Hasil untuk "Journalism. The periodical press, etc."

Євгенія Кияниця

Об’єктом дослідження виступає медіа як багаторівнева комунікаційна система, що охоплює технологічні, когнітивні, соціокультурні та етичні виміри своєї дії в умовах цифрової трансформації та зміни інформаційної взаємодії. Актуальність теми полягає в необхідності концептуального осмислення того, як сучасні медіа перестають бути пасивним каналом передавання даних і набувають статусу активного фундатора культурної матриці, колективної свідомості та поведінкових моделей, що визначає потребу в новій метатеоретичній рамці – медіалогії – здатній забезпечити інтегрований підхід до вивчення складної реальності, де комунікаційні процеси постають у взаємодії гуманітарних, соціальних і технологічних чинників. Мета полягає у розробці міждисциплінарної конструкції метатеорії медіалогії, що систематизує сучасне знання про медіа та обґрунтовує значущість таких концептів, як медіаграмотність, етична відповідальність у медіасфері та культурна норма в цифрову епоху, для підвищення інформаційної стійкості та розвитку рефлексивної медіаповедінки. Методи дослідження охоплюють теоретичний аналіз, що дає змогу осмислити природу і багатогранність медіа; аналітико-синтетичний підхід у поєднанні з моделлю системного мислення для формування інтегративної метатеорії; а також емпіричну верифікацію теоретичних положень шляхом онлайн-опитування експертів (метод CAWI), спрямованого на виявлення оцінок і пріоритетів у сучасному баченні медіа як соціального інституту. Головні висновки зводяться до того, що медіалогія функціонує як метатеорія, що забезпечує міждисциплінарну єдність дослідницьких підходів, дозволяє синтезувати емпіричні дані, критичні інтерпретації та філософські узагальнення, а також створює цілісну рамку для осмислення й моделювання медіасередовища як чинника культурного творення, етичної взаємодії та когнітивної навігації в умовах інформаційної складності, де медіаграмотність, медіаетика й медіакультура постають не ізольованими категоріями, а взаємопов’язаними ланками у формуванні відповідальної публічної сфери, що протистоїть маніпулятивним впливам, забезпечуючи стійкість до інформаційних викривлень та формуючи нову гуманістичну чутливість

Ashish Hingle, Aditya Johri

This research paper presents a study of undergraduate technology students' self-reflective learning about artificial intelligence (AI). Research on AI literacy proposes that learners must develop five competencies associated with AI: awareness, knowledge, application, evaluation, and development. It is important to understand what, how, and why students learn about AI so formal instruction can better support their learning. We conducted a reflective journal study where students described their interactions with AI each week. Data was collected over six weeks and analyzed using an emergent interpretive process. We found that the participants were aware of AI, expressed opinions on their future use of AI skills, and conveyed conflicted feelings about developing deep AI expertise. They also described ethical concerns with AI use and saw themselves as intermediaries of knowledge for friends and family. We present the implications of this study and propose ideas for future work in this area.

Reza Nematirad, Anil Pahwa, Balasubramaniam Natarajan

Residential electricity demand forecasting is critical for efficient energy management and grid stability. Accurate predictions enable utility companies to optimize planning and operations. However, real-world residential electricity demand data often exhibit intricate temporal variability, including multiple seasonalities, periodicities, and abrupt fluctuations, which pose significant challenges for forecasting models. Previous models that rely on statistical methods, recurrent, convolutional neural networks, and transformers often struggle to capture these intricate temporal dynamics. To address these challenges, we propose the Seasonal-Periodic Decomposition Network (SPDNet), a novel deep learning framework consisting of two main modules. The first is the Seasonal-Trend Decomposition Module (STDM), which decomposes the input data into trend, seasonal, and residual components. The second is the Periodical Decomposition Module (PDM), which employs the Fast Fourier Transform to identify the dominant periods. For each dominant period, 1D input data is reshaped into a 2D tensor, where rows represent periods and columns correspond to frequencies. The 2D representations are then processed through three submodules: a 1D convolution to capture sharp fluctuations, a transformer-based encoder to model global patterns, and a 2D convolution to capture interactions between periods. Extensive experiments conducted on real-world residential electricity load data demonstrate that SPDNet outperforms traditional and advanced models in both forecasting accuracy and computational efficiency. The code is available in this repository: https://github.com/Tims2D/SPDNet.

O. V. Matveyev

Introduction. The author considers the historical and literary heritage of I. I. Dmitrenko as an integral phenomenon, claiming that it was an important place in the development of provincial historiography of pre-revolutionary Russia.Materials and methods. The work uses the historical-systemic method, which made it possible to consider the life path and historical heritage of I. I. Dmitrenko as an integral system in which all blocks and elements (the history of the Kuban Cossacks, provincial historiography, the service of a Cossack officer, literary and social activities, personalities, etc.) are interconnected and conditioned. The source base comprises archival funds of federal and regional significance, as well as historical and literary works by I. I. Dmitrenko, identified in the capital and regional materials of the periodical press, collections of historical documents compiled by a historian, etc.Analysis. The author specifies a number of data about the life and legacy of I. I. Dmitrenko. A study of I. I. Dmitrenko’s publications in Kubanskie Oblastnye Vedomosti showed that his articles and notes are a meaningful source on the personal history of the Troops, provide biographical information, and brief descriptions of Kuban generals and officers. One of the main directions of historical and literary creativity of I. I. Dmitrenko is the preservation of the historical memory of the Kuban Cossacks. He addressed this in his journalism, historical articles, archival searches, which resulted in fundamental collections of documents. The fundamental collection of documents compiled by I. I. Dmitrenko was not appreciated by his contemporaries. The periods of life and work of I. I. Dmitrenko in 1903–1917 and 1920–1936 require additional study.Results. The main merit of the historian was a great archaeographic work, the introduction into scientific circulation of a large number of rare documents that made it possible to present the early history of the Cossacks of the Kuban and the Terek. The historical heritage of the Cossack officer reminded of the glorious pages of the heroic past, critically comprehended the role of the state and officials in the life of the Cossacks. The dramatic fate of the historian, as in a mirror, reflected the contradictory era in the life of the country, which he selflessly served.

Michael Gowanlock, David E. Trilling, Andrew McNeill et al.

Deriving high quality lightcuves for asteroids and other periodic sources from survey data is challenging due to many factors, including the sparsely sampled observational record and diurnal aliasing which is a signature imparted into the periodic signal of a source that is a function of the observing schedule of ground-based telescopes. In this paper, we examine the utility of combining asteroid observational records from the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) and the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) which are the ground- and space-based facilities, respectively, to determine to what degree the data from the space-based facility can suppress diurnal aliases. Furthermore, we examine several optimizations that are used to derive the rotation periods of asteroids which we then compare to the reported rotation periods in the literature. Through this analysis we find that we can reliably derive the rotation periods for ~85% of our sample of 222 objects that are also reported in the literature and that the remaining ~15% are difficult to reliably derive as many are asteroids that are insufficiently elongated which produces a lightcurve with an insufficient amplitude and consequently, an incorrect rotation period. We also investigate a binary classification method that biases against reporting incorrect rotation periods. We conclude the paper by assessing the utility of using other ground- or space-based facilities as companion telescopes to the forthcoming Rubin Observatory.

Yue-Chang Peng, Jian-Min Wang, Pu Du et al.

It has been found that some quasars are undergoing quasi-periodic variations (most of them with damped amplitudes) in optical bands from long-term monitoring campaigns, but how to explain the origin of such light curve variations still remains an open question. In this paper, we use the warped accretion disks model to explain the quasi-periodical variations. This model employs a free-bending wave traveling in an accretion disk which causes the orientation of the central part of the disk to oscillate from the line of sight, resulting in a quasi-periodical variation. We numerically solve the governing equation of warp propagation and calculate the simulated R-band light curves, finding that the periodical light curves generated by this model have damped amplitudes. To compare with observations, we select SDSSJ134820.42+194831.5 as a preliminary example from a sample of periodic quasar candidates by combining CRTS with other public survey data, and fitted its light curve with different observational angles. Our result gives a reduced $χ^{2}\simeq 2.4$, implying that the model might give insights to future application of warped disk model.

Taewan Kim, Seolyeong Bae, Hyun Ah Kim et al.

In the mental health domain, Large Language Models (LLMs) offer promising new opportunities, though their inherent complexity and low controllability have raised questions about their suitability in clinical settings. We present MindfulDiary, a mobile journaling app incorporating an LLM to help psychiatric patients document daily experiences through conversation. Designed in collaboration with mental health professionals (MHPs), MindfulDiary takes a state-based approach to safely comply with the experts' guidelines while carrying on free-form conversations. Through a four-week field study involving 28 patients with major depressive disorder and five psychiatrists, we found that MindfulDiary supported patients in consistently enriching their daily records and helped psychiatrists better empathize with their patients through an understanding of their thoughts and daily contexts. Drawing on these findings, we discuss the implications of leveraging LLMs in the mental health domain, bridging the technical feasibility and their integration into clinical settings.

Matthias R. Schreiber, Diogo Belloni, Jan van Roestel

The general prediction that more than half of all CVs have evolved past the period minimum is in strong disagreement with observational surveys, which show that the relative number of these objects is just a few per cent. Here, we investigate whether a large number of post-period minimum CVs could detach because of the appearance of a strong white dwarf magnetic field potentially generated by a rotation- and crystallization-driven dynamo. We used the MESA code to calculate evolutionary tracks of CVs incorporating the spin evolution and cooling as well as compressional heating of the white dwarf. If the conditions for the dynamo were met, we assumed that the emerging magnetic field of the white dwarf connects to that of the companion star and incorporated the corresponding synchronization torque, which transfers spin angular momentum to the orbit. We find that for CVs with donor masses exceeding 0.04 Msun, magnetic fields are generated mostly if the white dwarfs start to crystallize before the onset of mass transfer. It is possible that a few white dwarf magnetic fields are generated in the period gap. For the remaining CVs, the conditions for the dynamo to work are met beyond the period minimum, when the accretion rate decreased significantly. Synchronization torques cause these systems to detach for several Gyrs even if the magnetic field strength of the white dwarf is just one MG. If the rotation- and crystallization-driven dynamo - which is currently the only mechanism that can explain several observational facts related to magnetism in CVs and their progenitors - or a similar temperature-dependent mechanism is responsible for the generation of magnetic field in white dwarfs, most CVs that have evolved beyond the period minimum must detach for several Gyrs at some point. This reduces the predicted number of semi-detached period bouncers by up to 60-80 per cent.

Guozhang Li, Xinpeng Ding, De Cheng et al.

Early weakly supervised video grounding (WSVG) methods often struggle with incomplete boundary detection due to the absence of temporal boundary annotations. To bridge the gap between video-level and boundary-level annotation, explicit-supervision methods, i.e., generating pseudo-temporal boundaries for training, have achieved great success. However, data augmentations in these methods might disrupt critical temporal information, yielding poor pseudo boundaries. In this paper, we propose a new perspective that maintains the integrity of the original temporal content while introducing more valuable information for expanding the incomplete boundaries. To this end, we propose EtC (Expand then Clarify), first use the additional information to expand the initial incomplete pseudo boundaries, and subsequently refine these expanded ones to achieve precise boundaries. Motivated by video continuity, i.e., visual similarity across adjacent frames, we use powerful multimodal large language models (MLLMs) to annotate each frame within initial pseudo boundaries, yielding more comprehensive descriptions for expanded boundaries. To further clarify the noise of expanded boundaries, we combine mutual learning with a tailored proposal-level contrastive objective to use a learnable approach to harmonize a balance between incomplete yet clean (initial) and comprehensive yet noisy (expanded) boundaries for more precise ones. Experiments demonstrate the superiority of our method on two challenging WSVG datasets.

Rosa Zeta de Pozo

Iniciamos la segunda década de la Revista de Comunicación  con objetivo de  sustentarla como  foro de reflexión entre académicos y  expertos de la comunicación social  y de difusión de la investigación en  Comunicación. Son tiempos excitantes para la comunicación, con nuevos modos de gestión de contenidos informativos, con nuevos modelos de negocio,  que se desarrollan rápidamente  y con la incesante búsqueda de estrategias de innovación asertivas.

Xin Xu, Kai Sun

This report provides an interpretation on the periodically varying damping ratio of a dynamical system with direct control of oscillation or vibration damping. The principal parametric resonance of the system and a new type of parametric resonance, named "zero-th order" parametric resonance, are investigated by using the method of multiple scales to find approximate, analytical solutions of the system, which provide an interpretation on such damping variations.

Rufus McEwan

Operating for the past 30 years, New Zealand’s 'iwi radio' stations broadcast a mixture of te reo Māori and English language programming throughout the country. The 21 stations that presently operate were established as a strategy to improve upon the severe decline in the indigenous language. As radio stations, each initiative also affords individual Māori groups some autonomy in the mediated protection and promotion of indigenous identity. Collectively represented by Te Whakaruruhau o Ngā Reo Irirangi Māori, the iwi stations stand apart from the highly-consolidated mainstream commercial and public service sectors, but are now similarly confronted with the challenge of a rapidly changing media landscape. Utilising convergence as a prominent, albeit contentious, descriptor of media transformation, this article analyses the response of the iwi radio sector to convergence processes. Initiatives that include the integration of web and social media and the establishment of a networked switching platform to share iwi content highlight parallel opportunities and challenges for the iwi radio stations as they strive to become ‘more than radio’ on limited resourcing. This discussion highlights the experiences of radio practitioners tasked with the preservation and progress of indigenous voices in an era of convergence, providing further contextual insight into contemporary accounts of media transformation, radio and Māori media.

Samaneh Kachouie, César Castilla

En la actualidad cada uno de los 28 miembros que componen la Unión Europea tienen diferentes indicadores en el Digital Economy and Society Index (DESI), el cual es un índice compuesto que resume los indicadores más relevantes con respecto al rendimiento digital en Europa y hace un seguimiento de la evolución de los estados miembros de la UE en materia de competitividad digital. Para hacer frente a esta problemática, se ha creado la Agenda Digital de la Comisión Europea que pretende disminuir considerablemente la brecha digital que afecta a los comunitarios en pleno siglo XXI. El presente artículo tiene como objetivo principal analizar los indicadores del DESI en función al Producto Bruto Interno (PIB) de los 5 países con el mayor y menor PIB dentro de la Unión Europea en el periodo 2014-2018. De esta manera, se podrá determinar los logros en materia de reducción de brecha digital en estos países; así como sus perspectivas para los próximos cinco años identificando los factores más importantes que permitan reducir considerablemente este problema.

Neslihan Yolçu

İdeolojik bir aygıt olarak medya, temsiller aracılığıyla belirli anlamların üretildiği başlıca alanlardan biridir. 'Yabancı' ve 'öteki' olarak Suriyeli sığınmacıların haber ve köşe yazılarındaki temsillerinin, okuyucular üzerinde belirleyici olduğu genel kabul görse de; kamuoyunun düşüncelerinin oluşmasında ve öteki temsilinin biçimlenmesinde medya temsili tek belirleyici değildir. Çalışmanın hipotezi, Suriyeli sığınmacıların Kocaeli yerel medyasında yer alan haber ve köşe yazılarındaki temsili ile okur yorumlarındaki öteki kurgusunun benzerlikler içerse de büyük ölçüde karşıt olduğudur. Çalışmada, Suriyeli sığınmacıların haber ve köşe yazıları ile okur yorumu temsillerindeki başlıca bakış açılarının ortaya çıkartılması; temsildeki farklılık ve benzerliklerin tespit edilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Kocaeli’de en yüksek tiraja sahip ilk beş gazete içerisinden seçilen Özgür Kocaeli, Kocaeli Demokrat ve Kocaeli gazetelerinde, 2018 yılı boyunca çıkan Suriyeli sığınmacılara ilişkin haber ve köşe yazıları ile bunlara yapılan okur yorumları, niceliksel ve niteliksel içerik analiziyle incelenmiştir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre; gazetelerin neredeyse aynı olayları haberleştirdikleri, benzer temsil biçimleri ve söylem unsurları ürettikleri görülmüştür. Suriyeli sığınmacıların, haberlerde çoğunlukla yoksullukları ve mağduriyetleriyle olumlu veya tarafsız şekilde ele alındığı tespit edilmiştir. Haberlerdeki olumlu ve tarafsız temsillerin aksine okur yorumlarındaki ötekileştirici ve ayrımcı söylemlerle, stereotipik sığınmacı temsillerin yeniden üretildiği bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır. Çalışmada, Suriyeli sığınmacıların haber ve köşe yazılarındaki temsillerinin, okur yorumları üstünde birebir belirleyici olmadığı hipotezi doğrulanmıştır.

Yang Liu

Recent research on discourse relations has found that they are cued not only by discourse markers (DMs) but also by other textual signals and that signaling information is indicative of genres. While several corpora exist with discourse relation signaling information such as the Penn Discourse Treebank (PDTB, Prasad et al. 2008) and the Rhetorical Structure Theory Signalling Corpus (RST-SC, Das and Taboada 2018), they both annotate the Wall Street Journal (WSJ) section of the Penn Treebank (PTB, Marcus et al. 1993), which is limited to the news domain. Thus, this paper adapts the signal identification and anchoring scheme (Liu and Zeldes, 2019) to three more genres, examines the distribution of signaling devices across relations and genres, and provides a taxonomy of indicative signals found in this dataset.

Annette Huber, Gisbert Wüstholz

We study four fundamental questions about $1$-periods and give complete answers. 1) We give a necessary and sufficient for a period integral to be transcendental. 2) We give a qualitative description of all $\overline{\mathbf{Q}}$-linear relations between $1$-periods, establishing Kontsevich's period conjecture in this case. 3) Periods may vanish and we determine all cases when this happens. 4) For a fixed $1$-motive, we derive a general formula for the dimension of its space of periods in the spirit of Baker's theorem.

Murat Önder, Murat Karaman

Yurttaş gazeteciliği, profesyonel mesleği gazetecilik olmayan bireylerin haber üretme ve yayma süreçlerinde aktif rol almasını ifade etmektedir. Ana akım medyanın sahip olduğu yapısal birtakım sorunlarla birlikte iletişim teknolojilerinde yaşanan dönüşümler neticesinde yaygınlık kazanan yurttaş gazeteciliği günümüzde farklı şekillerde ortaya çıkabilmektedir. Bunlardan bir tanesi de merkez medyanın ana haber bültenlerinde kullanılan WhatsApp ihbar hatlarıdır. Bir haberleşme aracı olarak ortaya çıkan WhatsApp uygulaması, kişilerin seslerini duyurabilme potansiyeli nedeniyle yurttaş gazeteciliğinin araçlarından birisi haline gelmiştir. Söz konusu uygulama ile bireyler şahit oldukları bir olaya ait görüntüleri haber merkezlerine ulaştırdıkları gibi yaşadıkları bir mağduriyeti de haber merkezlerine iletebilmektedirler. Böylelikle, haber profesyonellerinin dışındaki bireyler de haber süreçlerinde aktör olarak ortaya çıkmaktadırlar. Bu çalışma, 2016 yılının Ekim ayında en çok reyting alan üç ana haber bülteninin on (10) günlük zaman aralığındaki haberlerini analiz ederek WhatsApp ihbar hatlarının ana haber bültenlerine etkisini ölçmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Ayrıca, WhatsApp ihbar hattına gelen haberlerinin içerik analizini yaparak söz konusu etkinin nicel boyutunun yanı sıra, nitel boyutunu da açıklamayı hedeflemektedir. Yapılan bu analiz yalnızca yurttaş gazeteciliğinin ana haber bültenlerine etkisini ortaya koymakla kalmayıp medya-toplum ilişkisi üzerine de saptamalar yapma imkânı vermektedir.

Joshua N. Winn, Roberto Sanchis-Ojeda, Leslie Rogers et al.

Ultra-short-period (USP) planets are a newly recognized class of planets with periods shorter than one day and radii smaller than about 2 Earth radii. It has been proposed that USP planets are the solid cores of hot Jupiters that lost their gaseous envelopes due to photo-evaporation or Roche lobe overflow. We test this hypothesis by asking whether USP planets are associated with metal-rich stars, as has long been observed for hot Jupiters. We find the metallicity distributions of USP-planet and hot-Jupiter hosts to be significantly different ($p = 3\times 10^{-4}$), based on Keck spectroscopy of Kepler stars. Evidently, the sample of USP planets is not dominated by the evaporated cores of hot Jupiters. The metallicity distribution of stars with USP planets is indistinguishable from that of stars with short-period planets with sizes between 2--4~$R_\oplus$. Thus it remains possible that the USP planets are the solid cores of formerly gaseous planets smaller than Neptune.

Yang Gao, David Vanderbilt, Di Xiao

Using the semiclassical theory of electron dynamics, we derive a gauge-invariant expression for the spin toroidization in a periodical crystal. We show that the spin toroidization is comprised of two contributions: one is due to the configuration of a classical spin array, while the other comes from the coordinate shift of the electron as spin carrier in response to the inhomogeneous magnetic field. We then establish a direct and elengant relation between our spin toroidization and the antisymmetric magnetoelectric polarizability in insulators. Finally, we demonstrate our spin toroidization in a tight-binding model and show that it is a genuine bulk quantity.