Hasil untuk "Cybernetics"

James Lipuma, Cristo Leon

Traditional models of interdisciplinary collaboration in higher education often struggled to transcend disciplinary silos, resulting in fragmented Communication and superficial integration. The Components of Role-playing in Experiential Learning (CREL) Framework offered a transformative alternative by embedding role-playing mechanics into structured learning environments, enabling participants to embody perspectives beyond their disciplinary boundaries. First, this paper introduced the five core components of the CREL Framework—Scenario, Social Contract, Collaboration, Choice, and Experience—and explained how they function as an integrated system for designing and assessing collaborative learning environments. Then, it argued that the framework catalyzed effective interdisciplinary collaboration and authentic experiential learning by simulating complex, real-world scenarios that demanded mutual understanding, adaptive thinking, and co-constructed solutions. Next, drawing from theoretical foundations in ludology, experiential education, and transdisciplinary Communication, the authors demonstrated how CREL facilitated role adoption, dialogic engagement, and reflective inquiry. Finally, by positioning play as a rigorous epistemic practice rather than a pedagogical supplement, the article advanced a more inclusive, participatory, and dynamic vision of interdisciplinary education. It concluded by outlining the theoretical foundations of the framework, addressing key limitations, anticipating common critiques, and calling for curricular, institutional, and policy reforms to legitimize role-play as a mode of scholarly engagement and professional development.

Daniel Scheliga, Patrick Mäder, Marco Seeland

Federated Learning (FL) allows multiple clients to train a common model without sharing their private training data. In practice, federated optimization struggles with sub-optimal model utility because data is not independent and identically distributed (non-IID). Recent work has proposed to cluster clients according to dataset fingerprints to improve model utility in such situations. These fingerprints aim to capture the key characteristics of clients’ local data distributions. Recently, a mechanism was proposed to calculate dataset fingerprints from raw client data. We find that this fingerprinting mechanism comes with substantial time and memory consumption, limiting its practical use to small datasets. Additionally, shared raw data fingerprints can directly leak sensitive visual information, in certain cases even resembling the original client training data. To alleviate these problems, we propose a Feature-based dataset FingerPrinting mechanism (FFP). We use the MedMNIST database to develop a highly realistic case study for FL on medical image data. Compared to existing methods, our proposed FFP reduces the computational overhead of fingerprint calculation while achieving similar model utility. Furthermore, FFP mitigates the risk of raw data leakage from fingerprints by design.

Benedetto Ponti

L’outsourcing costituisce una soluzione consolidata per l’organizzazione e le prestazioni di servizi pubblici (e in certi casi anche di funzioni pubbliche in senso stretto). Lo è anche con riferimento ai processi di digitalizzazione di infrastrutture, servizi strumentali, risorse di calcolo funzionali all’esercizio di funzioni pubbliche. Sotto questo profilo, la questione del fornitore dell’algoritmo in quanto extraneus (sotto il profilo soggettivo) rispetto all’amministrazione costituisce un tema per certi versi consueto. Il contributo muove da un quesito: quando l’oggetto dell’outsourcing è un prodotto o una soluzione basata sull’intelligenza artificiale, le categorie interpretative tradizionali mantengono la loro utilità, oppure l’outsourcing dell’intelligenza artificiale modifica i termini del discorso? L’analisi mostra come, nonostante alcune categorie interpretative mantengano la loro validità, l’importazione dell’AI nel contesto dei poteri pubblici presenti tratti peculiari, che derivano dalla struttura di mercato in cui l’AI viene sperimentata, prodotta e commercializzata, così come da alcune specifiche caratteristiche funzionali “di fondo”, diremmo implicite, e che come tali meritano di essere poste in evidenza. Queste sottolineature offrono anche una chiave di lettura per leggere la fornitura dei servizi basati su AI dalla prospettiva del GDPR e da quella del regolamento sull’intelligenza artificiale.

Jan Baros, Petr Bilik, Rene Jaros et al.

This article presents a comprehensive system for testing and verifying shunt active power filter control methods. The aim of this experimental platform is to provide tools to a user to objectively compare the individual control methods. The functionality of the system was verified on a hardware platform using least mean squares and recursive least squares algorithms. In the experiments, an average relative suppression of the total harmonic distortion of 22% was achieved. This article describes the principle of the shunt active power filter, the used experimental platform of the controlled current injection source, its control system based on virtual instrumentation and control software and ends with experimental verification. The discussion of the paper outlines the extension of the experimental platform with the cRIO RTOS control system to reduce the latency of reference current generation and further planned research including motivation.

Yevhen Aleksandrov, Tetiana Aleksandrova, Iryna Kostianyk et al.

The problem of constructing the invariant stabilizer of the ESP (Electronic Stability Program) car course stability system is considered by implementing two control principles by the electronic brake force distribution unit EBD (Electronic Brakeforce Distribution) – the principle of control by deviation and the principle of control by external disturbance. The values of the variable parameters of the stabilization algorithm are selected from the conditions for minimizing both the static and dynamic errors of the system. Two brake fluid pressure sensors are introduced into the EBD structural-functional scheme in the brake lines of the right and left sides of the car. It is proven that the pressure difference of the brake fluid, which is measured by pressure sensors, is proportional to the external disturbance acting on the car body from the side of the road surface. Therefore, in order to give the ESP system the property of invariance to external disturbances, the control signal generated by the EBD electronic unit contains current information not only about the parameters of the disturbed movement of the car, namely, about the angle of deviation of the longitudinal axis of the car relative to the given direction of movement, about the angular velocity of rotation of the body relative to its vertical axis and about lateral displacement of the center of mass of the body, but also the current information about the external disturbance acting on the car body. Recommendations for choosing the values of variable parameters of the ESP system stabilizer are given, which ensure the minimization of both static and dynamic errors of the closed system in the emergency braking mode.

A.V. Pavlov, A.O. Gaugel

A task of modeling individual mental features of a decision-maker using a Fourier holography setup is considered. The problem is considered for a situation when current conditions of decision-making contradict to the previously learned rule of decision-making logic modeled by the non-cooperative game "Prisoner's Dilemma". The approach to the problem is based on a hypothesis of the correlation between mental features and the properties of the neural network as a material carrier of intelligence. The 6f Fourier holography scheme of the resonant architecture is considered as a three-layer neural network implementing a neuro-physiologically motivated concept of the "excitation ring" proposed by A.M. Ivanitsky. We analytically assess the dependence of the validity limits of the classical total probability formula for a disjunction of incompatible events on the characteristics of low-frequency filters in holograms and the correlation radii of the training image of the basic decision rule. Analytical results are confirmed by results of the numerical simulation.

Sanjeev Shakya, Attaphongse Taparugssanagorn, Chaklam Silpasuwanchai

Gait analysis is a powerful technique that detects and identifies foot disorders and walking irregularities, including pronation, supination, and unstable foot movements. Early detection can help prevent injuries, correct walking posture, and avoid the need for surgery or cortisone injections. Traditional gait analysis methods are expensive and only available in laboratory settings, but new wearable technologies such as AI and IoT-based devices, smart shoes, and insoles have the potential to make gait analysis more accessible, especially for people who cannot easily access specialized facilities. This research proposes a novel approach using IoT, edge computing, and tiny machine learning (TinyML) to predict gait patterns using a microcontroller-based device worn on a shoe. The device uses an inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensor and a TinyML model on an advanced RISC machines (ARM) chip to classify and predict abnormal gait patterns, providing a more accessible, cost-effective, and portable way to conduct gait analysis.

P.A. Lyakhov, U.A. Lyakhova

The article proposes a neural network classification system for pigmented skin neoplasms with a preliminary processing stage to remove hair from the images. The main difference of the proposed system is the use of the stage of preliminary image processing to identify the location of the hair and their further removal. This stage allows you to prepare dermatoscopic images for further analysis in order to carry out automated classification and diagnosis of pigmented skin lesions. Modeling was carried out using the MatLAB R2020b software package on clinical dermatoscopic images from the international open archive ISIC Melanoma Project. The proposed system made it possible to increase the recognition accuracy of pigmented skin lesion images in 10 diagnostically important categories up to 80.81%. The use of the proposed system for the recognition and classification of images of dermatoscopic pigmented lesions by specialists will make it possible to increase the diagnostic efficiency in comparison with methods of visual diagnosis, and will also allow starting treatment at an earlier stage of the disease, which directly affects the survival and recovery rates for patients.

Radek Martinek, Martina Ladrova, Michaela Sidikova et al.

Analysis of biomedical signals is a very challenging task involving implementation of various advanced signal processing methods. This area is rapidly developing. This paper is a Part III paper, where the most popular and efficient digital signal processing methods are presented. This paper covers the following bioelectrical signals and their processing methods: electromyography (EMG), electroneurography (ENG), electrogastrography (EGG), electrooculography (EOG), electroretinography (ERG), and electrohysterography (EHG).

Godfrey Tsvuura, Patrick Ngulube

Background: This study examines the digitisation of records and archives at two state universities in Zimbabwe that have embarked on digitisation of their records and archives resources in line with new technological trends of doing business online. Objectives: One of the objectives of this research study was to identify the gaps existing in the digitisation of records and archives at the two selected state universities and recommend ways of filling those gaps. The other objective was to find out if the state universities have adopted a framework or model for the smooth digitisation process of the records and archives. Methods: The study adopted a qualitative multiple-case research design to provide an in-depth understanding of the cases of the digitisation of records and archives at the selected state universities. Data were collected via purposive sampling using interviews. Results: The major findings of this study revealed that the two state universities are digitising records and archives without a framework or model for a smooth digitisation programme. Conclusion: The study recommends for a centralised model to cater for the digitisation of records and archives at the state universities in Zimbabwe. A model for managing digital records and archives which combines best practices and top management support with a centralised approach is proposed. This model is built on integrated systems that will enable the two selected state universities to enhance cost-effectiveness, sharing and exchanging digital records and archives amongst employees. This study is pertinent as it enriches the literature in the field of records and archives management and provides strategies on the management of digital records and archives in state universities in Zimbabwe.

A. A. Lebedev, E. V. Ugrinovich

The article analyzes the state and prospects of financial support for research activities of universities subordinate to the Ministry of education and science of Russia in the framework of cooperation with the International center for scientific and technical information. The article examines the financial contribution of each ICSTI member country to the research activities of higher education institutions of the Ministry of education and science of Russia for the period 2013 – 2017. The author defines the main stable directions and trends of financial support of higher education institutions of the Ministry of education and science of Russia in the field of scientific and technical cooperation with the ICSTI member countries. The author has established a ranking and identified groups of ICSTI member countries that have the greatest impact on the financial support of research activities of higher education institutions of the Ministry of education and science of Russia. The author has developed proposals on the prospects of financial support for research activities of universities subordinate to the Ministry of education and science of Russia.

A. Madni

F. Galuszka

About painting, cybernetics, and shared purpose, this article is partly a story, in part a memoir, an adventure in cybernetics, happening 30 years ago, in snow, in the small Swiss city of St. Gallen. A conference of the American Society for Cybernetics meets there. It is 1987. The author, a painter, searching for a new understanding of painting, encounters a convergence of the art of painting and the art of cybernetics through principles of second-order cybernetics in Pask, von Foerster and Maturana, dissolved in Kathleen Forsythe’s poetry. The form, as well as the content of this article, reflects cybernetics.

Gordić Miodrag L., Tančić Dragan Lj.

The development of cybernetics conditioned the appearance of the modelling method as general scientific model and made the unity of theory and practice become by far more qualitative from, until then, ruling statistic method. This method appears in social sciences as modal experiment. By using of this fundamental experiences, the authors in this paper are firstly theoretically analysing the concept and structure of modelling including the concept and kinds of modelling, the concept and kinds of experiment, thus, its basic model in modal experiment and, finally, as the essential part of the paper, conceptual model of the security system of the Republic of Serbia and variables of modal experiment. Generally speaking, the model is considered from strategic, doctrinaire, legal-normative and organisastional-functional aspect adequate to contemporary security movements in the world, our needs and objective possibilities as well. Its application is, of course, possible in the local self-management, which is becoming increasingly important factor of the state security system.

Alina Mykytyshyn

This article discusses the structural and functional model of professional foreign language training of future software engineers on the basis of integrative approach. For this purpose, the method of pedagogical modeling is applied. In scientific literature, there are numerous definitions of the term «model», and the article presents a brief description of the most prominent ones. Moreover, the actual research examines the concept and basic characteristics of the method of pedagogical modeling and its relevance for the chosen topic. It is concluded that pedagogical modeling assists in outlining the structure, components, functions and stages of the professional foreign language training of future software engineers and helps to see the interrelations and interdependence between its structural parts. The article outlines five structural components of the model of professional foreign language communicative training of future software engineers. These are purpose, content, activity and communication, control and regulation and result components. All of them represent a whole and complex structure of the proposed methodology of professional foreign language communicative training of future software engineers on the basis of integrative approach. The article provides a description of each of blocks and concludes on their relevance in the implementation of the experimental methodology. Moreover, the depicted model provides an insight into stages and methods of organization of the above-mentioned process in the system of a learning process of future software engineers.

Volodymyr Kravchenko, Vitaliy Breslavets, Igor Yakovenko et al.

Предметом вивчення є механізми виникнення нестійкостей власних коливань напівпровідникових надґраток, обумовлених їх взаємодією з потоками заряджених частинок в умовах впливу зовнішнього електромагнітного випромінювання. Мета - отримання розрахункових співвідношень, які дозволяють визначати ступінь відхилення робочих характеристик напівпровідникових комплектуючих від норми в залежності від параметрів зовнішнього імпульсного електромагнітного випромінювання. Задача - отримання моделі взаємодії наведених зовнішнім електромагнітним випромінюванням струмів з електростатичними коливаннями напівпровідникової надґратки, заснованої на реалізації резонансної (черенковської) взаємодії рухомих зарядів і електромагнітних коливань в умовах, коли збігаються фазова швидкість хвилі і швидкість зарядженої частинки. Використовувані методи: аналітичні методи рішення рівнянь Максвелла і рівнянь середовища в рамках гідродинамічного підходу. Отримано наступні результати. Проведено дослідження функціонування напівпровідникових комплектуючих електрорадіовиробів (надґграток) в умовах впливу потужних імпульсних електромагнітних полів. Вивчено характер змін працездатності напівпровідникових комплектуючих елементної бази технічних засобів. Показано, що вплив імпульсного електромагнітного випромінювання супроводжується виникненням струмів в провідних елементах виробів і виникненням їх внутрішніх полів. Визначено один з типів оборотних відмов напівпровідникової елементної бази електрорадіовиробів, заснований на взаємодії струмів, наведених зовнішнім випромінюванням, з власними полями надґграток, що комплектують виріб. Подібні відмови реалізуються в умовах черенковського випромінювання (струм паралельний до кордонів структури). Показано, що дана взаємодія призводить до енергетичних втрат наведених струмів на збудження власних коливань надґраток, тобто появі режиму генерації коливань, який характеризується зміною вольт-амперних характеристик радіовиробів. Висновки. Результати, отримані в роботі, можуть бути використані при оцінці працездатності активних радіоелектронних приладів (підсилювачів, генераторів і перетворювачів електромагнітних коливань міліметрового та субміліметрового діапазонів) в умовах впливу зовнішніх імпульсних електромагнітних полів. Проведений в роботі порівняльний аналіз кількісних оцінок оборотних відмов напівпровідникових приладів в залежності від просторової конфігурації поля, що впливає (наведений струм паралельний до кордонів структури), дозволяє вирішувати задачі оптимізації ступеня спотворення робочих характеристик даних приладів.

V. S. Kondratenko, A. S. Naumov, A. Yu. Rogov

The work is dedicated to the development of highly efficient technologies of precision cutting brittle non-metallic materials on the basis of a method of laser-managed thermosplitting (LCT), which gets recently the increasing distribution and worldwide recognition. Some examples of high-tech solutions to problems using the method of LCT on the Russian industrial plant MLP1-1060 / 355 for precise cutting of sapphire substrates and other brittle non-metallic materials. The paper analyzes the advantages of LCT method in comparison with common now cutting way - scribing laser picosecond. Visually-selling onstrate the practical results of such work as cutting instrument sapphire crystals on the plates; Sec-tion of sapphire substrates on elements critical to external influences; cutting instrument silicon wafers with OLED structures; narrow cutting sapphire substrates for LED lamps of the new generation; cutting circular tubes of different diameters and disc; cutting of tubes of square section and the square of elements of borosilicate glass; Development of technologies for creating grids on the surface of the optical elements. Cited in the results of the studies indicate that the successful use of the Russian LCT technology to solve problems of high-tech cutting plates of brittle non-metallic materials such as sapphire, glass, and silicon on the plant produced domestically.

Kudret, Yurtseven, Walter et al.

The aim of this paper is to look at some important educational aspects of complexity decision making in a multidisciplinary manner from the perspective of General Systems Theory (GST). First, the major issues involved in complexity management and decision making are summarized as they are viewed in literature, and a review of GST and Systems Thinking is given. The discussion in the paper is developed within the context of GST in general, but concentrated on decision making in the three trends of GST: Operations Research, Cybernetics, and Managerial Cybernetics. Here, the role of Cybernetics in complexity decision making is particularly emphasized. The discussion is then extended to the latest developments in complexity decision making in Science of Complexity and Soft Systems Thinking. The study also includes a framework which is expected to guide instructors who are planning to offer contemporary courses on decision making. The framework provides some clues for assessing the level of complexity for a given situation and selecting the appropriate methodology for solution

Borissov Yuri, Boyvalenkov Peter, Tsenkov Robert

We investigate the effect of inserting extra linearity in the Data Encryption Standard (DES) through appropriate nonsingular linear encodings of the output of the individual S-boxes. More specifically, we examine the general situation when the output of each S-box of the DESis precoded separately intoaproperly constructed copy of the inherent even-weight code of length 4. The study is focused on finding multi-round linear characteristics for thus modified DESciphers having maximal effectiveness. Depending on the particular encodings, it turns out that the effectiveness of interest may be larger but in most cases is smaller than that one for the original DESwith the same number of rounds. The latter means that the complexity of successful linear cryptanalysis against these ciphers will mainly increase comparing to the DESitself. The present research extends inanatural way our previous work[Linear Cryptanalysis and Modified DESwith Parity Check in the S-boxes, LNCS 9540 (2016), pp. 60-78].

W. Schultz