Hasil untuk "Geography (General)"

E. Appleton

W. Isard

Kasatkina Ekaterina, Vavilova Daiana, Faizullin Rinat

The article discusses the importance of animal husbandry in ensuring food security and maintaining a high quality of life. In the current study, statistical monthly data on animal husbandry in the Udmurt Republic from 2018 to 2023 is analyzed to create models for forecasting key indicators: the average daily milk yield, the number of cows, and the total volume of milk production. The model of the average daily milk yield takes into account seasonal fluctuations, temperature, and time trends, with an average relative error of just 1.55%. The autoregressive model for predicting the number of cattle with a lag of 12 months has shown high accuracy with an average relative approximation error of 0.19%. The econometric model of total milk production takes into account the average daily milk yield and other factors, demonstrating high accuracy in its forecasts. These results are important to support decision-making on the development of animal husbandry and the agricultural sector in general.

Gleuze Pereira Marinho Moura, Juarez José Tuchinski dos Anjos

Tomando por fonte a Revista Brasília, o artigo objetiva responder a três questões, formuladas no diálogo com a ainda incipiente historiografia da infância no Distrito Federal, relativa aos anos da construção de Brasília, isto é, de 1957 a 1960: será que não havia uma quantidade significativa de crianças naquele gigantesco canteiro de obras a céu aberto? Se havia, elas compareceram, de algum modo, nos textos e imagens dados a ler no Brasil e no exterior no periódico da NOVACAP?  Que infância ou infâncias foram representadas na Revista Brasília?

Kalendzhyan Sergey, Kadol Natalia

The article considers the process of digital transformation in the sphere of social entrepreneurship, which solves socially significant problems of public life, simultaneously providing a positive economic, social and environmental impact thereon. The use of the Internet and digitalisation of the economy transforms radically the cooperation processes between all involved actors. Social entrepreneurship is no exception. In this context, this paper explores the role of digitalisation in the development of social entrepreneurship. In order to achieve the set goal and analyse the available data, the authors used such general scientific methods of knowledge as abstraction, deduction, deconstruction, synthesis, analogy and axiomatics. The use of this methodological apparatus made it possible to conclude that the process of digitalisation and introduction of information technologies in the sphere of social entrepreneurship provides new tools supporting the activities in this sphere as well as changing the very context of social entrepreneurs’ work. This made it possible to highlight the factors influencing the development of digitalisation in social entrepreneurship, as well as to identify new and promising areas of digital transformation in the sphere of social entrepreneurship. These primarily include the use of the blockchain and smart contracts which offer new opportunities for financing, storing data and achieving social entrepreneurship goals.

K. Shepsle, Barry R. Weingast

Merve Yılmaz

It is important to understand the characteristics of a 21st century port city in terms of the spatial relations of the city and its port. In this study, the port/city relations between the container port of Mersin in Turkey and Mersin city itself are examined. The purpose of this study is to examine which class of port city Mersin falls within and how spatial relations are established at the intersection of the port and urban area in Mersin. The Relative Concentration Index is used for evaluation at the regional scale, as used in port city classifications. The method reveals the importance of port and urban relations at a regional level in the urbanization processes of coastal cities. It is seen that Mersin Port has been at the level of a Hub since 2007 among the container ports of Turkey. ‘Hub’ is among the port city classes for which spatial planning policies in the port/city intersection area should be emphasized. It is important to integrate the revival projects with planning strategies and policies to engender a ‘living urban port area’ image for the transition zone between city and port.

Diego Bombal

Las instituciones se construyen a partir de los aportes que cada integrante realiza a la misma. Una función importante, en este sentido, tienen quienes gestionan dichas instituciones; a lo largo de su tiempo histórico dejan una impronta y trazan un camino institucional. El objetivo principal de este texto es rendir un homenaje a los hacedores históricos del Instituto y Departamento de Geografía de la Facultad de Filosofía y Letras de la Universidad Nacional de Cuyo realizando una interpretación de algunos aspectos como aporte a la historia institucional y contribuyendo a la memoria colectiva.

Akila Nedjar-Guerre

L. Anselin, A. Getis

M. W. Segal

Marta Alina Rusnak

Subiektywny punkt widzenia ekspertów często znajduje przełożenie na próby swobodnej reinterpretacji zapisów aktów prawnych. Uczestnikami „sporu o zabytek” mogą być zarówno inwestor, architekt, konserwatorzy, politycy, urzędnicy, jak i osoby trzecie - obywatele. W celu umożliwienia obiektywizacji podejmowanych decyzji, nawiazania dialogu opartego o wspólny punkt odniesienia lub danie społeczeństwu możliwości sprzeciwu, proponuję wykonywanie badań okulograficznych. Eye tracking (czyli okulografia) pozwala na śledzenie tego, w jaki sposób ludzie zapoznają się z prezentowanymi im przedmiotami. Dzięki rejestracji ruchów gałek ocznych dużej grupy obserwatorów możliwe jest zbadanie preferencji rządzących tym procesem jak i zaobserwowanie zmian wynikających z modyfikacji wprowadzanych w obrębie prezentowanego obiektu. W artykule zwięźle omówiono możliwe zastosowanie okulografów dla potrzeb różnorodnej, prawnej ochrony zabytków oraz wielowątkowego umożliwienia społeczeństwu uczestnictwa w tym procesie. W tekście umieszczono również argumenty za i przeciw wprowadzeniu takiej metody do powszechnego użytku. Dla czytelności wywodu zjawisko opisano w oparciu o przykład biblioteki wzniesionej w obrębie wrocławskiego Ostrowa Tumskiego. Celem artykułu nie jest podjęcie jednostkowej krytyki wspomnianej realizacji, a jedynie wyliczenie problemów, które mogłyby być sprawnie rozwiązane dzięki zupełnie nowemu podejściu badawczemu.

Vincent Raoult, Clive N. Trueman, Kelsey M. Kingsbury et al.

Determining the geographic range of widely dispersed or migratory marine organisms is notoriously difficult, often requiring considerable costs and typically extensive tagging or exploration programs. While these approaches are accurate and can reveal important information on the species, they are usually conducted on only a small number of individuals and can take years to produce relevant results, so alternative approaches may be preferable. The presence of latitudinal gradients in stable carbon isotope compositions of marine phytoplankton offers a means to quickly determine likely geographic population ranges of species that rely on productivity from these resources. Across sufficiently large spatial and temporal scales, the stable carbon isotopes of large coastal or pelagic marine species should reflect broad geographic patterns of resource use, and could be used to infer geographic ranges of marine populations. Using two methods, one based on a global mechanistic model and the other on targeted low-cost latitudinal sampling of fishes, we demonstrate and compare these stable isotope approaches to determine the core population geography of an apex predator, the great hammerhead (Sphyrna mokarran). Both methods indicated similar geographic ranges and suggested that S. mokarran recorded in south-eastern Australia are likely to be from more northern Australian waters. These approaches could be replicated in other areas where coastlines span predictable geographic gradients in isotope values and be used to determine the core population geography of highly mobile species to inform management decisions.

Ildar Daminov

Kazakhstan’s model of ethnic management is often classified as a typical example of national identity-building. Kazakhstani politicians and media, however, prefer to refer to it as their unique third way. The article attempts to disprove both these claims. It argues that Kazakhstan merely uses two different ethnic management approaches—national identity-building and hegemonic exchange. The article tests this hypothesis by conducting a comparative analysis of various theoretical approaches to ethnic management and applying them to Kazakhstan. Furthermore, it explains what this dual approach means in terms of operationality by outlining the key challenges the model faces. The final section of the article summarizes its findings and provides recommendations.

Richard Smith, M. Maltrud, F. Bryan et al.

Z. Zhang, C. Wen, Y. Chen et al.

This paper presents a deep learning feature-based method for registration of indoor mobile LiDAR data. Our method is to input point cloud directly, which is more robust to noise than traditional algorithms. The proposed method involves three steps. We first extract the key points by Harris3D algorithm and get their local patches by our sampling method. Second, a Siamese network is trained to describe the patches as local descriptors. Finally, we obtain the final matching pairs depends on the distance which is between two descriptors, and then solve the transformation matrix. The accuracy of registration is within 6 cm when the overlap is greater than 35%. In order to improve the registration accuracy, the ICP algorithm is used to fine-tuning the registration results. And the final registration accuracy is within 3.5 cm. The experiments show that our method applied to the registration of indoor mobile LiDAR data robustly and accurately.

R. Bromley

Coordenação Editorial

Sumário

G. Nürnberg

M. Domenico, A. Lima, Mirco Musolesi

Previous studies have shown that human movement is predictable to a certain extent at different geographic scales. The existing prediction techniques exploit only the past history of the person taken into consideration as input of the predictors. In this paper, we show that by means of multivariate nonlinear time series prediction techniques it is possible to increase the forecasting accuracy by considering movements of friends, people, or more in general entities, with correlated mobility patterns (i.e., characterised by high mutual information) as inputs. Finally, we evaluate the proposed techniques on the Nokia Mobile Data Challenge and Cabspotting datasets.