Alireza Hajiheidari, Mahmoud Reza Delavar, Abbas Rajabifard
Enriching and updating maps are among the most important tasks of any urban management organization for informed decision making. Urban cadastral map enrichment is a time-consuming and costly process, which needs an expert’s opinion for quality control. This research proposes a smart framework to enrich a cadastral base map using a more up-to-date map automatically by machine learning algorithms. The proposed framework has three main steps, including parcel matching, parcel change detection and base map enrichment. The matching step is performed by checking the center point of each parcel in the other map parcels. Support vector machine and random forest classification algorithms are used to detect the changed parcels in the base map. The proposed models employ the genetic algorithm for feature selection and grey wolf optimization and Harris hawks optimization for hyperparameter optimization to improve accuracy and performance. By assessing the accuracies of the models, the random forest model with feature selection and grey wolf optimization, with an F1-score of 0.9018, was selected for the parcel change detection method. Finally, the detected changed parcels in the base map are deleted and relocated automatically with corresponding parcels in the more up-to-date map by the affine transformation.
Contamination between photogrammetry and computers vision is a process which began at least a decade ago and yes is now in a mature stage, though not yet complete. Also, we are currently assisting at the entrance of technologies arising from robotics in the field of topography, such as i portable mapping systems mobile (MMS – Mobile Mapping Systems).
The Ukrainian people, with the votes of 90.3% of those who took part in the All-Ukrainian referendum on December 1, 1991 in support of the Declaration of Independence of Ukraine, confirmed their right to land established by the Declaration of State Sovereignty of Ukraine. According to the Constitution of Ukraine, land is recognized as the main national wealth, which is under special protection of the state.
The State Committee of Ukraine for Land Resources was established in 1992 of , which was directly subordinated to the Cabinet of Ministers and implemented the state policy in the field of land relations was carried out by the said central executive body.Beginning in 2000, the State Committee was transformed into the State Agency, which in 2008 was reorganized into the State Committee, then returned to its previous name, and in 2014 was transformed into the State Service of Ukraine for Geodesy, Cartography and Cadastre (State Geocadastre). For the latter body, the powers to implement state policy in the field of geospatial data infrastructure, topographic, geodetic and cartographic activities instead of implementing state policy in the field of land relations became decisive.
Land relations are public relations concerning the possession, use and disposal of land. They are represented by a separate branch of law - land, which belongs to its profiling branches. This branch exists in direct connection with the basic (fundamental) branches of law that regulate primary social relations. Topographic, geodetic and cartographic activities, the sphere of national infrastructure of geospatial data do not belong to land relations. The activities of the State Agency have been directed and coordinated by five Ministries for 17 years. The implementation of state policy in the field of land relations has become a secondary task for the second body.
The purpose of the studyis to analyze the process of transformation of public authorities on the formation and implementation of state land policy, its impact on land use in the state and justification of directions and ways to preserve the main national wealth.
It is established that imperfection in the field of land use and protection management and the lease model of agricultural land use have deprived the economic motivation to introduce soil protection technologies in production, due to which most of the soil cover is in pre-crisis condition. A stable negative balance of humus, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium has been formed in agroecosystems.
That was recognized as an urgent comprehensive program to neutralize challenges and threats in the environmental sphere, the National Security and Defense Council adopted a decision on this issue in March 2021.The paper focuses on the reference to state control of land use, supports the idea of improving the content of land monitoring and the procedure for its conduct, suggests ways to increase the role of state bodies in improving the land management system
Key words: land use management, land protection, land relations, land management, land monitoring, soil fertility.
Maryam Barzegar, Abbas Rajabifard, Mohsen Kalantari
et al.
Property boundaries have a significant importance in cadaster as they define the legal extent of the ownership rights. Among 3D data models, Industry Foundation Class (IFC) provides the potential capabilities for modelling property boundaries in a 3D environment. In some jurisdictions, such as Victoria, Australia, some property boundaries are assigned to the faces of building elements which are modelled as solids in IFC. In order to retrieve these property boundaries, boundary identification analysis should be performed, and faces of building elements should be extracted. However, extracting faces of solids from an IFC file is not possible as faces of solids are not considered as a separate object-type. Therefore, this paper aims to develop a spatial query approach for the identification of property boundaries using 3D spatial operators of a database to address this problem. The viability of the developed approach is tested using an IFC-based 3D cadastral database with two real datasets and one test dataset. The proposed methodology not only supports vertical walls and horizontal roofs but can also be used for detecting boundaries in properties surrounded by complex building structures such as oblique and curved walls and roofs.
Agnieszka Trystuła, Małgorzata Dudzińska, Ryszard Źróbek
The idea behind the Infrastructure for Spatial Information in Europe (INSPIRE) project was to provide EU citizens with access to various types of information, including environmental protection and spatial management data. These resources can be viewed (Web Map Service—WMS) and downloaded (Web Feature Service—WFS) online. Cadastral datasets represent one of the 34 spatial data themes in the spatial data infrastructure (SDI). The functionality of the SDI has not yet been fully achieved due to the failure of the WMS and WFS network services. The aim of this article was to assess the completeness of the SDI containing cadastral datasets. The present study has practical implications. The proposed diagnostic tool supports an assessment of the completeness of SDI resources in seven diagnostic groups (technical and legal identifiers, the cadastral information profile, the WMS network service, the WFS network service, source cadastral databases, data validity, and WMS and WFS standardization). The developed assessment methodology enables the identification of websites that publish cadastral data through INSPIRE network services, as well as problematic websites, and it has high development potential. The results of the assessment should be used in the ongoing construction of the SDI. They can also be used to improve the quality of network services and their availability for end users.
At the half of July 2017, a big wildfire destroys a large area of Vesuvio and Mount Somma in the Vesuvio National Park. In this work, we have used Landsat8 multispectral set of images to study the area before and after the fire.
We have used tiles of 05-05-2017 and 24-07-2017. On the set of the images, we have applied the DOS for pass from TOA (Top Of the Atmosphere) to BOA (Bottom Of the Atmosphere). After this correction, we have applied
the Pansharpening with the aim of improving images resolution from 30m/px to 15m/px. Therefore we have estimate NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index), NBR (Normalized Burn Ratio) and temperature of
the ground before and after the fire.
Flavia Lorenzani, Francesca Perrone, Emanuele Tarquini
et al.
One of the main debate topics between citizens and people who manage public property is urban quality of life. The project aims to evaluate the spatial distribution of basic primary services (such as pharmacies, doctors' offices and shops that sell all the basic necessities) concerning people with reduced mobility, in order to provide cognitive tools in support of a land-use planning (managed by local authorities), which meets the needs of the resident population. We decided to consider the village of Tivoli. The city shows some service management issues, mainly due to the presence of two portions with reduced intermobility. As regards the analysis of population, starting from the sections of ISTAT data, we evaluated the distribution of the population characterized by reduced mobility in the different parts, related to the onset of chronic diseases in age groups above 60 years. This study aims to suggest local authorities to optimize the redistribution of the above-written services and to improve the accessibility for people with reduced mobility.
Il Comune di Cesena svolge dal 2005 una georeferenziazione degli incidenti stradali sui propri territori, raccog liendo una mole di dati che saranno pubblicati su un portale accessibile liberamente. Scopo del portale è informare i cittadini rispetto ai luog hi ad elevato tasso di incidentalità, alla trasparenza dell’ente rispetto agli interventi di sicurezza stradale e alle azioni di controllo nei period i critici.
The Municipality of Cesena held since 2005, a georeferencing of road accidents of its territory. Since January 2015 these data will be published on the new open data portal of the City realized with technology StatPortal Open Data. By acting as "data visualization" these open geo data will be accessible via the web with maps, charts and graphs with multiple benefits, from increased knowledge of citizens compared to places with a high accident rate to the transparency of the institution from the measures road safety and control actions during critical periods.
Contribution of an SDI to the decisions of the Climate Change Conference
EUROGI suggested to Mr. Barroso President of EC that as part of the European Union's contribution to the negotiation process that a commitment to establish a GSDI be included into the Copenhagen agreement on the Climate Changes. EUROGI also suggests that the Union representatives put forward INSPIRE as a good/best practice example of how a multi-national SDI may be created. All types of information relevant to climate change (weather patterns, population movements, energy production and usage, carbon emissions, financial flows linked to compensation mechanisms, flooding etc) would be virtually meaningless, or at least very substantially less useful, without a geographic location component.
The paper presents a research project submitted to the MIUR (Ministry of Education, University and Research), in response to the Notice of PRIN (Scientific Research Programmes of Relevant National Interest) for the year 2012. The "Fairness, Land register and territory government" project addresses the core of property taxation and, in particular, how such fairness can be guaranteed in Italy only through a process of revision of the land register estimates. In Italy, in fact, land register values have been completely disconnected from the real market values of the assets and, therefore, from their characteristics and quality.
The project aims to define the most appropriate methodology for the revision of land register values of the entire national heritage, which satisfy the requirements of scientific rigour and which are also applicable.
It considers the timing of the estimate of the values as a specific step in a broader methodology, which includes the node of technological infrastructures and databases. In fact it conceives the land register, with its databases, as the heart of Lis (Land Information System) and also considers the process of reviewing
the estimates from the perspective of providing the basis for more modern property taxation, able to recognise and delimit territorially the dynamics of values and, in particular, those that manifest themselves in the form of exogenous monetary factors produced by public interventions, whether they are large projects and/or infrastructure developments.
Arianna Pesci, Giuseppe Casula, Giordano Teza
et al.
Il GPS (Global Positioning System) è un noto sistema di posizionamento globale in grado di fornire le coordinate spaziali di unoperatore, se munito di antenna e ricevitore satellitari, in qualunque punto della terra esso si trovi, in qualunque condizionemeteo ed in qualsiasi ora del giorno. Oggi al GPS, che è di proprietà del Dipartimento della Difesa degli Stati Uniti d'America(US DoD), si affiancano il GLONASS (sistema analogo russo) e altri sistemi di posizionamento globale basati su tecniche interferometriche spaziali a partire da segnali a microonde, ad esempio i nascenti Galileo (europeo) e BeiDou (cinese). Per questo motivo si parla diffusamente di sistemi GNSS cioè Global Navigation Satellite System.
Remote monitoring of deformations in the island of Santorini: an integrated procedure for GPS data analysis at the INGV in Bologna
The GPS (Global Positioning System) is a well-known global positioning system capable of providing the spatial coordi-nates of an operator, if equipped with an antenna and a re-ceiver satellite, at any point on the earth , and in any weather conditions and at any time of the day. Today, the GPS, which is owned by the Department of Defense of the United States of America (U.S. DoD), is aided by the GLONASS (the Russian analogue system) and other global positioning systems based on interferometry from space microwave signals, for example, the nascent Galileo (European) and Beidou (China). For this reason we talk at today about GNSS Global Navigation Satel-lite System.
Položajna natančnost zemljiškokatastrskega prikaza (ZKP) kot enega od temeljnih elementov kakovosti zbirk prostorskih podatkov je v Republiki Sloveniji pereča tema. Ob pritisku institucionalnih in drugih uporabnikov se je Geodetska uprava Republike Slovenije odločila za uvajanje izboljšav. Na Oddelku za geodezijo Fakultete za gradbeništvo in geodezijo Univerze v Ljubljani smo ob tej pobudi ustanovili skupino, ki je začela natančneje preskušati tako imenovano membransko metodo. Najprej smo začeli razvijati programski modul za metodo končnih elementov in geodetske izravnave, zatem pa smo za namen testiranja uporabili tržno različico nemškega proizvajalca. Z uporabo membranske metode in vključitvijo domeritev je mogoče učinkovito izboljšati homogenost položajne natančnosti ZKP, če se pri tem nedvoumno uporabljajo osnovna načela geodetske stroke (metode koordinatne geometrije, topologija, izravnava, zakon o prenosu pogreškov itd.). Prispevek je namenjen bolj prikazu obstoječih in mogočih metod izboljšave položajne natančnosti ZKP kot pa predstavitvi rezultatov naših prvih raziskav ; The positional accuracy of the land cadastral index map (a graphical presentation termed ‘ZKP’), as one of the basic elements of spatial database quality, is a topic of on-going interest in the Republic of Slovenia. Mainly due to the pressures of institutional and other users of these data, the Surveying and Mapping Authority of the Republic of Slovenia has decided to implement improvements. At the Department of Geodesy, Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering, University of Ljubljana, a working group was established in order to analyse and test in particular the so-called membrane method for this purpose. At the beginning, we started to develop our own program for the finite element method of geodetic adjustments, and then we continued to test the commercial solution of German provider. The membrane method, together with additional measurements, provides the possibility for an effective improvement of the heterogeneity of land cadastral graphical presentation (ZKP), where the basic principles of geodesy must be strongly respected (methods of the coordinate geometry, topology, adjustments, error propagation law, etc.). This article is meant to introduce existing and possible solutions for the improvements of the positional accuracy of the ZKP and not to present the results of our first research.