Hasil untuk "Colonies and colonization. Emigration and immigration. International migration"

Jina Swartz, Bayard Roberts, David Cantor

This special series on ‘health and internal displacement’ is concerned primarily with the health needs of internally displaced persons (IDPs) in conflict contexts. Curated by editors from the recently established Health and Internal Displacement Network (HIDN), the series brings together a selection of thirteen new research articles from among many submitted in response to an open call for papers by HIDN and the Journal of Migration and Health. The aims of this series are to increase engagement with the health needs of IDPs and to support research, policy and programming in this relatively neglected area. The series focuses on IDP health but is not prescriptive in terms of health conditions, age groups, geographic region, or camp or urban setting, and reflects the diversity of IDP populations, contexts and needs.

Mojca Vah Jevšnik

In recent years, it has been observed that workers who are being posted to provide services in the EU Member States are not only EU nationals but also third-country nationals (TCNs). The overlap of migration, employment regimes, and cross-border mobility has been particularly notable in specific labor-intensive sectors in Slovenia, such as construction, where the overall share of posted TCNs has reached over 43%. The challenges and needs of the posting companies in accessing and using relevant information regarding the posting of TCNs that may be subject to additional country-specific conditions and regulations are manifold. The problem is exacerbated further when company owners are TCNs themselves. The article gives an overview of the challenges of the employers and TCN-posted workers in terms of their access and use of information on the posting of workers, focusing mainly on the impediments due to language barriers.

Bernard Fallery

Between utopia and dystopia, the concept of Smart city is in question. The smart city is a dream, but the concrete achievements of capturing behaviors were quickly contested by citizens. The well-documented story of the Google fiasco in 2020 in Toronto illustrates this technological solutionism which envisaged building a platform city, a calculated city. Hyper-connection and algorithmic optimization can then be analyzed at the level of ethics. We can argue that none of the three major ethical principles – that of person, that of duty or that of utility – will be able to found an ethics for digital technology. The inevitable conflicts will not be to be resolved but to be lived, in an ethics based on complex thought.

Rok Smrdelj

Raziskovanje migracij in medijev odlikuje izjemno obsežna in bogata raziskovalna dinamika, ki jo določata področji »migracije v medijih« in »mediji v migracijah«. Medtem ko je za prvo usmeritev značilna obravnava medijskih reprezentacij beguncev in migrantov v množičnih in družbenih medijih, pa je druga linija usmerjena v etnografsko in antropološko raziskovanje načinov uporabe novih medijskih tehnologij (npr. pametnih telefonov) z vidika posameznikove izkušnje v migracijskem procesu. Če študije na področju raziskovanja migracij v medijih potrjujejo vpliv množičnih medijev in družbenih medijev pri reprezentaciji beguncev in migrantov kot »drugih«, »kriminalcev« in »nezaželenih« v javnem diskurzu, pa je temeljni doprinos raziskovanja medijev v migracijah v ugotovitvi, da so nove medijske tehnologije pomemben dejavnik v procesu integracije beguncev in migrantov v okolje ciljne države.

Natalia Gavazzo, Lucila Nejamkis

Resumen A partir de una investigación-acción-participativa que comenzó en 2019 en una zona segregada del partido de San Martin del Gran Buenos Aires, este artículo se propone analizar las estrategias de las mujeres migrantes para lidiar con la emergencia sanitaria relacionada al COVID19. Mostraremos que la población migrante residente utiliza sus redes sociales en la multiplicidad de estrategias colectivas de inserción en este territorio con alta vulnerabilidad social, las que se vuelven aún más centrales en un contexto de crisis. Son en su gran mayoría las mujeres migrantes quienes, a partir de sus múltiples organizaciones y saberes, contienen la emergencia sanitaria en estos barrios populares y cubren así diversas falencias del Estado. Tomando esto en consideración, usaremos el concepto de cuidados comunitarios para comprender las estrategias de las mujeres y la importance en ellas de la creación y el fortalecimiento del trabajo en red.

Alexandros Sakellariou, Zeynep Sahin Mencütek, Mika Raunio et al.

Ashika Niraula, Karen Valentin

Based on two ethnographic studies on the experiences of high-skilled migrants in Denmark, we argue that it is problematic to presume a simple correlation between ‘deskilling’ and what is often regarded as low-status jobs. We claim that many of these migrants are, albeit discreetly, actively gaining new skills and knowledge through low-status jobs not related to their qualifications and/or utilising their existing knowledge and skills in their everyday lives. We approach skills as a social construct that differs according to context and under particular historical circumstances, not merely as a neutral, measurable and easily transferable human capital. The article offers critical analysis of simultaneous processes of skilling– deskilling–reskilling–upskilling linked to migration and generates new insights into debates on highly educated migrants in a Nordic context.

Adele Valeria Messina

This article demonstrates how effective open access is and how it meets productivity in Social Sciences. The main objective of this work is to show the proper and smooth functioning of open access. In fact, it allows us to achieve positive results and constitutes a key tool for research. After this first discussion, it will propose an inspiring case study. This article results from a research conducted during the doctoral period by using EBSCO database. This paper aims to prove and bespeak how metadata are available to reveal unknown topic: the Racial American ideology in 1890-1930s. This contribution seeks to display how it is proper and successful a multidisciplinary dialogue.

Sabrina Mommolin

This bibliography retraces more than 45 years of research and compiled several hundred publications mainly in the field of economic geography.

Zoppellari, Anna

Alexis Cloquell Lozano

This article analyzes the morphology of the tendencies of association of the non-European immigrant population in the Valencian Community. With this objective and from a quantitative methodological perspective, we present a synthetisis of the joint results of two research projects carried out in the Valencian context. Given the heterogeneity, dynamism and complexity presented by the associative phenomenon, this analysis considers and investigates the current structural, organizational and functional elements that accompany and define it. This has enabled us not only to gain knowledge of the logic and factors operating in it, but also to establish a typology of migrant organizations taking into account those variables that are most significant from a statistical point of view.

Claudia Contente

Mª Ángeles Cea D’Ancona, Miguel S. Vallés Martínez

In this article we deal with the first results of the qualitative phase of the MEXEES 3 Project that aims at the improvement of xenophobia measurement via survey. The more comprehensive research has been oriented by four specific objectives: 1. To develop more efficient indicators for registering the forms of xenophobia (and xenophile); 2. To analyze the factors affecting its manifestation or concealment; 3. To inquire about the main experiential axes of today’s xenophobic discourse and its correspondence with theoretical knowledge, 4. To test which survey design favors the declaration of xenophobic attitudes or attitudes against immigration. Although the qualitative study has provided some relevant materials for the first three objectives, here we focus mainly on the third. Together with the reflection over our methodological design and implementation, we highlight some of the concrete experiences of xenophobia and xenophile that arose whilst qualitatively interviewing natives and foreigners. Both the prevalence and actualization of the dimensions underlined in the literature are detected (the one of national-cultural identity, the one of competence for limited resources, and the one related with citizen security); to these is added the emergence of some variants related to the pre sent context of high immigration visibility in Spain, in daily life, in political discourses and the media

Jesús Labrador Fernández, María Rosa Blanco Puga

This article presents a study on the integration of the young adult and adolescent children of immigrants into the educational system and the labor market. It examines the impact of various factors on this integration process, including social capital, family history and educational background, gender, and school resources. Intensive interviews have been conducted with a sample of Moroccan, Chinese, and Dominican immigrants between 16 and 24 years of age and the analysis explores their discourse with respect to their educational trajectory (finished or unfinished) and their past and current work experiences. The findings indicate that a number of factors play a role in this process as well as in the ability of the subjects to make the transition to adulthood. Some of the most important amongst them are: age on arrival, gender, family involvement in and support for the daily schoolwork of their children and the attitudes and autonomy of the children with regard to the decisions they make about their future

Lin Sheng, Trent Bax

AbstractThis paper is based on case studies in Fuzhou, China, with the aim of exploring the changes in Fuzhou’s irregular emigration activities. The findings indicate that due to changing socio‐economic and historical circumstances, a more legalizing tendency of irregular emigration from Fuzhou can be observed. Among these new developments are the following: less risk, along with the use of safer tactics, is now involved in the process of emigration; emigrants are better supported with resources such as financial support, network support and a higher level of education; “legal” status is cherished in the process of emigration, and fewer and fewer emigrants are likely to be victimized by organized smuggling groups; and migratory waves have decelerated and the passion for emigration has become both more rational and more sensible.

Mélanie Fusaro, Petterson Molina Vale

For nearly a century the Italian «great emigration » (1860-1970) drove millions of migrants to South America, in particular to Argentina and Brazil. According to the Italian legislation, their descendants are still entitled to the Italian nationality iure sanguinis. On which «Italianness» does this legal recognition lie? How was the identity of these «oriundi» shaped and passed on throughout the generations?

Kenneth M. Bilby

Jankunu (Jonkonnu, Junkanoo), an Afro-Caribbean Yuletide tradition centering on masked dance, is generally characterized as a secular festival. This article presents contemporary ethnographic evidence showing that certain older variants of the tradition remain closely connected with African-derived religious concepts and practices. On the basis of this new evidence, the author argues for a reexamination and reevaluation of the historical significance of this tradition, which even today, despite its ostensible secularity, has vaguely "spiritual" associations for many in the region—including some of those who represent it as "secular." The article interprets this apparent contradiction as the result of a historical process of secularization (in response to the stigmatization of African modes of religiosity) that was only partly successful.

Maty Diallo-Dia, Ansoumana Sane

This article is the result of a study on digital learning spaces in the Dakar area. Our methodology followed three complementary steps: a quantitative survey, a qualitative survey, and a review of current literature on the subject. From kindergarden to college, the number of digital learning spaces (with multimedia tools and internet access) is growing so fast that one might wonder about the scenarios and logic that led to their establishment and the competences of the actors behind it. The results show the existence of several categories of learning spaces based on their organization or the objectives that led to their creation. They also show how digital learning spaces help reduce the digital divide in Senegal and, in addition to the classical use of ICT, come in handy in personal projects as well, and how they contribute to the development of the areas in which they are established…

Philip V. Cannistraro, Gianfausto Rosoli

This article delineates the general trends and patterns of emigration policy as it evolved within the Fascist government during the 1920s, explaining that policy in the broader context of official theory.

Alejandro Portes