Nathan Beel, Elisa Agostinelli, Cathy Bettman
et al.
This study explored the core values held by members of the Australian counselling and psychotherapy profession. Between March and June 2024, we surveyed registered practitioners to identify common values that underpin practitioners’ professional identity and differentiate them from members of other helping professions. Three key themes emerged from the data: prioritisation of the client, prioritisation of the therapist–client relationship, and professionalism, which includes a commitment to both professional and personal development. These findings highlight the humanistic values central to the profession. Our article concludes by recommending the development of a unified set of core values to enhance the profession’s identity and recognition.
En esta reflexión teórica se explica cómo los principios que subyacen a la psicología económica son útiles para la práctica que ejerce el psicólogo en el ámbito clínico. Primero se exponen los aspectos biológicos de la toma decisiones; después se describen los heurísticos que afectan a los procesos de pensamiento del paciente y, también, cómo estos pueden afectar al trabajo del profesional de la psicología. Por último, se usan ideas de la psicología económica para incentivar que los pacientes acudan a un profesional de la psicología cuando necesitan ayuda, con estrategias que permitan diferenciar a los que usan el método científico de aquellos que practican el intrusismo profesional.
The author discussed sapiosexuality as a phenomenon that needs to be studied further in the context of sex education. This topic is very current and needs to be discussed more scientifically. The author hopes that through this paper, it can give special consideration to being able to include the discussion of sapiosexuals in the context of formal, informal, and non-formal education. In addition, further researchers are expected to be able to link sapiosexuality with the well-established theory of multiple intelligences. In conclusion, it can be concluded that sapiosexuality is one of the most interesting discussions to be discussed further in the implementation of sexual education in various education sectors, because it is very relevant to the current situation and developments. Despite the controversy and criticism that still occurs in the field, the topic of sapiosexuality will continue to grow stronger by the day. It is evident that currently psychological instruments have been developed to measure this, and there have been quite several scientific studies targeting it. So hopefully, this theory about sapiosexuality can be more scientifically trusted in the future.
Abstract Little is known about early-life experiences that may lead to higher optimism levels in adulthood. Using data from 202,898 adults in 22 countries, we evaluated childhood candidate antecedents of optimism. We examined the associations between retrospectively reported childhood experiences and adult optimism levels in each country separately, and cross-nationally by pooling results across countries. Our pooled results suggest that higher adult optimism levels were associated with childhood experiences of having positive relationships with both parents, higher subjective financial status, better childhood self-rated health, frequent religious service attendance, an earlier year of birth, and being female. Conversely, lower adult optimism was associated with childhood experiences of parental divorce, abuse, financial hardship, and feeling like an outsider in the family. However, country-specific analyses showed substantial between-country variations in these associations, suggesting diverse societal influences. This study provides valuable insights into the association between early-life experiences and adult optimism levels across national contexts.
In my own attempt to further a refusal of binary dualisms and embrace and embody the potential of this often messy collaboration with otherness, I attempt to explore a meeting in time and space with a young person, myself as a not so young therapist and canine co-therapist. What I offer are my reflections and thoughts and what I imagine to be Holly the dog’s reflections. I wonder how we might be generating new knowledge in practice as we come together in this canine human emergent practice of co-travel. This one small story of intra-species collaboration is not necessarily a new ontology or ideology in of itself. What I wish to highlight are ideas of becoming through an intra-species collaboration of love and hope. I describe some of my thoughts and experiences as I begin a journey with Holly as co-therapist in my work with young people. I explore how the discarding of typological thinking and being open to a movement beyond binary dualisms can enrich clinical practice.
Research has shown that people with schizophrenia remember illness-related memories more frequently than healthy controls and rarely remember achievement-related memories. To date, to the best of our knowledge, no research has been conducted to understand how and with what function schizophrenia patients remember their illness- and achievement-related memories. This study aimed to investigate this issue focusing on specificity, meaning-making, functions, phe-nomenology, and centrality of illness- and achievement-related memories. A group of schizo-phrenic patients (n = 30) were asked to report their memories related to their illness and achieve-ments and evaluate each memory in terms of functions, phenomenology, and centrality. Results showed that compared to achievement-related memories, illness-related memories (1) were more specific; (2) included more negative emotions, more intense experience of traveling back in time and less information about the spatial layout. It was also found that both illness- and achieve-ment-related memories served the directive function more than the self and the social functions. However, memory type did not impact memory functions, meaning-making, and the centrality of the event. These findings suggest that illness-related memories may be more accessible and lead to an increased conscious recollection among patients with schizophrenia. The fact that both types of memories served the self and the social functions less and included less meaning-making may support the previous findings that patients with schizophrenia may have problems in making sense of their memories and associating them with the self. We believe that our find-ings may provide insights into how schizophrenia patients integrate their experiences into the self, and the mechanisms underlying schizophrenia.
Jarman Arroisi , Ussisa ‘alat Taqwa , Ahmad Farhan Nasution
The moral of Mahmudah is an important point in the tradition of Islamic thought that has been explained in depth by the Islamic philosopher Ibn Miskawaih. According to him, mahmudah morality refers to the noble and noble qualities that individuals strive for to achieve happiness and peace in life in this world and the hereafter. This study analyzes good behavior in Islamic psychology from the point of view of Ibn Miskawaih. In this study, the author used Library Research and used descriptive methods of analysis to understand Ibn Miskawaih's views on good behavior. According to Islamic psychology, individual behavior is influenced by mental and psychological aspects. Analysis of behavioral treatment in Islamic psychology shows that the concept of mahmudah morality plays an important role in shaping human behavior. The results of Ibn Miskawaih's Akhlak mahmudah are divided into several points: First, Encourage humans to behave well, Second, establish good relationships with humans, and Third, Build strong character through good character can help individuals overcome the challenges of daily life and Fourth, maintain balance in various aspects of life.
J.L. Moreno brought an innovative and revolutionary perspective to religion, philosophy, psychology, psychiatry, sociology, education, art and theatre. Moreno’s personality theory is considered as a biosocial interaction theory: a theory postulating that human beings have developed functions through constant interaction between the biological organism and the social environment. (Bischof,L.J. 1964) This article presents a research unter the name of the “Comparison of the Social Atoms of Psychotic, Neurotic and Normals” in a psychiaty clinic of a military hospital and obtained statistically significant results data is already plural. The social atom test developed for this purpose was applied to individuals considered as normals , individuals with various neurotic diagnoses and individuals with psychotic states. In this study the differences among the “social atoms” of individuals in psychotic, neurotic and normal groups are analyzed. In order to determine the differences, eight research hypotheses were tested. All hypotheses have been tested at an error level of 0.05
Usama Ahmed Khan, Mariam liaquat, Mehwish saghir
et al.
Background: Increase in range of motion of ankle and functional mobility is the most important long-term consideration for the conservative management of cerebral palsy patients.
Objective: To compare the effects of agonist contract versus antagonist contract-relax technique on ankle range of motion and functional mobility in the spastic cerebral palsy patients.
Methodology: It was randomized control trial. The target population was spastic diplegic CP patients of age 6-12 years with Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) score >24, Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) score of 1-3, and Modified Ashword Scale (MAS) score of <2. Total number of participants were seventy-two (thirty-six in each group i-e agonist contract relax group and antagonist contract relax group. It was a single blinded study. The protocol of both groups was done three days per week for eight consecutive weeks and data was collected at baseline, 4th week and 8th week. The outcome measures were spasticity and functional mobility.
Results: Total sample size was 72. Out of which 42(58.3%) were male and 30(41.7%) were female. The mean of age was 9.36 in agonist group and 8.89 in antagonist CR group. The results showed no significant difference for any outcome in between group comparison (p-value >0.05), however, the within group results showed significant difference (p-value <0.05).
Conclusion: The study concluded that both techniques are effective for improving functional mobility and range of motion in cerebral palsy patients
Key words: Agonist Contract Relax Technique, Antagonist Contract Relax Technique, Cerebral Palsy, Functional Mobility, Spasticity.
Vocational rehabilitation. Employment of people with disabilities, Therapeutics. Psychotherapy
Health psychology has the property of being a relatively new subfield among other subdisciplines of psychology. Health psychology explores the factors that affect health and disease processes and plans interventions to improve health. Critical views arising from the dissatisfaction with the dominance of the positivist view within mainstream psychology have also begun to be expressed in the field of health psychology, and the critical health psychology sub-discipline has been developed with the observation of some limitations of health psychology in the historical process. Critical health psychology contributes to a more holistic approach to the concepts of health and illness, with the aim of overcoming the limitations of mainstream health psychology. However, critical health psychology and its methods are not sufficiently recognized in Turkey. In this study, the criticisms of critical health psychology towards the mainstream and its studies to overcome them were compiled. The aim of this article was to increase the recognition of critical health psychology and participatory action research in Turkey.
In early 2020, COVID-19 began disrupting working life across the globe, with remote working and social distancing becoming the norm for many industries. This called for radical changes in psychotherapeutic practices in Australia and internationally, challenging the long-accepted face-to-face therapeutic model. COVID-19 also introduced new anxieties for patients and practitioners alike. In this paper, I draw on my own personal experiences and, through a series of case studies, explore how moving to remote working during COVID-19 actually provided unexpected and positive therapeutic outcomes. Firstly, I discuss how unexpectantly working remotely with a young girl in long-term psychotherapy helped her to return from her "psychic retreat". Secondly, I look at how a father who was working remotely at home during COVID-19 was more available to his anorectic daughter. Thirdly, I describe how students who were undertaking infant observations were able to continue these intimate mother/caregiver and baby observations remotely, and how crucial these were to the observed family.
This article tells a dialogical story and describes a process of mutual learning and embodiment over the course of a long therapeutic relationship. The article maps the development of relationship, between my inner voices, my supervisors and those of my client, where stories of self and other are articulated, elaborated and externalised using the metaphor of a "bundle of treasures". A self-reflexive process of personal and professional mapping, using the hierarchical model of the Coordinated Management of Meaning, is described. In a recursive and isomorphic process, supervisory and therapeutic conversations further elaborate these stories, and through joint action, enable the creation of a liminal, reflexive space, a Fifth Province position, a cauldron of creativity where practice-based theory can develop. This process will be illustrated as it arises in the story of relationship and the process of therapy, so this narrative invites the reader to become an active participant in a never-ending process where theory becomes a live metaphor in the quest for being human
Muhammad Usman Riaz, Fareeha Shah, Syed Muhmmad Shah
Background: Lumbar radiculopathy is characterized with pain in hip and lower back that goes down into leg through thigh. Mostly, it results from damage one or more spines of lower vertebrae from Lumber to Sacral. This damage may result in further compression of nerves exiting from vertebral foramina of these vertebrae Objective: To compare effects of spinal mobilization with leg movement and neurodynamic sliding technique for improving function in radicular leg pain.
Methodology: This was randomized clinical trial conducted the department of Physiotherapy Fatimah Memorial Hospital, Lahore. 30 patients with symptoms of radicular leg pain were allocated to two treatment groups using their hospital record number. One group was treated with spinal mobilization with leg movement and the other group was managed with neurodynamic sliding techniques. Each patients was treated with two treatment session per week for two weeks. Outcome of the treatment was recoded on NPRS and ODI.
Results: There was significant difference across the two treatment group in terms of NPRS and ODI at post treatment week 1 and 2. The mean difference from the pretreatment value to final value at week II was 3.93 (P value < 0.05) in Spinal Mobilization with Leg Movement treatment group compared to 2.66 (P value < 0.05) in Neurodynamic Sliding treatment group. The mean difference from the pretreatment value to final value at week II was 33.80 (P value < 0.05) in Spinal Mobilization with Leg Movement treatment group compared to 27.40 (P value < 0.05) in Neurodynamic Sliding treatment group.
Conclusion: Spinal mobilization with leg movement is more effective than neurodynamic sliding technique for improving function in radicular leg pain.
Keywords: Neurodynamic Sliding, Lumbar Radiculopathy, Mobilization
Vocational rehabilitation. Employment of people with disabilities, Therapeutics. Psychotherapy
Kemampuan komunikasi interpersonal sangat penting dalam menjalin dan menjaga hubungan yang baik antar sesama manusia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana pentingnya bimbingan kelompok dengan metode kisah dalam meningkatkan kemampuan komunikasi interpesonal mahasiswa Bimbingan dan Penyuluhan Islam Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Raden Fatah Palembang. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa bimbingan kelompok dengan metode kisah berperan penting dalam meningkatkan keterbukaan, empati, sikap mendukung, sikap positif, dan kesetaraan. Dari hasil penelitian tersebut dalam disimpulkan bahwa bimbingan kelompok dengan metode kisah berperan penting dalam meningkatkan kemampuan komunikasi interpesonal mahasiswa Bimbingan dan Penyuluhan Islam Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Raden Fatah Palembang.
Results of twin studies are presented; these demonstrate that in a number of cases genetic effects can play a role of mild predisposing factors for the development of homosexuality, but the main part in its formation is accounted for by psychological and social factors. The opinion that genetic factors play the only and dominant role in the genesis of homosexuality does not hold water due to the fact that if it were so then their concordance for homosexuality in monozygotic twins would be 100 %, but it is not observed in reality. The studies conducted with the correct selection of examinees revealed 20 % of the concordance for homosexuality in male monozygotic twins and 24 % in female ones (Bailey, J.M., et al. Genetic and environmental influences on sexual orientation and its correlates in an Australian twin sample. J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. 78(3), 524‑536). The use of Holzinger’s formula for analyzing the obtained numerical findings demonstrated that in the above case the proportion between heritable and environmental factors for male persons was 0.2 (20 %) versus 0.8 (80 %), for female persons it being 0.15 (15 %) versus 0.85 (85 %). Earlier twin studies (Bailey, J.M., Pillard, R.C. (1991). A genetic study of male sexual orientation. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry. 48(12), 1089–1096) revealed that their concordance for homosexuality in siblings (biological brothers, who are not twins) was lower than in adopted brothers (9.2 % versus 11 %), it contradicting to the idea of genetic determination of same-sex attraction. Moreover, attention is also attracted by the fact that dizygotic male twins demonstrated a significantly higher concordance for homosexuality than siblings (22 % versus 9.2 %). But it is known that dizygotic twins, like siblings, have on an average only 50 % of common genes. If there were genetic determination, such differences would not exist; the revealed difference demonstrates environmental effects, since it is evident that family upbringing of dizygotic twins is much more similar. Also it is necessary to pay attention to the fact that the rate of homosexuality in adopted homosexual brothers (11 %) considerably exceeded recent estimations of the part of homosexuals in the general population and was actually equal to the value for siblings, once again convincingly demonstrating a significant role of the environment in the formation of sexual orientation. We should not also ignore the fact that upbringing of monozygotic twins is even more similar than that of dizygotic ones; this phenomenon can cause their larger concordance for homosexuality.
This article chronicles "peripheral consciousness" and therapy developed by Japanese psychiatrist Shōma Morita, MD (1874-1938). As a contemporary of Freud, Morita challenged psychoanalysts who sanctioned an unconscious or unconsciousness (collective or otherwise) that resides inside the mind. From a human justice perspective, Morita’s formulation of consciousness releases clients from being solely responsible for their dysfunction. Morita was drawn to the earnest nature of analysts and how they strove to comprehend their patients’ anxieties and developmental histories. In fact, Morita developed his theories and methods with as much rigour as his Euro-American contemporaries, including Sigmund Freud, Wilfred Bion, Melanie Klein, Wilhelm Reich, Jean Charcot, Jacob Levy Moreno, Jacque Lacan, Carl Rogers, and Alfred Adler. In the early 1950s, especially, analyst Karen Horney progressed her grasp of Morita, Zen and psychotherapy while in Japan. Since cognitive science took hold in the 1970s, however, complex consciousness theories have lost footing in psychology and medical science. This article aims to reinstate "consciousness" as the dynamic core of Morita therapy. He advanced a phenomenal connexion between existentialism, Zen, Nature and the therapeutic role of serendipity; his views enhance Freud’s 1919 treatise on "The Uncanny". The presence or absence of a theory of consciousness sways how, what, and where we practice and conduct research, as well as case formulation and health promotion. Morita is our forerunner of Ecopsychology and pioneer in consciousness studies. Pointedly, he equalised the strength between human-to-human attachment and human-to-Nature bonds by penetrating our anthropomorphic borders.