Hasil untuk "Production capacity. Manufacturing capacity"

Hui Liu, Tinggui Zhang

Quantum battery has enormous potential for development, and quantum battery capacity is an important indicator of quantum battery. In this work, we mainly study the evolution of quantum battery capacity of GHZ state and GHZ-like states under Markovian channels in the tripartite system. We find that under the depolarizing channel and bit-phase flip channel, the battery capacity shows a brief sudden death of the capacity. And we also find that under the dephasing channel, the battery capacity gradually decreases and tends to a constant, that is, the frozen capacity. We show that the battery capacity monotonically decreases for GHZ state under the amplitude damping channel on the first subsystem. And we study the variation of capacity under the Markovian channels n times on the first subsystem using the GHZ state. We can observe that under the amplitude damping and dephasing channels, the battery capacity decreases and tends to a constant, i.e. frozen capacity, and the larger n, the earlier this phenomenon occurs. We also investigate the evolution of capacity under three independent same type Markovian channels. We have also conducted corresponding research on GHZ-like states.

Patricia Santos, Mihaela Iordachescu, Maricely De Abreu et al.

This paper addresses the mechanical characterization of dissimilar overlap joints made by autogenous laser welding between thin sheets of low-carbon steel (CS) and austenitic stainless steel (SS) with an optimized welding technology able to produce sound overlap joints. This involved applying the laser beam from the CS-side to reduce the SS overheating. The research is focused on the analysis of combined tensile-shear behavior of the weld and of the heat-affected zones. During testing, the applied tensile-shear load rotates the weld connecting the CS and SS plates. The rotation angle transmitted to the free ends of the plates, together with relevant strain fields, were measured by using a digital image correlation system, VIC-2D. Thus, it was found that the weld acts as a non-linear hinge which experiences a sudden loss of stiffness when strain concentrations develop from the weld ligament edges towards the loaded sides of the plates. The welded joint fails by yielding localization and necking in the CS plate, far from the weld. This mode of failure is a consequence of the weld and heat-affected zone strength mismatches of 1.09 and 1.33, respectively. These values are consistent with the hardness profile and the documented microstructural heterogeneities.

Caroline Chupin, Pauline Brun, Marjorie Ray et al.

Abstract Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and human metapneumovirus (HMPV) are the main etiologic agents of viral bronchiolitis and pneumonia in children and the elderly. As live-attenuated vaccines (LAV) can stimulate robust mucosal and cellular responses, we previously engineered an HMPV-based bivalent LAV Metavac®-RSV candidate and reported its capacity to protect mice against HMPV and RSV challenges after intranasal delivery. To progress towards clinical development, we identified a GMP-grade Vero cell platform as permissive and efficient to produce high yields of functional Metavac®-RSV, expressing both RSV and HMPV F antigen after several passages. Metavac®-RSV protected cotton rats against both HMPV and RSV challenges, significantly reducing viral replication in the respiratory airways and inducing high titers of neutralizing antibodies. Finally, we identified process parameters to scale-up the production process of Metavac®-RSV using Vero cells cultivated on microcarriers in a 2 L single-use stirred-tank bioreactor, with a scalable upstream production process amenable to industrial manufacturing.

Olivier Sibomana, Marie Grace Uwizeyimana

The COVID-19 pandemic exposed significant disparities in global vaccine production and distribution, with Africa being disproportionately impacted. Despite accounting for 17% of the global population, the continent received only a small fraction of the initial global vaccine supply. Currently, 99% of vaccines used in Africa are imported, with only 1% produced locally. The pandemic underscored the critical need for Africa to achieve self-sufficiency in vaccine production, highlighting the importance of developing manufacturing capacity for future pandemic preparedness and the eradication of infectious diseases. In response, Africa has set a target to locally produce 60% of its vaccine requirements by 2040, supported by initiatives such as the Partnerships for African Vaccine Manufacturing (PAVM), the African Vaccine Manufacturing Accelerator (AVMA), and the Regionalized Vaccine Manufacturing Collaborative (RVMC), along with other considerable efforts. Despite progress, challenges related to infrastructure, human resources, and financing remain. This paper aims to describe Africa’s vaccine manufacturing revolution, drawing lessons from COVID-19, exploring ongoing efforts, and addressing the challenges that must be overcome to achieve vaccine independence in the near future.

Min-Han Lin, Long-Jyun Su, Hsin-Hung Lin et al.

Nanodiamonds (NDs) are an innovative material in biomedical applications based on their excellent biocompatibility, nanoscale dimensions, and high surface area. In this study, we evaluated the potential of ND-in-oil emulsion to induce potent antibody responses in animals immunized with cobra venom. NDs demonstrated the capacity to bind complex venom proteins as stable conjugates, well dispersed in aqueous solution. Immunization of mice with cobra venom incorporated with ND-in-oil emulsion adjuvant (ND/venom) elicited strong venom-specific antibody responses with titers comparable to those induced by venom formulation with conventional Freund’s adjuvants (FA/venom). IgG subclass analysis revealed that ND- and FA-based formulations induced a Th2-biased immune response in mice. Moreover, antibodies elicited by ND/venom or FA/venom immunization specifically recognized the epitopes of the lethal component of short-chain neurotoxin and conferred full protection against lethal cobra venom challenge (3LD₅₀). Further, ND/venom hyperimmunization was capable of inducing high levels of neutralizing antibodies in larger animals, rabbits, highlighting the potential for antivenom manufacturing. Notably, there were no obvious lesions at the injection sites of animals that received ND/venom, in contrast to those that received FA/venom. These findings indicated NDs as an effective and safe additive in venom formulation for antivenom production.

Tadeu C. da Silva, Edwin Sallica-Leva, Emilio Rayón et al.

Additive manufacturing (AM) is revolutionizing the fabrication of metallic components, offering significant potential to compete with or complement traditional casting, forging, and machining processes, and enabling the production of complex functional components. Recent advancements in AM technology have facilitated the processing of shape memory alloys (SMAs) with functional properties comparable to those of conventionally processed alloys. However, the AM of NiTi SMAs remains underexplored due to the extreme complexity of the process, high melting point, and reactivity with oxygen. This study investigates the impact of AM processing on the shape memory properties of NiTi alloys using the Micro Wire and Arc Directed Energy Deposition (μ-WA-DED) technique in short circuit mode with a pioneering 0.3 mm pre-alloyed wire, focusing on increasing precision and control in the deposition process. The macroscopic morphology, microstructure, phase composition, phase-transformation temperatures, and mechanical properties of each deposited layer were analyzed. Results indicated austenite (B2) as the predominant phase, with retained martensite (B19′) and a reversible martensitic transformation (B2 ⇌ B19′) in the second layer. Mechanical characterization revealed variations in hardness (H) and elastic modulus (E) due to microstructural heterogeneity and composition. The first layer exhibited H = 3.8 GPa and E = 70 GPa, associated with the B2-NiTi phase, while higher values were obtained in the second layer, i.e., E = 100 GPa and H = 7 GPa. This study establishes for the first time the feasibility of NiTi alloy deposition with a 0.3 mm wire, setting a new standard for future research and applications in AM using μ-WA-DED.

Daniel Shipsides, Alex Ruck Keene, Wayne Martin

The law places considerable weight on the question of whether a person has, or lacks, mental capacity. But approaches differ over whether and how capacity assessments should be sensitive to risk. Should a more stringent test be applied where risk is high? The question has generated considerable debate among bioethicists and jurists. In this paper, we review the literature and consider the standard of capacity defined in the Mental Capacity Act 2005 in England/Wales (MCA). While the MCA has been extensively discussed, the question of whether it adopts a ‘sliding scale’ for assessments of capacity has not been squarely addressed. We review the knotty legal history of the statute regarding this issue, and argue that the MCA is best understood as adopting neither a risk-ability nor a risk-evidence sliding scale. We show that the MCA nonetheless accommodates risk-sensitivity in capacity assessment in at least three different ways. The first derives the MCA’s approach to decision-specificity, the second from a risk-investment sliding scale, the third from what Law Commission once described as a ‘general authority’ for carers to act. We argue that the resulting approach steers around two objections that critics have levied against sliding scales for capacity assessment.

Shen Luo, Baolin Zhang

Glycosylation plays a crucial role in determining the quality and efficacy of therapeutic antibodies. This necessitates a thorough analysis and monitoring process to ensure consistent product quality during manufacturing. In this study, we introduce a custom-designed lectin microarray featuring nine distinct lectins: rPhoSL, rOTH3, RCA120, rMan2, MAL_I, rPSL1a, PHAE, rMOA, and PHAL. These lectins have been specifically tailored to selectively bind to common N-glycan epitopes found in therapeutic IgG antibodies. By utilizing intact glycoprotein samples, our nine-lectin microarray provides a high-throughput platform for rapid glycan profiling, enabling comparative analysis of glycosylation patterns. Our results demonstrate the practical utility of this microarray in assessing glycosylation across various manufacturing batches or between biosimilar and innovator products. This capacity empowers informed decision-making in the development and production of therapeutic antibodies.

André Marques Cavalcanti, Auristela Maria da Silva, Domingos Mendes Gama Filho

A tecnologia pode abranger os conceitos de ecossistema que integra elementos materiais, como por exemplo, máquinas e equipamentos, e elementos não materiais, tais como as relações interpessoais e também pode atuar impulsionando o desenvolvimento socioeconômico e cultural favorecendo uma melhor  qualidade de vida. No ambiente da educação, as ferramentas tecnológicas possibilitam  a interação da forma  on-line e off-line. Nesse cenário, esse artigo analisa os aspectos da universalização do uso tecnologia, tais como: realidade aumentada, robótica, videoaulas, game, moodle, kahoot, podcast, amplamante utilizadas  como facilitadoras do processo ensino-aprendizagem. Para análise do estado atual, de como vem ocorrendo a inserção dessa tecnologias, realiza-se uma análise a partir da base de dados do Centro Regional de Estudos para o Desenvolvimento da Sociedade e Informação. Como resultado espera-se identificar as dificuldades e oportunidades existentes  para  aquisição e absorção do conhecimento quando da existência de tecnologias facilitadoras para esse fim.

Anders Nilsson, Fredrik Danielsson, Bo Svensson

Zichao Zhang, Melda Yuksel, Gokhan M. Guvensen et al.

This paper studies the capacity region of asynchronous multiple access channel (MAC) with faster-thanNyquist (FTN) signaling. We first express the capacity region in the frequency domain. Next, we calculate an achievable rate region in time domain and prove that it is identical to the capacity region calculated in the frequency domain. Our analysis confirms that asynchronous transmission and FTN bring in significant gains.

G. Beretta, G. Chiarot, A. E. Cinà et al.

One of the fundamental problems of information theory, since its foundation by Shannon in 1948, has been the computation of the capacity of a discrete memoryless channel, a quantity expressing the maximum rate at which information can travel through the channel. In the literature, several algorithms were proposed to approximately compute the capacity of a discrete memoryless channel, being an analytical solution unavailable for the general discrete memoryless channel. This paper presents a novel approach to compute the capacity, which is based on a continuous-time dynamical system. Such a dynamical system can indeed be regarded as a continuous-time version of the Blahut-Arimoto algorithm. In fact, the updating map appearing in the Blahut-Arimoto algorithm is here obtained as a suitable discretization of the vector flow presented, using an analogy with some game-theoretical models. Finally, this analogy suggests a high-level hardware circuit design enabling analog computation to estimate the capacity.

Holger Boche, Andrea Grigorescu, Rafael F. Schaefer et al.

Designing capacity-achieving coding schemes for the band-limited additive colored Gaussian noise (ACGN) channel has been and is still a challenge. In this paper, the capacity of the band-limited ACGN channel is studied from a fundamental algorithmic point of view by addressing the question of whether or not the capacity can be algorithmically computed. To this aim, the concept of Turing machines is used, which provides fundamental performance limits of digital computers. t is shown that there are band-limited ACGN channels having computable continuous spectral densities whose capacity are non-computable numbers. Moreover, it is demonstrated that for those channels, it is impossible to find computable sequences of asymptotically sharp upper bounds for their capacities.

Dajiang Wang, Renben Jiang, Wenlei Sun et al.

In this paper, in order to help improve the information capacity of modern factories, a full connection digital factory for industrial Internet identity resolution is built, and digital technology is used to perform the digital interconnection of the production equipment. The full connection digital factory is an advanced factory with extensive connection of production units, deep integration of IT–OT, full release of data value, and improvement of the total factor productivity. This is enabled by the full integration and use of the new generation technologies represented by 5G, edge computing, and identity resolution to reach new factory level, workshop level, and production line level production scenarios. Based on the integration of infrastructure, information technology, and platform service resources, a full connection digital factory architecture is constructed. The fusion application of 5G, edge computing, and mark resolution technology in transformer discrete manufacturing digital plant is then discussed. The challenges and development trends are summarized. Finally, it is demonstrated that the full connection digital factory of identity resolution is a possible future development direction.

Miguel Pereira

We establish computational results concerning the Lagrangian capacity from "Cieliebak and Mohnke - Punctured holomorphic curves and Lagrangian embeddings". More precisely, we show that the Lagrangian capacity of a 4-dimensional convex toric domain is equal to its diagonal. The proof involves comparisons between the Lagrangian capacity, the McDuff-Siegel capacities from "McDuff and Siegel - Symplectic capacities, unperturbed curves, and convex toric domains", and the Gutt-Hutchings capacities from "Gutt and Hutchings - Symplectic capacities from positive S1-equivariant symplectic homology". Working under the assumption that there is a suitable virtual perturbation scheme which defines the curve counts of linearized contact homology, we extend the previous result to toric domains which are convex or concave and of any dimension. For this, we use the higher symplectic capacities from "Siegel - Higher symplectic capacities". The key step is showing that moduli spaces of asymptotically cylindrical holomorphic curves in ellipsoids are transversely cut out.

Felix Doerrer, Andreas Otto, Martin Kolouch et al.

Vibrations are limiting the productivity and the process quality of cutting machine tools. For the monitoring of these vibrations, often external sensors, such as acceleration sensors, are used. These external systems require additional cost and maintenance effort. This paper presents a virtual sensor, which is capable of detecting vibrations at the tool center point, based on internal machine data. External sensors are only necessary once for model identification. This reduces the overall cost of the system significantly. The virtual sensor uses the high-quality data of the linear position encoder near the ball screw nut and calculates the vibrations at the tool tip by using transmissibility functions. This paper explains the theory behind the used transmissibility functions and describes how they are measured, by comparing different experimental approaches to identify the modal parameters of cutting machine tools. After the identification of the sensor, a dynamical test cycle is used to prove the physical correctness.

C. Devanathan, A. Suresh Babu, S. Senthil Murugan et al.

Welding is necessary in industries like light and heavy-duty manufacturing, construction, automotive, aerospace, maintenance, repair works, etc. Friction stir welding (FSW) is a recently created welding technique that is employed with a non-consumable pin in all of the above-mentioned production areas. The cross-sectional size and shapes of the pin are also showing a great impact on the properties of the joints. This review article begins with the history of welding methods and it covers the topics of welding evolution, principle, joining of similar and dissimilar materials using FSW, applications and defects, as well as the various process factors in managing the qualities of the welded joint. The necessity of FSW is inevitable as it shows a good response of the mechanical properties with solid state temperature. It is a versatile welding process that has the capacity to join numerous materials, beginning with aluminium alloys and moving on to magnesium alloys, steel, composites, polymers, and dissimilar metals combinations.

Daryus Chandra, Marcello Caleffi, Angela Sara Cacciapuoti

The unique and often-weird properties of quantum mechanics allow an information carrier to propagate through multiple trajectories of quantum channels simultaneously. This ultimately leads us to quantum trajectories with an indefinite causal order of quantum channels. It has been shown that indefinite causal order enables the violation of bottleneck capacity, which bounds the amount of the transferable classical and quantum information through a classical trajectory with a well-defined causal order of quantum channels. In this treatise, we investigate this beneficial property in the realm of both entanglement-assisted classical and quantum communications. To this aim, we derive closed-form capacity expressions of entanglement-assisted classical and quantum communication for arbitrary quantum Pauli channels over classical and quantum trajectories. We show that by exploiting the indefinite causal order of quantum channels, we obtain capacity gains over classical trajectory as well as the violation of bottleneck capacity for various practical scenarios. Furthermore, we determine the operating region where entanglement-assisted communication over quantum trajectory obtains capacity gain against classical trajectory and where the entanglement-assisted communication over quantum trajectory violates the bottleneck capacity.