have been performed by using the CFD software Ansys fluent. The first case deals with a laminar flow over a flat plate. Drag reduction is obtained by corrugating the shape of the plate. The second case treats a laminar flow over a NACA 0012 airfoil. By the addition of a device fixed on the flow separation point, the drag could be reduced. The last case concerns a turbulent flow over the Ahmed body. Drag reduction is obtained by the perforation of a conduit leading a part of the flow from the front to be injected at the rear of the body.
Розвиток телекомунікаційних технологій, в тому числі й радіорелейних та тропосферних, актуалізує проблему підвищення стійкості мереж у зв’язку з постійним підвищенням вимог до якості їх функціонування. Особливої уваги на теперішній час, враховуючи досвід ООС, потребує необхідність вдосконалення методів упередження та нейтралізації негативних впливів на телекомунікаційні мережі, які в наш час постійно вдосконалюються та відбуваються в формах, яких раніше не існувало. Збільшується кількість випадків негативних впливів на телекомунікаційні мережі, які наносять шкоду не тільки фізичній структурі мережі, а й логічній, що, в свою чергу, вимагає розглядати питання оцінки підвищення живучості не тільки в аспекті структурної живучості, а й в аспекті продуктивності програмного управління різнорідним трафіком. Додатково необхідно приділити увагу безпеці функціонування з’єднань та передачі інформації по ним.
Метою даної статті є аналіз найбільш актуальних методів та методик забезпечення та підвищення необхідного рівня живучості та звуження кола наукових досліджень для подальшої оптимізації або пошуку більш вдалої комбінації методів чи створення вдосконаленої методики для підвищення ефективності у вирішенні проблем пов’язаних з забезпеченням необхідного рівня живучості телекомунікаційних мереж та систем.
При дослідженнях живучості можливо використовувати ряд різних теоретичних підходів і, таким чином, застосування різних методів аналізу: теоретико-ігрових, імовірнісних, детермінованих, графо-аналітичних. Імовірнісний і детермінований підходи є найбільш розробленими для технічних цілей, а тому є перспективними для вдосконалення та оптимізації.
The article deals with the prognosis for the development of vulnerability of objects within fire protection. The article defines vulnerability, its significance, causes, analysis, criteria and determination. The following section deals with a brief historical development of the vulnerability of buildings in fire protection, followed by a section on the current state of vulnerability of buildings in fire protection. The following parts of the article deal with the prognosis of the development of objects' vulnerability for the years 2030, 2040 and 2050. The prognostic method, description, application, and final result of the prognosis are chosen within these parts.
Industrial safety. Industrial accident prevention, Risk in industry. Risk management
Who and how should prepare the list of web sites for the specific math course? In the article we discuss the principles of selection taking into consideration topics, methods of teaching, and relations between the web sites. Our proposal is to prepare your own list (directory) for every course.
Marc-André Vef, R. Steiner, Reza Salkhordeh
et al.
Data-driven applications are becoming increasingly important in numerous industrial and scientific fields, growing the need for scalable data storage, such as object storage. Yet, many data-driven applications cannot use object interfaces directly and often have to rely on third-party file system connectors that support only a basic representation of objects as files in a flat namespace. With sometimes millions of objects per bucket, this simple organization is insufficient for users and applications who are usually only interested in a small subset of objects. These huge buckets are not only lacking basic semantic properties and structure, but they are also challenging to manage from a technical perspective as object store file systems cannot cope with such directory sizes. DelveFS is the first object store file system that solves this challenge by offering the ability to compose a custom semantic file system that allows multiple unique views onto the object store. Through flexible filters, users can specify each view's content, tailored to their unique interests or an application's requirements. By processing object store events which describe changes in the object store, DelveFS is able to keep all views eventually consistent. DelveFS allows to operate concurrently through the object and file system interfaces on the same set of objects, delivering similar file system throughput compared to the native object store interfaces or other file system connectors. DelveFS is the first object store file system that solves this challenge by offering the ability to compose a custom semantic file system that allows multiple unique views onto the object store. Through flexible filters, users can specify each view's content, tailored to their unique interests or an application's requirements. By processing object store events which describe changes in the object store, DelveFS is able to keep all views eventually consistent. DelveFS allows to operate concurrently through the object and file system interfaces on the same set of objects, delivering similar file system throughput compared to the native object store interfaces or other file system connectors.
The purpose of the study examined Innovation and Market Mix on Growth of Export Firms: Empirical Evidence from Selected Export Firms in Kenya. The study applied the survey research design.The target population consisted of 770 export firms registered by Export Promotion Council. The directory of Export Promotion Council was the source of data. The sample frame was stratified into seven sub-sectors, namely: agricultural, manufacturing, commercial crafts, services, mining, industrial and energy. The sample size was 169 export firms. Data was collected using structured questionnaires. The study adopted descriptive inferential data analysis and structure Equation Modelling.Findings:indicated that Innovativeness Split Model yielded Ratio Index (2.013), p<0.05 hence significant, Innovativeness Split Model has aweak significant ; Ratio index (2.224)- less than 0.5 .In comparison,Innovative and MarketingMix Models differ indicates that constraining parameters worsened on overall model fit specifically on Innovativeness.The results further yielded a percentage error difference of 10% on the Innovativeness while percentage error difference of 1 % on Marketing Mix indicating that Marketing Mix was effective than Innovativeness Model .Conclusion: Results indicate a strong relationship between Marketing Mix and Growth of Export Firms and a low correlation between Innovativeness and Growth of Export Firms .Marketing Mix loaded higher than Innovativeness in support of Growth of Export Firms.Recommendations: Firms needs to focus on Marketing Mix,to carry out training and harness further research on Innovativeness.Contribution:were MarketingMixModel_A ,Innovativeness_B and the techniques employed in testing the model are evidence to add value on researches. Agricultural, manufacturing, commercial crafts, services, mining, industrial and energy.
This paper analyses the content of fatal electrical accident records (n=157) in Finland during the years 1980–2019 in order to identify and classify accident types and causes. During the 40-year period, the death rate from electrical accidents has decreased from 0.29 per 100,000 people per year to 0.00-0.07 in the last decade. The number of accidents rooting from accidentally touching live parts and by making illegal electrical installations has plummeted. Of all fatalities, 37% could probably have been prevented if the circuit had been protected with a residual current device, which is now mandatory in new installations. The most common electrical accident in 2010–2019 was an electric shock from a railway overhead power line. Of fatal electrical accidents, 76% occur between April and September and 92.5% of victims are male. Child casualties are very rare. The level of electrical safety can be considered acceptable, but educating the public still has room for improvement.
Industrial clusters and special economic zones are key areas of focus for industrial policy makers who are aiming to expand the industrial base and increase competitiveness. Thus, the role of development of industrial clusters in the productivity improvement of manufacturing firms merits attention. We use the firm-level Census of Manufacturing Industries (CMI) and Directory of Industries (DOI) datasets to empirically investigate the relationship between agglomeration and firm level total factor productivity for different sectors in Punjab, Pakistan. Our findings suggest that there is a correlation between localization, urbanization and total factor productivity of firms in the Punjab. However, the relationship varies by sectors, necessarily pointing industrial policy towards sector-specific recommendations.
Сучасні умови застосування Збройних Сил України визначають нові вимоги до організації навчання та підготовки військових фахівців. Існує нагальна потреба в розробленні нових технологій навчання, підвищенні рівня засвоювання навчального матеріалу та удосконаленні способів контролю його засвоєння. Тому в статті на основі досвіду кафедри військової підготовки Сумського державного університету наводяться основні інноваційні напрями застосування інформаційних технологій у підготовці військових фахівців (на прикладі спеціалістів РВ і А), а саме, створення мультимедійних навчальних комплексів за артилерійською тематикою, створення комп’ютерних навчальних систем, впровадження інформаційних і кейс – технологій у систему підготовки військових фахівців, розроблення мультимедійних віртуальних тренажерів (симуляторів), моделювання навчальних ігор, розроблення системи автоматизованої оцінки знань та розроблення інформаційно-дистанційно-тренажерної системи навчання. Автори започатковують власний підхід щодо концепції застосування сучасних методів викладання військово-технічних дисциплін з метою подальшого їх обговорення, розвитку та впровадження в освітній процес ВВНЗ. В даній статті розглянуто лише частина основних інноваційних напрямів застосування інформаційних технологій. Решта напрямів буде проаналізовано та представлено в наступних публікаціях.
The working conditions of the combine operator are investigated. It is revealed that the leading occupational hazards of the worker are microclimate adverse parameters. Based on the analysis of the harvester cabin thermal state during summer and winter operation, a system of microclimate normalization is proposed, for which the main functional characteristics — cold and heat capacity — are determined. According to the calculation results, the relationship between these characteristics and the operating speed of the combine is established. Computer modelling of heat and mass transfer in the conditions of active ventilation of the cabin allows us to get a more detailed picture of the formation of streams of air movement and temperature in the working area of the operator and to recommend measures of thermal protection.