Hasil untuk "Education (General)"

Richard Draper

Naim Salkić, Ana Budimir, Namik Trtak et al.

Introduction: Sensory integration is the way in which the nervous system processes information from the senses. Irregularities or disturbances in brain function that make it difficult to integrate sensory input from stimuli lead to sensory disintegration. The proprioceptive sensory system provides information about joint and body movements, extent, strength, duration and direction of movement, position of the body or body parts in space, and muscle tone. The aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence of sensory integration disorders of the proprioceptive sensory system in children with intellectual disabilities and children without developmental disabilities and to determine whether the existing difference is statistically significant. Methods: The study was conducted on a sample of 60 respondents. The first subsample of respondents (n = 30) consisted of children with intellectual disabilities. The second subsample of respondents (n = 30) consisted of children without developmental disabilities of the same chronological age. The measuring instrument “Questionnaire for examining proprioceptive sensory sensitivity” was used. Data were collected by observing the respondents and interviewing the rehabilitator and the child’s parents. The frequencies and percentages of the respondents’ answers for all variables were calculated. To determine the statistical significance of differences, the Mann-Whitney U test and Wilcoxon W test were used at a statistical significance level of p < 0.05. Results: The results show that 81.4% of children with intellectual disabilities have difficulties with sensory integration of the sensations of the proprioceptive sensory system, manifested as hypersensitivity (37.6%), hyposensitivity (19.5%), and mixed sensory response (24.3%). Sensory integration difficulties are also experienced by 75.7% of children without developmental disabilities, manifested by hypersensitivity (17.62%), hyposensitivity (27.6%), and mixed sensory reactions (30.5%). There is a statistically significant difference in the variables: high-risk games, fine motor tasks, and activities requiring physical strength. For the other variables, the difference in sensory integration is not statistically significant. Conclusion: 81.4% of children with intellectual disabilities and 75.7% of children without developmental disabilities have difficulties in sensory integration of the proprioceptive sensory system. Children with intellectual disabilities show better integration of proprioceptive sensory input in activities requiring physical strength and in activities with eyes closed or covered. In all other activities, they show poorer sensory integration of proprioceptive sensations than children without developmental disabilities.

Sri Wulandari, Surti Kurniasih, Indarini Dwi Pursitasari et al.

This study aims to conduct a needs analysis in the development of electronic modules based on project-based learning with a focus on human reproductive system material. The research method used in descriptive qualitative research involving interviews, observations, written tests and questionnaires as data collection instruments. Teaching materials developed in the form of interactive e-modules that can contain text, images, and learning videos, as an independent learning effort that is systematically arranged. The results of the needs analysis of 108 students in class XI IPA obtained 91% of handbooks used by students are not sufficient learning resources. According to 94% of students have difficulty understanding human reproductive system material, 91% of students need other learning resources that can be understood independently. The results of the analysis of the critical thinking skills test profile obtained an average score of 39,8% in the low category and creative thinking obtained an average score of 39,1 in the low category of 108 students in class XI IPA. These results indicate the need to develop teaching materials in the form of interactive e-modules of human reproductive system based on project-based learning to improve critical thinking skilss and creative thinking skills.

Dr. Mohamad Abdulrazzak Cheikho

Penser de l'avenir de l'éducation n'est plus un appel isolé fait par un chercheur ici ou là dans le sphère éducatif, ce n'est même plus un des slogans frappants répétés par certains candidats aux campagnes électorales, c'est désormais le titre de toute une époque. Plusieurs systèmes éducatifs au tour du monde, dont celui de la Syrie en fait partie, cherchent sans cesse des réponses aux questions substantielles; à quoi former ceux qui édifieront la société de demain? à quel paradigme éducatif faut-il faire recours pour construire les programmes scolaires?, .. etc. Hélas, personne ne peut dire avec précision de quoi sera fait demain, mais des recherches nombreuses démontrent que la transdisciplinarité est une alternative pertinente pour l'éducation du futur. En Syrie, les travaux de recherche sur l'état de lieu de l'éducation dévoilent que les programmes scolaires n'arrivent pas à se conformer aux besoins du marché de l’emploi, ni à faire face à la croissance mondiale du savoir. Cet état d'affaires était derrière l'hypothèse du manque des aspects transdisciplinaires dans ces programmes. De ce fait, la recherche actuelle vise à explorer les potentialités transdisciplinaires de leurs normes fondatrices de base. Pour rejoindre cet objectif, le contenu de l'ensemble des normes relatives au programme de la classe première de l'enseignement élémentaire est analysé. Les résultats montrent que l'approche disciplinaires est encore très forte dans le contexte éducatif syrien et que les normes nationales syriennes actuelles ne peuvent pratiquement pas donner accès à un esprit transdisciplinaire

Risza Subiantoro, Margarita M Maramis, Nining Febriana et al.

Introduction: Postoperative depression is a condition of depressive effects in patients without symptoms of depressive mood that occurs a few weeks after surgery and persists for at least 2 weeks. It generally possesses the same symptoms as major depressive disorder. Review: Their difference is that surgery is the trigger of depression in postoperative depression cases. Postoperative depression is associated with increased patients’ morbidity and mortality, increased the risk of disease complications, reduced postoperative healing process, prolonged the duration of treatment, and reduced patients’ quality of life. Therefore, mental health conditions should always be assessed on patients after undergoing surgery. Postoperative depression therapy needs to consider the benefits of antidepressants and adequate pain management. Antidepressant considerations also need to consider interactions with other drugs. Psychotherapy and cognitive behavioral therapy are also useful in postoperative depression management. Conclusion: This review is aimed to give insight about postoperative depression, its importance, and how to treat it.

Muhammad Fazis

This study aims to find the meaning and describe the management of organizational culture change in the educational environment at the Sumatra Thawalib Islamic Boarding School, Parabek. The research method used in this research is qualitative with the type of phenomenological study. The instrument in this research is the researcher himself. Data collection techniques are used in the form of in-depth interviews, participant observation, and documentation. The guarantee of the validity of the data is carried out by triangulation of sources and increasing the persistence of researchers in understanding each data obtained. The results showed that the management of organizational culture change in the educational environment at the Sumatra Thawalib Islamic Boarding School, Parabek Evidencettinggi is contained in the acronym "THAWALIB" which consists of (1) Taqwa; (2) himmah; (3) Ahl al-'ilmi wa al-'worship; (4) Wara'; (5) Trust; (6) Layin; (7) Istiqomah; (8) Birrul. The core values of the management of organizational culture change as stated in the eight core values are reflected in various aspects of life that exist in the Educational Institutions at the Sumatra Thawalib Islamic Boarding School, Parabek, Bukittinggi. The management of organizational culture change which is reflected in the acronym for the name of the Islamic boarding school is also the core values of how the educational institution is run to achieve the vision, mission, and goals that have been set.

Nicole DePasquale, Jamie A. Green, Patti L. Ephraim et al.

Rationale &amp; Objective: Choosing from multiple kidney failure treatment modalities can create decisional conflict, but little is known about this experience before decision implementation. We explored decisional conflict about treatment for kidney failure and its associated patient characteristics in the context of advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD). Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting &amp; Participants: Adults (N = 427) who had advanced CKD, received nephrology care in Pennsylvania-based clinics, and had no history of dialysis or transplantation. Predictors: Participants’ sociodemographic, physical health, nephrology care/knowledge, and psychosocial characteristics. Outcomes: Participants’ results on the Sure of myself; Understand information; Risk-benefit ratio; Encouragement (SURE) screening test for decisional conflict (no decisional conflict vs decisional conflict). Analytical Approach: We used multivariable logistic regression to quantify associations between aforementioned participant characteristics and decisional conflict. We repeated analyses among a subgroup of participants at highest risk of kidney failure within 2 years. Results: Most (76%) participants reported treatment-related decisional conflict. Participant characteristics associated with lower odds of decisional conflict included complete satisfaction with patient–kidney team treatment discussions (OR, 0.16; 95% CI, 0.03-0.88; P = 0.04), attendance of treatment education classes (OR, 0.38; 95% CI, 0.16-0.90; P = 0.03), and greater treatment-related decision self-efficacy (OR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.94-0.99; P < 0.01). Sensitivity analyses showed a similarly high prevalence of decisional conflict (73%) and again demonstrated associations of class attendance (OR, 0.26; 95% CI, 0.07-0.96; P = 0.04) and decision self-efficacy (OR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.91-0.99; P = 0.03) with decisional conflict. Limitations: Single-health system study. Conclusions: Decisional conflict was highly prevalent regardless of CKD progression risk. Findings suggest efforts to reduce decisional conflict should focus on minimizing the mismatch between clinical practice guidelines and patient-reported engagement in treatment preparation, facilitating patient–kidney team treatment discussions, and developing treatment education programs and decision support interventions that incorporate decision self-efficacy–enhancing strategies.

Бешенков Сергей Александрович, Ракитина Елена Александровна, Миндзаева Этери Викторовна

Juwaini Juwaini, Taslim HM. Yasin, M. Anzaikhan

The friction between madhhabs in Aceh, especially between the Ahlisunnah Wal Jamaah (Aswaja) and Wahabi have become increasingly sharp in recent decades. Religious tolerance in Aceh has suffered a setback with the existence of various religious incidents such as the expulsion of preachers, seizure of mosque control, burning of mosque foundations. The Aswaja party is dominated by ulama Dayah (Islamic school scholars) and their followers, while the Wahabi party is aimed at campus Islamic scholars, especially those with Middle Eastern backgrounds. In response to these findings, PTAI (Perguruan Tinggi Agama Islam/Islamic Higher Education) in Aceh offered various solutions. UIN Ar-Raniry seeks to bring together Ulama Dayah and campus scholars to carry out dialogue and consensus. IAIN Langsa prefers not to be involved in the Aswaja and Wahabi conflicts because they consider the friction of madhhab in Aceh is not purely a religious issue, but rather a political one. STAIN Dirundeng Meulaboh is more inclined to the Aswaja and so is the Al-Muslim Bireuen Campus considering having leaders from the Muhammadiyah circle.