Hasil untuk "Economic geography of the oceans (General)"

Jacek Wysocki, Anna Strychalska-Rudzewicz

Academics and practitioners have already acknowledged the importance of pro-ecological initiatives in order to meet societal expectations and, in the process, gain a competitive advantage over market rivals. However, the existence and importance of pro-ecological initiatives in a company's development strategy remains under-explored, as addressed in these studies. Thus, the research goal was to assess the importance of pro-ecological initiatives in a company's development strategy in manufacturing companies in Poland. The empirical research was conducted using the CATI method on a group of manufacturing enterprises operating in Poland. The research comprised a stratified random sample of N=385 manufacturing enterprises, which were randomly and proportionally selected from a population of 14,570 units actively engaged in production activities. Our results highlighted that manufacturing companies, which include pro-ecological initiatives in their development strategies confirmed higher effectiveness of the implementation of these initiatives than entities omitting pro-ecological issues in their strategies. Entities including pro-ecological initiatives in their strategies are more aware of their negative impact on the environment than those downplaying these initiatives.    

Daniel Tokarski, Maciej Bielecki

Progressing globalisation, competitiveness and implemented technological innovations constitute important challenges for enterprises operating in such a turbulent environment. Organisations are forced to adapt much faster and more flexibly to rapidly changing market conditions. Manufacturing companies realise that it is impossible to meet market requirements by constantly using conventional methods of operation, especially in the sphere of physical flows of goods, information and financial resources, for which logistics is responsible. One of the solutions that can support manufacturing companies is e-logistics, which enriches logistics phases and processes in the sphere of information technology (IT) and information and communication technologies (ICT). The aim of the study is to identify the conditions and possibilities of using e-logistics in Polish manufacturing enterprises.

Melania Bąk, Marzena Strojek-Filus, Andrzej Bąk

The narrative phenomenon in accounting concerns, i.e., the disclosure of environmental information and the impression management of stakeholders. The study examines and assesses the dependence between the company’s industry of activity and the narration perception adopted by the preparers of environmental reports, in particular, the impression management techniques used. To achieve the purpose of the article, an in-depth survey was conducted covering a non-random sample of the employees of Polish enterprises involved in the preparation and reporting of environmental information. Contingency tables and association measures for categorical variables were used in the statistical analysis of the survey data. The analysis results of the collected empirical data confirmed that the company’s industry of activity impacts the way report preparers evaluate the scope and apply narrative strategies, especially impression management techniques. The research expands knowledge on the perception of the importance of environmental disclosures and the issue of environmental narrative practices from an enterprise perspective. The results of the analysis indicated a level of pro-environmental awareness and confirmed the knowledge of narrative strategies and techniques. This study contributes to the discussion on the effects of environmental narrative in accounting, offering yet another element of the current practice diagnosis in this area in Poland.

Kim Reinhardt

In many ways, it seems that 2022 is a year for renewal. A re-start from a period of closures and other impacts of a devastating pandemic, and from a period of heightened global awareness on social injustice and inequality, racism, increasing threats of war, climate change, species at risk, and ocean conservation. The Maritime Museum of the Atlantic (MMA) hosted the 50th Anniversary International Congress of Maritime Museums (ICMM) in this renewal year offering a robust programme that was heavily influenced by these shared concerns. The combination of embarking on a new half-century, and an unprecedented awareness of significant global issues, provided the obvious opportunity to explore and re-imagine our roles as meaning-making institutions, as impactful maritime museums. Many museums, the MMA included, had already been taking an inward look, trying to understand the impacts of decades of institutional bias and the reality of being part of the climate crisis. So much had changed during the past few years. It had been a long time since we could gather in-person and experience the kind of powerful networking that can only happen face-to-face. I think we had a tremendous appetite to share and discuss our recent experiences and ambitions. The moment was right for a Congress focused on new beginnings and growth. As the saying goes, “Calm seas do not make a good captain,” and we had all been through some pretty rough seas.

Elżbieta Lorek, Paweł Lorek

This article addresses the issue of electro-waste and the role of the consumer of electrical and electronic equipment within the organisation of a circular economy. The aim of the article is (i) to identify the attitudes of the consumers surveyed towards unused electrical and electronic equipment, (ii) to assess the consistency of the attitudes displayed with the principles of the circular economy, and (iii) to identify the most important factors influencing these attitudes. The theoretical part approaches issues such as consumers' subjective perception of electro-waste, the increasing amount of electro-waste globally, and the problems associated with limited recycling opportunities. The conducted study revealed the potential of the surveyed consumers for the organisation of the circular economy in the field of electro-waste management, as well as the risk factors in the form of depositing electro-waste into the municipal waste stream. The analysis also showed a correlation between attitudes towards electro-waste with factors such as age, gender and education. In the concluding part, the most underlying consumer problems related to electro-waste management were systematised; more thorough research was also signalled.

Iwona Skoczko, Marek Grabowski

Each country in the European Union (EU) has its own legal system of environmental protection inc. rules of eco-crime fighting. The world copes environmental crime, developing better and better structures, laws and control systems. Establishing effective administrative sanction rules may help decrease environmental damage. The goal of the paper is the comparison of administrative sanctions for environmental crime in five different areas of the EU: France, Germany, Italy, Spain and Poland. The mechanisms of sanctions, fines and penalties in studied areas are based on financial fines. Although the states do their best to develop the most effective tools possible to enforce environmental protection and control its quality, it is not always possible in reality. Understanding and weighing the value of environmental destruction is difficult. It takes into account the human, economic and ecological aspects (considering the quality of the environment closest to the natural state).

Antoni Ginot Julià

L'ofici de pescador a Catalunya, al llarg de la història, ha anat acompanyat d'una sèrie de tasques complementàries més enllà de la pesca en si. En aquest article farem un repàs a l'abast de la propietat d ela terra i de les activitats agrícoles entre els pescadors de les viles de Tossa, Lloret i Blanes, situades a la comarca de la Selva, al segle XV. Així doncs, s'observarà com aquests pescadors tenien un ampli ventall de possibilitats de complementar les seves economies, des del cultiu de l'hort fins a la tinença de masos, passant per l'omnipresent vinya i el conreu de cereals. També es podran analitzar breument algunes estratègies de compatibilitat entre tasques pesqueres i el conreu d'aquestes terres.

Economics and Environment

Summaries in Polish

Ryszard Janikowski

This paper is an analysis of the existing economic situation, referred to as the circular economy, of the armed forces during peacetime. This economic approach is often indicated as the target model in civilian areas and activities within the “European Defence Action Plan.” The analyses carried out in this study demonstrate that some European armed forces, including the Polish one, actually realise circular economic requirements, namely creation of closed loops of material flow, slowing resources flow and using fewer materials. Some of these economic principles are typical for the military sector, such as “outdated” ammunition in civilian use. The above fi ndings demonstrate the transformation towards a circular economy in the armed forces during peacetime.

Mirosława Witkowska-Dąbrowska, Agnieszka Napiórkowska-Baryła, Natalia Świdyńska

This article analyses sustainable development indicators for the assessment of bioproducts. It also determines criteria for the operationalization of bioproduct assessment on the basis of available literature on the subject and the opinions of entrepreneurs producing packaging made of petroleum derivative materials. The results of literature and questionnaire studies indicate that indicators used for the assessment should accurately reflect the process or state of affairs they present, and be clear for every stakeholder throughout the entire supply chain.

Mariusz Trela

Purpose: An analysis of education programmes at selected universities in Poland in terms of coverage of subjects related to sustainable development. Methodology: An analysis of information published on the Internet, on the official website of each examined Polish university. Results: The scope of education on the subject matter related to sustainable development at the nine best Polish universities was presented. The number and names of faculties and majors were indicated (where the main purpose was education on that subject matter and where that subject was taught, but it was not their basic teaching subject). The number of courses and ECTS points allocated to those courses was determined, for each major. Originality: The research results fill in the gaps in available statistics on teaching of courses related to sustainable development at Polish universities. The data can be the basis for comparisons between other periods and drawing of conclusions about the trends of changes in education.

Agnieszka Lorek

The main aim of this paper is to assess the implementation of the main priorities of the local environmental policy in the Silesian province, and to identify new areas of action undertaken by local authorities in the fi eld of environmental policy. The basic research methods used in the paper include the analysis of the literature and available data on the environment condition in the Silesian province and primary data obtained through surveys conducted within statutory research: Department of Environmental Management and the Department of Social and Economic Policy at the University of Economics in Katowice, within the years of 2012 and 2015. Based on the obtained results, three priority groups were determined: I. “traditional”, which included issues related to water and wastewater management and municipal waste management, II. a constant low level in the hierarchy of local authorities’ priorities – issues related to the revitalization and rehabilitation of brownfi eld sites, noise protection and ecological construction; III. “emerging” with the greatest increase in the rank awarded by the local authorities – the problems of creating a low carbon economy and air protection, the protection of ecosystem services in urban areas, flood protection.

Adam Piasecki, Jakub Jurasz, Michał Mięsikowski

STRESZCZENIE: Celem tego artykułu jest zwrócenie uwagi na rozwój gospodarki wodno-ściekowej w Polsce Wschodniej i porównanie do sytuacji w pozostałej części kraju. Dowiedziono znaczący rozwój we wszystkich elementach infrastruktury wodno-ściekowej. Jednakże największy wzrost został zaobserwowany w obszarze infrastruktury odpowiedzialnej za transport, magazynowanie i utylizację ścieków. Zrealizowane inwestycje zminimalizowały istniejącą różnicę infrastrukturalną pomiędzy województwami Polski Wschodniej a pozostałą częścią kraju. W tym zakresie kluczową rolę odegrały fundusze z Unii Europejskiej. Bez nich nie byłaby możliwa tak złożona i szybka modernizacja, a także rozbudowa poszczególnych elementów infrastruktury związanej z gospodarką wodno-ściekową. W artykule podkreślono również konieczność prowadzenia dalszych inwestycji, które powinny być skierowane na obszary wiejskie.

Agnieszka Flaga-Maryańczyk, Tomasz Stypka

STRESZCZENIE: W artykule zaprezentowano wielokryterialną ocenę kotłów na biomasę dla pensjonatu położonego w miejscowości podgórskiej. Oceny dokonano zmodyfikowaną metodą Procesu Analizy Hierarchicznej (z ang. Analytic Hierarchy Process, AHP). Problem budowy hierarchii kryteriów rozwiązano w oparciu o zasadę trwałego rozwoju oraz o międzynarodowe kryteria, wypracowane w programie ekoetykiet. Wszystkie przyjęte do obliczeń dane dotyczą rzeczywistych kotłów i paliw.

Jordi Gilabert Tomàs

Xavier Solà Barceló

Antoni Falcón Vernis

Agustí M. Vilà i Galí

Miquel Martí i Llambrich