Davide Traini, José Manuel Alcalde-Llergo, Mariana Buenestado-Fernández
et al.
This study analyzes behavioral engagement in SONAR, a virtual reality application designed for sign language training and validation. We focus on three automatically derived engagement indicators (Visual Attention (VA), Video Replay Frequency (VRF), and Post-Playback Viewing Time (PPVT)) and examine their relationship with learning performance. Participants completed a self-paced Training phase, followed by a Validation quiz assessing retention. We employed Pearson correlation analysis to examine the relationships between engagement indicators and quiz performance, followed by binomial Generalized Linear Model (GLM) regression to assess their joint predictive contributions. Additionally, we conducted temporal analysis by aggregating moment-to-moment VA traces across all learners to characterize engagement dynamics during the learning session. Results show that VA exhibits a strong positive correlation with quiz performance,followed by PPVT, whereas VRF shows no meaningful association. A binomial GLM confirms that VA and PPVT are significant predictors of learning success, jointly explaining a substantial proportion of performance variance. Going beyond outcome-oriented analysis, we characterize temporal engagement patterns by aggregating moment-to-moment VA traces across all learners. The temporal profile reveals distinct attention peaks aligned with informationally dense segments of both training and validation videos, as well as phase-specific engagement dynamics, including initial acclimatization, oscillatory attention cycles during learning, and pronounced attentional peaks during assessment. Together, these findings highlight the central role of sustained and strategically allocated visual attention in VR-based sign language learning and demonstrate the value of behavioral trace data for understanding and predicting learner engagement in immersive environments.
Hands-on training sessions become a standard way to develop and increase knowledge in cybersecurity. As practical cybersecurity exercises are strongly process-oriented with knowledge-intensive processes, process mining techniques and models can help enhance learning analytics tools. The design of our open-source analytical dashboard is backed by guidelines for visualizing multivariate networks complemented with temporal views and clustering. The design aligns with the requirements for post-training analysis of a special subset of cybersecurity exercises -- supervised Capture the Flag games. Usability is demonstrated in a case study using trainees' engagement measurement to reveal potential flaws in training design or organization.
Markiian Mandzak, Elvira Yang, Anna Zapaishchykova
et al.
Extracranial tissues visible on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may hold significant value for characterizing health conditions and clinical decision-making, yet they are rarely quantified. Current tools have not been widely validated, particularly in settings of developing brains or underlying pathology. We present TissUnet, a deep learning model that segments skull bone, subcutaneous fat, and muscle from routine three-dimensional T1-weighted MRI, with or without contrast enhancement. The model was trained on 155 paired MRI-computed tomography (CT) scans and validated across nine datasets covering a wide age range and including individuals with brain tumors. In comparison to AI-CT-derived labels from 37 MRI-CT pairs, TissUnet achieved a median Dice coefficient of 0.79 [IQR: 0.77-0.81] in a healthy adult cohort. In a second validation using expert manual annotations, median Dice was 0.83 [IQR: 0.83-0.84] in healthy individuals and 0.81 [IQR: 0.78-0.83] in tumor cases, outperforming previous state-of-the-art method. Acceptability testing resulted in an 89% acceptance rate after adjudication by a tie-breaker(N=108 MRIs), and TissUnet demonstrated excellent performance in the blinded comparative review (N=45 MRIs), including both healthy and tumor cases in pediatric populations. TissUnet enables fast, accurate, and reproducible segmentation of extracranial tissues, supporting large-scale studies on craniofacial morphology, treatment effects, and cardiometabolic risk using standard brain T1w MRI.
Este artículo propone una arqueología visual de la subjetividad rider como producto del capitalismo de plataformas y la silicolonización. Se realiza un análisis descriptivo de dicha subjetividad a partir de cinco pares de imágenes dialécticas —puestas en diálogo—, dividiendo el artículo en cinco partes: se comienza con la descripción del contexto que posibilita dicha subjetividad; seguidamente, se exponen algunos de los rasgos más señalados de su problemática para acabar planteando imágenes y enunciados que remiten a otros escenarios futuros desde los que enmarcar la subjetividad rider contemporánea.
Narratology is a new science and deals with the understanding of the relationships, structures and grammar governing the narrative, which is rooted in structuralism. Structuralists in narratology seek to investigate the order and to discover the internal proportions in the narrative, the relationships and links existing on the elements that make up the story and explain the system that governs the narrative discourse. In this process, Propp and Greimas, relying on the method of narratology, pay attention to face analysis, and people like Genet have analyzed the tone of the narrative. Propp initiated narratology and was able to create special narrative patterns for folktales that deal with the functions in the development of characters and their relationships. He concluded that although the people and characters of these stories and their actions are diverse, their roles are limited and fixed. Following that, Greimas, who is one of the founders of structuralist semantics, by studying meaning and structures related to it, developed his action model based on how to use linguistic concepts that are used in the analysis of texts, to shift attention changed from sign to meaning. Greimas believes that it is necessary to cross the outer surface and to enter the deep layers of the text in order to find both the meaningful surface structures and the structures that are hidden in the depth of the text. In the Greimas's model, every narrative system is divided into six actors, which include sender/receiver/subject/object/restraining force and helping force. The sender sends the actor to follow the target and orders the execution of the command. The receiver is the one who benefits from the action or does not benefit from it. The object is the value object and the subject and goal of the action. The restraining force prevents the actor from reaching the goal and the assisting force helps the actor to reach the goal. The subject is the central element of the story. Greimas proposed three categories of dual oppositions, the six actors that are defined are divided into three categories of pairs of oppositions, each of which forms an axis of action (demand/power/sending); the axis of desire: (subject/passive), the axis of power: (helping force/inhibiting force) and the axis of sending: (sender/receiver).The subject and object pair is the most fundamental pair. Greimas's method is compatible with the method of semantics, and the narrative is made up of passages that must be understood in order to understand the text, and based on this, three syntactic rules are defined, which include executive, contractual, and disjunctive chains. In the analysis of ontology, according to the opposing pairs, three categories of human beings are defined and their role is checked whether they are active or not, and are present in the action or are likely to be present in the action. It is also determined whether they are active or not and whether they are conscious or unconscious in action. In the temporal and spatial sequence, which is one of the main elements of the narrative, how to change the temporal sequence to the spatial sequence is defined. In this research, a picture of Timurid version of Zafarnameh 935 was analyzed based on the action pattern of Greimas. This version is one of the most important books of the Timurid period and is based on a true narration and the follow-up in its details can be cited and the results of the analysis can be accurate and also the relationship between the text and the picture is clear and the content of the pictures according to the traditions that Greimas has in mind are close and the text and the picture have a deep connection. Despite the importance of this version, no complete research has been done on it based on the semantics of the pictures. The purpose of this research is to study how the visual and action patterns match with the Greimas's pattern. The main questions of the research are:1- How is the analysis of the structure of the narrative according to the elements of the visual activist in the mentioned picture? 2- What is the conversion of time sequence to place sequence in the image according to the narrative? 3- Can the painting be examined in the same way as the text in a structuralist way and conform to the model of Greimas? The research method is analysis using Greimas's model and data collection based on the study of written and documentary sources. The result of the research shows that the pattern of Greimas can be adapted to painting and each image with superstructure and underlying structure in the structure of analysis can act as an independent text. Also, the study of the structure of denotative chains to find the meaning of the image and the transformation of the temporal sequence into the place sequence in the image and its effect on the formation of the overall system in the structure of the visual narrative was considered.
The recent discovery of little red dots - a population of extremely compact and highly dust-reddened high redshift galaxies - by the James Webb Space Telescope presents a new challenge to the fields of astrophysics and cosmology. Their remarkably high luminosities at redshifts 5 < z < 10, appear to challenge LambdaCDM cosmology and galaxy formation models, as they imply stellar masses and star formation rates that exceed the upper limits set by these models. LRDs are currently subjects of debate as the mechanisms behind their high luminosities are not yet fully understood. LRD energy outputs are thought to be either dominated by star formation or their energy output results from the hosting of active galactic nuclei. We investigate the starburst hypothesis by attempting to replicate the stellar properties of LRDs using output data from the FLARES simulation suite. Comparative analysis of galactic properties such as galactic number density, stellar mass and star formation rate yield significant tension between simulated and observed galaxies. The FLARES simulation overestimates the number densities of galaxies with stellar masses similar to observed LRDs by several orders of magnitude. Additionally, the simulation shows an overestimation of star formation rates. These tensions suggest a potential underestimation by the FLARES model of stellar feedback mechanisms such as active galactic nuclei feedback. These results suggest that the starburst hypothesis may be insufficient to explain the observed properties of these galaxies. Instead, the AGN scenario should be further investigated by repeating the methods in this study with a hydrodynamic galaxy simulation suite that models a higher influence of AGN feedback mechanisms on stellar activity in high redshift galaxies.
Fabio Miranda, Thomas Ortner, Gustavo Moreira
et al.
Urbanization has amplified the importance of three-dimensional structures in urban environments for a wide range of phenomena that are of significant interest to diverse stakeholders. With the growing availability of 3D urban data, numerous studies have focused on developing visual analysis techniques tailored to the unique characteristics of urban environments. However, incorporating the third dimension into visual analytics introduces additional challenges in designing effective visual tools to tackle urban data's diverse complexities. In this paper, we present a survey on visual analytics of 3D urban data. Our work characterizes published works along three main dimensions (why, what, and how), considering use cases, analysis tasks, data, visualizations, and interactions. We provide a fine-grained categorization of published works from visualization journals and conferences, as well as from a myriad of urban domains, including urban planning, architecture, and engineering. By incorporating perspectives from both urban and visualization experts, we identify literature gaps, motivate visualization researchers to understand challenges and opportunities, and indicate future research directions.
What differentiates narration with sequential images from narration with single images? Pictorial narration can take different forms, depending on how many images are used to tell a story. This paper questions common usages of the notions single images and sequential images, in order to better understand the differences between them for visual narration. It highlights the specific potential of sequential images regarding storytelling and notes what kinds of inference a spectator needs to undertake to correctly understand such pictorial narratives. The aim is to gain a more thorough understanding of a specific kind of two-dimensional pictorial narration: narration with sequential images.
We argue that the construction of spacetime is personal, specific to each observer, and requires combining aspects of both discovery and creation. What is usually referred to as the block universe then emerges by noting that part of the future is contained in the present, but without the limitations that the four-dimensional block universe usually implies, of a reality in which change would be impossible. In our operational approach, reality remains dynamic, with free choice playing a central role in its conceptualization. We therefore claim that Einstein's relativity revolution has not been fully realized, since most physicists do not seem to be open to the idea that objects move not only in space, but also and especially in time, and more generally in spacetime, with their rest mass being a measure of their kinetic time energy. When relativistic motion is revisited as a genuine four-dimensional motion, it becomes possible to reinterpret the parameter c associated with the coordinate speed of light, which becomes the magnitude of the four-velocity of all material entities. We also observe that the four-dimensional motion in Minkowski space can be better understood if placed in the broader perspective of quantum mechanics, if non-locality is interpreted as non-spatiality, thus indicating the existence of an underlying non-spatial reality, the nature of which could be conceptual, consistent with the conceptuality interpretation of quantum mechanics. This hypothesis is reinforced by noting that when observers, or experiencers, as they will be referred to in this article, are described by acknowledging their cognitive nature, of entities moving in a semantic space, Minkowski metric emerges in a natural way.
Quantum mechanics has maintained over the years the reputation of being "the most obscure theory." It works perfectly well, but nobody seems to know why. It has been argued that the difficulty in understanding quantum theory is our failed attempt to force onto it a wrong conceptual scheme, wanting at all costs to think about the objects of the theory as, precisely, objects, i.e., entities having continuously actual spatiotemporal properties. This too restrictive spatiotemporal scheme is most probably at the heart of the problem, as also underlined by the Einsteinian revolution, but then what could be an alternative? Many thinkers have suggested that we must surrender to the fact that our physical world is one of immanent powers and potencies. Aristotle did so ante quantum litteram, followed by scholars like Heisenberg, Primas, Shimony, Piron, Kastner, Kauffman, de Ronde, just to name a few, including the authors, who were both students of Piron in Geneva. However, if on the one hand a potentiality ontology puts the accent on the processes of change, responsible for the incessant shifts between actual and potential properties, on the other hand it does not tell what these changes are all about. In other words, the metaphysical question remains of identifying the nature of the bearer of these potencies, or potentialities, and of the entities that can actualize them. It is the purpose of the present article to emphasize that the above question has found a possible answer in the recent Conceptuality Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics, which we believe offers the missing ontology and metaphysics that can make the theory fully intelligible, and even intuitive.
The relationship between frames and works of art, or more generally between frames and images, is a classic problem of aesthetics and art history, which has however become a hot topic today, since new digital technologies seem to promise completely frameless virtual and fictional worlds. Nonetheless, it is perhaps useful to frame the question of the frame, and of the thresholds of the images, with a colder look, taking into account the cognitive, phenomenological and ontological implications of their variable and multilayered relationships.
With similar political views and shared interests in the visual arts, dance, and music, these artists found commonality and took inspiration from one another's aesthetic and social concerns.
Jocy Meneses dos Santos Junior, Jarlisse Nina Beserra da Silva
As mulheres são vitimadas por inúmeras discriminações e violências em nossa sociedade. Desse modo, é imprescindível a construção de estratégias de sensibilização da sociedade a respeito desses problemas, as quais podem contribuir para a transformação de mentalidade necessária ao efetivo enfrentamento deles. A partir da problematização da arte e de sua história, delineamos e executamos ações educativas com os objetivos de estimular uma postura reflexiva e crítica acerca das relações de gênero e incentivar o repúdio e o combate às discriminações e violências contra mulheres. Essas ações foram concebidas de modo a elucidar, a partir da discussão sobre obras, artistas e o sistema da arte de modo geral, que preconceitos, assimetrias e violências de gênero foram tanto banalizadas e reforçadas quanto expostas e combatidas por meio da arte no curso da história. Os relatos de participantes dessas ações evidenciam que as problematizações propostas despertaram novos modos de ver, fomentando importantes reflexões e discussões a respeito das estereotipações, exclusões e violências sofridas por mulheres, dentro e fora do campo da arte.
We study what happens to D and D_s mesons as the temperature increases, using lattice QCD simulations with N_f=2+1 dynamical flavours on anistropic lattices. We have access to five temperatures in the hadronic phase. Using the determined groundstate mass at the lowest temperature, we investigate the effect of rising temperature by analysing ratios of mesonic correlators, without the need for further fitting or spectral reconstruction. In the pseudoscalar and vector channels, we demonstrate that temperature effects are at the percent level and can be captured by a reduction of the groundstate mass as the thermal crossover is approached. In the axial-vector and scalar channels on the other hand, temperature effects are prominent throughout the hadronic phase.
Visual grounding is a task to locate the target indicated by a natural language expression. Existing methods extend the generic object detection framework to this problem. They base the visual grounding on the features from pre-generated proposals or anchors, and fuse these features with the text embeddings to locate the target mentioned by the text. However, modeling the visual features from these predefined locations may fail to fully exploit the visual context and attribute information in the text query, which limits their performance. In this paper, we propose a transformer-based framework for accurate visual grounding by establishing text-conditioned discriminative features and performing multi-stage cross-modal reasoning. Specifically, we develop a visual-linguistic verification module to focus the visual features on regions relevant to the textual descriptions while suppressing the unrelated areas. A language-guided feature encoder is also devised to aggregate the visual contexts of the target object to improve the object's distinctiveness. To retrieve the target from the encoded visual features, we further propose a multi-stage cross-modal decoder to iteratively speculate on the correlations between the image and text for accurate target localization. Extensive experiments on five widely used datasets validate the efficacy of our proposed components and demonstrate state-of-the-art performance. Our code is public at https://github.com/yangli18/VLTVG.
Design and Applied Arts Commercial and Advertising Art Commercial Photography Design and Visual Communications Fashion Design Game and Interactive Media Design Graphic Design Illustration Industrial and Product Design Interior Design Digital Arts Philosophy and Religion Applied and Professional Ethics Buddhist Studies Christian Studies Ethics Islamic Studies Judaic Studies Logic Philosophy Philosophy and Religious Studies, General Religious Studies
ارزش محتوایی رنگ در هنرهای سنتی چون قالیبافی، همواره از ارزش بصری آن بیشتر بوده است؛ تا جایی که حضور رنگ در این هنر بهویژه قالیهای محرابی همچون هر پدیده دیگر در نظام فکری عرفای اسلامی و سنتگرایان، میتواند از حقیقتی نامتناهی در ورای خود حکایت کند. در این میان علاءالدوله سمنانی و شیخ محمد کریمخان کرمانی به رنگها توجه ویژهای داشتهاند که با در نظر گرفتن تصوف و تشیع از یک نحلهی مشترک و نبود نگاه ویژه به رنگشناسی قالیهای محرابی دوره قاجار در نسبت با عرفان، میتوان ارتباط ضمنی موجود در دیدگاه آن دو را نسبت به مقوله مذکور به کار بست. لذا پژوهش حاضر با هدف تاویل رنگ در قالیهای محرابی دوره قاجار بر اساس دیدگاه علاءالدوله سمنانی و شیخ محمد کریمخان کرمانی، این سؤال اصلی که چگونه میتوان ماهیت رنگها در قالیهای محرابی دوره قاجار را با توجه به دیدگاه علاءالدوله سمنانی و شیخ محمد کریمخان کرمانی بازشناخت، پیش روی خود دارد تا یکی از بنیانهای عمیقی که این هنر بر آن استوار است، نمایان گشته و همزمان در فهم مکاشفات عرفانی راهگشا افتد. روش تحقیق توصیفی-تحلیلی و با تکیه بر منابع کتابخانهای بوده است. حاصل آنکه به اعتبار آرای دو عارف مزبور، نظام رنگها در قالیهای محرابی دوره قاجار، بهطور تمثیلی رسیدن به خداوند و سفر روحانی انسان را متجلی میسازند و همچون پیامبر یا امام درونی به عابد جهت داده و او را به سمت مرکز میکشانند؛ یعنی هنرمند سعی در نمایاندن معنا در صورت داشته است.
This article rescues and analyzes the facts and characters involved in the promotion of the First Brazilian Fashion Show, which took place on November 6, 1952 at the São Paulo Museum of Art (MASP), by an Italian couple who had recently emigrated to Brazil: Pietro Maria Bardi and Achillina (or Lina) Bo Bardi, he journalist and art dealer, she architect. The social, economic and ideological motivations that made possible this pioneering and extemporaneous event in the history of fashion in the country are highlighted, as well as its oblique relationships with the emergence of the field of fashion creation in Brazil and Italy.