Hasil untuk "Industries. Land use. Labor"

Alemenesh Hailu, Siraj Mammo, Moges Kidane

Le Thi Viet Ha, Pham Nhat Linh, Doan Duc Thanh et al.

Employee innovation capability is a vital driver of business development and competitive advantage in today's dynamic markets. This study examines the role of corporate culture—specifically corporate vision, core values, customer orientation, and leadership—in shaping employees' innovation capability within enterprises. Drawing on data collected from 890 employees across various Vietnamese companies, this research utilizes the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) approach, analyzed using Smart-PLS version 3.0 software, to test its hypotheses. The findings reveal that corporate vision, while not directly influencing innovation capability, has a significant indirect impact through customer orientation and leadership. Core values, in contrast, demonstrate both direct and indirect positive effects on innovation capability via these mediating factors. Additionally, the study highlights the moderating role of employee experience, showing that more experienced employees tend to be less responsive to visionary initiatives than their less experienced counterparts. This research contributes to the theoretical understanding of how corporate culture influences innovation by integrating Social Exchange Theory, Self-Determination Theory, and Social Learning Theory. It also provides practical implications for organizations seeking to foster innovation, emphasizing the importance of aligning vision and core values with leadership strategies and customer orientation while addressing the potential challenges posed by employee experience. By advancing insights into these dynamics, this study offers valuable contributions to the fields of organizational behavior and innovation management, with implications that extend beyond regional boundaries to global enterprises operating in complex and competitive environments.

yinuo wang, Muhammad Umair, Assilova Aizhan et al.

The persistent disparity between urban and rural incomes in China poses a critical challenge to alleviating energy poverty in rural areas. This study investigates how the income gap between urban and rural regions exacerbates rural energy poverty, focusing on the period from 2005 to 2023, utilizing data from 30 provinces. By employing a two-way fixed-effects model and asymmetry analysis, the research reveals that an increase in the urban-rural income disparity significantly intensifies rural energy poverty. Notably, at higher income quantiles, the gap's effect on energy poverty is more pronounced, while at lower quantiles, its impact is less severe. Financial development, rather than alleviating the situation, is positively associated with rural energy poverty, highlighting an unintended consequence of unequal access to financial services. The results further show that rural regions with limited financial inclusion experience a deepening of energy poverty, with financial service accessibility benefiting wealthier demographics more than the impoverished rural population. These findings imply that targeted policies promoting equitable financial access, narrowing income disparities, and integrating energy poverty reduction strategies are essential to achieving China's Rural Revitalization Strategy.

Federico Capra, Diego Abalos, Stefania Codruta Maris et al.

Abstract Digestate, a by‐product of biogas production, is widely recognized as a promising renewable nitrogen (N) source with high potential to replace synthetic fertilizers. Yet, inefficient digestate use can lead to pollutant N losses as ammonia (NH3) volatilization, nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions and nitrate (NO3−) leaching. Cover crops (CCs) may reduce some of these losses and recycle the N back into the soil after incorporation, but the effect on the N balance depends on the CC species. In a one‐year field study, we tested two application methods (i.e., surface broadcasting, BDC; and shallow injection, INJ) of the liquid fraction of separated co‐digested cattle slurry (digestate liquid fraction [DLF]), combined with different winter cover crop (CC) options (i.e., rye, white mustard or bare fallow), as starter fertilizer for maize. Later, side‐dressing with urea was required to fulfil maize N‐requirements. We tested treatment effects on yield, N‐uptake, N‐use efficiency parameters, and N‐losses in the form of N2O emissions and NO3− leaching. CC development and biomass production were strongly affected by their contrasting frost tolerance, with spring‐regrowth for rye, while mustard was winter killed. After the CCs, injection of DLF increased N2O emissions significantly compared with BDC (emission factor of 2.69% vs. 1.66%). Nitrous oxide emissions accounted for a small part (11%–13%) of the overall yield‐scaled N losses (0.46–0.97 kg N Mg grain−1). The adoption of CCs reduced fall NO3− leaching, being 51% and 64% lower for mustard and rye than under bare soil. In addition, rye reduced NO3− leaching during spring and summer after termination by promoting N immobilization, thus leading to −57% lower annual leaching losses compared with mustard. DLF application method modified N‐loss pathways, but not the cumulative yield‐scaled N losses. Overall, these insights contribute to inform an evidence‐based design of cropping systems in which nutrients are recycled more efficiently.

Walter Leal Filho, Diogo Guedes Vidal, Maria Alzira Pimenta Dinis et al.

Thomas Bredgaard

There have probably not been any greater disruptions in working life since the Second World War than those experienced during the corona pandemic. This article examines how different occupational groups experienced the changes in their work life during the different phases of thecorona pandemic. The study contributes to the growing literature on how the Nordic labor markets managed the corona pandemic and what we can learn from experiences to improve working life in the future. The data material consists of longitudinal interviews with representatives of five occupational groups in different work life situations four times during the pandemic. Across the interviews, we find that the corona pandemic reinforced three incremental trends in working life: (1) the workplace as an important social arena, (2) reflections on work life balance, and (3) the potentials of homework and online meetings.

Polina Berezina, Desheng Liu

Remote sensing provides crucial support for building damage assessment in the wake of hurricanes. This article proposes a coupled deep learning-based model for damage assessment that leverages a large very high-resolution satellite images dataset and a flexibility of building footprint source. Convolutional Neural Networks were used to generate building footprints from pre-hurricane satellite imagery and conduct a classification of incurred damage. We emphasize the advantages of multiclass classification in comparison with traditional binary classification of damage and propose resolving dataset imbalances due to unequal damage impact distribution with a focal loss function. We also investigate differences between relying on learned features using a deep learning approach for damage classification versus a commonly used shallow machine learning classifier, Support Vector Machines, that requires manual feature engineering. The proposed model leads to an 86.3% overall accuracy of damage classification for a case event of Hurricane Michael and an 11% overall accuracy improvement from the Support Vector Machines classifier, suggesting better applicability of such an open-source deep learning-based workflow in disaster management and recovery. Furthermore, the findings can be integrated into emergency response frameworks for automated damage assessment and prioritization of relief efforts.

Paweł Kobis

This paper attempts to classify the main areas of threats occurring in enterprises in the information management processes. Particular attention was paid to the effect of the human factor which is present in virtually every area of information security management. The author specifies the threats due to the IT techniques and technologies used and the models of information systems present in business entities. The empirical part of the paper presents and describes the research conducted by the author on information security in business organisations using the traditional IT model and the cloud computing model. The results obtained for both IT models are compared. (original abstract)

N. Priambodo, Sri Murlianti, M. Nanang

ABSTRACT: This study aims to identify the pattern of changes in the mode of production of people who work as farmers and fishermen in Kutai Kartanegara Regency, especially Muara Badak District after the entry of the oil and gas industry in the region, and analyze how intellectual relations are in regulating the behavior of oil and gas workers along with the social, economic and political impacts. raised. This type of qualitative research uses the Grounded Theory approach. The results of this study indicate that changes in the way people produce from agriculture, plantations, and traditional fisheries in Muara Badak District have been accompanied by a mechanism for releasing social ties to land and sea through intermediary policies that are pro to the formation of industrial commodities for market interests and result in a decline in the domestic industry due to dependence. in the oil and gas industry. This dependence also gave birth to an intellectual layer and a working class that served the interests of the plantation, aquaculture and oil and gas-based industries. The process of its journey was accompanied by the emergence of various kinds of class conflicts, which gave rise to types of organic intellectuals who tried to fight back against the exploitation that occurred. ABSTRAK: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengindentifikasikan pola perubahan mode produksi masyarakat yang berprofesi sebagai petani dan nelayan di Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara, khususnya Kecamatan Muara Badak setelah masuknya industri migas di wilayah tersebut dan menganalisis bagaimana relasi intelektual dalam pengaturan prilaku buruh migas beserta dampak sosial, ekonomi dan politik yang ditimbulkan. Jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan Grounded Theory. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa perubahan cara masyarakat berproduksi dari pertanian, perkebunan dan perikanan tradisional di Kecamatan Muara Badak ikut dibarengi dengan mekanisme pelepasan ikatan sosial dengan tanah dan laut melalui perantara kebijakan yang pro terhadap pembentukan komoditas industri untuk kepentingan pasar serta mengakibatkan kemunduran industri domestik akibat ketergantungan pada industri migas. Ketergantungan ini juga melahirkan lapisan intelektual dan kelas buruh yang mengabdi pada kepentingan industri berbasis perkebunan, pertambakan dan migas. Dalam proses perjalalanannya juga dibarengi dengan kemunculan berbagai macam konflik kelas sehingga memunculkan jenis intelektual organik yang berusaha melakukan perlawanan balik terhadap eksploitasi yang terjadi.

Michał Pietrzak

A change can be observed in contemporary academic governance – from a trust-based culture towards the audit culture based on accountability. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the problems of such accountability from the economics-of-information perspective. The approach of the article is founded on a review of the most relevant contributions in the area of information asymmetry, signalling and screening and on the analysis based on deductive reasoning. The main finding of the paper is that asymmetrical information embodied in academic work challenges the management of academic staff. Signalling and screening methods, which are popular in business and relevant for the audit culture in the case of academic environment, face important obstacles. This is due to the specificity of work of academic professionals, which is in fact a credence good. It is also predicted that the pressure towards accountability could be used for redistribution of resources in favour of privileged groups of academic staff; privileged in the sense of easiness of measurement and signalling of research achievements.

Ming Zhong, Lu Jin, Jiyu Xia et al.

Traditional seawater desalination requires high amounts of energy, with correspondingly high costs and limited benefits, hindering wider applications of the process. To further improve the comprehensive economic benefits of seawater desalination, the desalination load can be combined with renewable energy sources such as solar energy, wind energy, and ocean energy or with the power grid to ensure its effective regulation. Utilizing energy internet (EI) technology, energy balance demand of the regional power grid, and coordinated control between coastal multi-source multi-load and regional distribution network with desalination load is reviewed herein. Several key technologies, including coordinated control of coastal multi-source multi-load system with seawater desalination load, flexible interaction between seawater desalination and regional distribution network, and combined control of coastal multi-source multi-load storage system with seawater desalination load, are discussed in detail. Adoption of the flexible interaction between seawater desalination and regional distribution networks is beneficial for solving water resource problems, improving the ability to dissipate distributed renewable energy, balancing and increasing grid loads, improving the safety and economy of coastal power grids, and achieving coordinated and comprehensive application of power grids, renewable energy sources, and coastal loads. Keywords: Desalination, Distribution network, Power grids, Multi-source multi-load, Coordinated control

Marija Galic, Darija Bilandzija, Aleksandra Percin et al.

The agricultural sector is a source of greenhouse gas emissions that directly affect the global problem of climate change and contribute approximately 11% in total greenhouse gas emissions in the world and in Croatia too. Irregular and irresponsible agricultural practices, such as excessive tillage and improper fertilization often lead to soil carbon loss and increased carbon dioxide emissions to the atmosphere. This field study provides results how agricultural practices affect carbon dioxide emissions from soil, carbon sequestration and soil quality during the cultivation of winter wheat. The field experiment was conducted in a temperate continental climate on distric Stagnosol. Four investigated treatments were: organic fertilization, mineral fertilization, control treatment and black fallow. The lowest carbon dioxide emission was recorded on bare soil and the highest on organic fertilization treatment. The application of manure, mineral fertilizers and calcification rendered significant effect on some soil chemical characteristics and daily carbon dioxide flux.