Hasil untuk "Homeopathy"

Anu Jacob, George Sarin Zacharia

Fahr’s disease, an uncommon disorder characterized by bilateral intracranial brain parenchymal calcification, presents with diverse neurological manifestations. It is often an autosomal dominantly inherited disorder with incomplete penetrance. The most frequently implicated are mutations involving SLC20A2 on chromosome 8p, while others involve genes XPR1, PDGFRB, PDGFB, and IBGC1. Neuroimaging typically reveals symmetrical dense calcifications, predominantly affecting the basal ganglia but may extend to other brain regions. Diagnosis relies on classical imaging findings, exclusion of alternative etiologies, and a positive family history or genetic analysis. This case report describes a patient with dysarthria, choreoathetosis, and spasticity, with CT brain confirming dense bilateral calcification of the basal ganglia, in whom, despite extensive evaluation, no specific etiology was identified, prompting consideration of Fahr’s disease. Neuroimaging of the patient’s son confirmed similar findings, suggesting the familial nature of the disease. Unfortunately, effective therapies to prevent or halt disease progression are lacking, and treatment mainly focuses on managing symptoms.

Jannatul Naima, Mohammad Rashedul Islam, Bakul Akter et al.

Abstract Background Mimosa diplotricha is an ethnic medicinal plant that has numerous ethnopharmacological applications. Here, tested the crude methanol extract (MDME), petroleum ether (MDPE), chloroform (MDCF), and n-hexane (MDNH) fractions of M. diplotricha in vivo to determine their bioactivities, specifically CNS and oral hypoglycemic, and evaluated their antioxidant and cytotoxicity in vitro. Method Oral hypoglycemic activity was measured by an oral glucose tolerance test. Central nervous system activities were done by elevated plus maze (EPM), hole board, hole cross, and open field method. Antioxidant activity was measured by a superoxide scavenging and ferric-reducing effect assay. Cytotoxicity was determined by using a brine-shrimp lethality bioassay. Result The test samples MDME and MDME markedly reduced the blood glucose levels after 90 min of the test interval, with values of 33.58% and 39.92%, respectively. In the open-field and hole-crossed tests, all the test samples exhibited reduced locomotor activities that preceded significant sedative activity. Among them, MDNH (p < 0.001) showed a marked sedative effect. During the EPM test, mice treated with MDME and its fractions preferred to remain in the open arm, indicating antianxiety-like behavior, whereas in the hole board model, MDME extract showed a reduction in head dipping compared to standard diazepam. In the antioxidant assay, the MDME extract demonstrated a significantly lower IC50 value in the superoxide scavenging and ferric reducing assays, respectively. In the cytotoxicity assay, we observed the lowest LC50 values for each extract when compared to the standard vincristine sulfate. Conclusion The current study indicates that the plant extracts have potential antioxidant, cytotoxic, hypoglycemic, sedative, and anxiolytic activities. Graphical abstract

Shafiul Azam Zishan, Md. Maien Uddin, Mahatir Mohammad et al.

Abstract Background The present study investigated the potential wound healing activity comparisons between ethanol leaf & seed extracts of Costus speciosus topical formulation using mice Excision wound models, compared to Neomycin sulphate ointment as a standard drug. To assess the efficacy of Costus speciosus ointment as a potential alternative to commercially available ointments, a study was conducted using a cohort of 16 healthy male mice, aged between 3 and 4 months. The ointment formulation was prepared utilizing ethanol extracts from both the leaves and seeds, presented in a dosage form for application. This investigation seeks to provide insights into the comparative effectiveness of Costus speciosus ointments in relation to conventional market preparations, with a focus on its potential applicability as an alternative therapeutic option. The parameter measured was wound contraction and epithelization period. Result The mice groups treated with seed & leave extracts ointment showed better wound size changes than the negative and standard groups. However, the leaf extract ointment promotes the formation of granulation in tissue, allowing the reepithelization phase to occur more rapidly than seed extract. From the 1st day to the results of the 9th day of the extract indicate that there is a significant increase (P < 0.05) in the percentage of wound contraction in the group. After 21 days the wound was healed fully. These results suggest that ointment of ethanol leaf extract of Costus speciosus could be an answer to facilitate wound healing compared to seed extract, to approve the traditional claims of the plant in wound healing activity. Conclusion The study concludes that ethanol leaf and seed extracts of Costus speciosus exhibit potential wound healing activity in mice excision wound models. The topical formulation of these extracts significantly enhances wound closure, reduces wound size, and increases tensile strength compared to the control group. The efficacy of the extracts is comparable to the standard drug, Neomycin sulphate ointment. Therefore, the use of Costus speciosus extracts in topical formulations can be considered a promising alternative for the treatment of wounds. However, further studies are needed to determine the safety and efficacy of these extracts in humans.

Marcel Wilhelm, Christiane Hermann, Winfried Rief et al.

The usual homeopathic remedy, “globules,” does not contain any pharmacologically active ingredient. However, many patients and practitioners report beneficial effects of homeopathic treatment on various health outcomes. Experimental and clinical research of the last two decades analyzing the underlying mechanisms of the placebo effect could explain this phenomenon, with patients’ treatment expectations as the predominant mechanism. Treatment expectations can be optimized through various factors, such as prior information, communication, and treatment context. This narrative review analyses how homeopathy successfully utilizes these factors. Subsequently, it is discussed what evidence-based medicine could learn from homeopathic practice to optimize treatment expectations (e.g., using an empathic, patient-centered communication style, deliberately selecting objects in practice rooms, or using clear treatment rituals and salient contextual stimuli) and thereby treatment effectiveness. Homeopathic remedy does not work beyond the placebo effect but is recommended or prescribed as an active treatment by those who believe in it. Thus, practitioners need to understand the manner in which homeopathy (as an example of inert treatment) works and are advised to reintegrate its underlying effective placebo mechanisms into evidence-based medicine. This promises to increase treatment efficacy, tolerability, satisfaction, and compliance with evidence-based treatments, and addresses the desires patients are trying to satisfy in homeopathy in an ethical, fully informed way that is grounded in evidence-based medicine.

Atul Mohan Kochhar, Ebinesh Antony

Ensuring patient safety, treatment effectiveness, and overall excellence in Ayush healthcare all depend heavily on providing high-quality healthcare. Quality interventions, driven by evidence-based practices and robust systems, play a pivotal role in enhancing the best standard of care. Accreditation serves as a benchmark for the standards of patient safety in Ayush, contributing to the credibility and reliability of these ancient healing methods. National Accreditation Board for Hospitals and Health-care Providers (NABH) has the mandate and remains committed to ensure and promote health and well-being for all at all ages (Sustainable Development Goal-3-Target 2030), creating and building a culture and an ecosystem of quality in the health-care industry taking Quality, Safety, and Wellness to the last in the line. NABH has independent standards for Ayurveda, Yoga and Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha, and Homoeopathy. NABH developed and released the first edition of six accreditation standards extensively for Ayurveda facilities, Panchakarma clinics, Yoga and naturopathy Centers, Unani Hospitals, Siddha Hospitals, and Homeopathy Hospitals in the year 2009. NABH accreditation and certification of Ayush facilities not only ensures adherence to modern healthcare standards but also facilitates the integration of Ayush with mainstream healthcare, contributing to a more comprehensive and patient-centric approach to wellness. As NABH extends its embrace to the diverse realm of Ayush, it sets the stage for a health-care future that cherishes the best of both worlds.

Alex Hankey, Anup Kale

Background: India's AYUSH systems of medicine, Ayurveda, Yoga and Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha and Sowa-Rigpa, and Homeopathy, use natural self-healing abilities of body and mind. Their ways to treat non-communicable diseases reduce use of modern drugs with their side-effects. Scientific acceptance requires them to be explained from a modern biological perspective. This paper indicates how to achieve such an integrative approach, using aspects of biology not yet taught in medical schools. Methods: A new, ‘Sandwich Model’ of biology is introduced that includes holistic epigenetic regulation; also, complexity biology's concept of self-organized criticality; a systems treatment of organism function from Ayurveda; and Ayurveda's six stages of etiology, Shadkriyakala. Results: Molecular biology is upgraded by the sandwich model's layer of epigenetics, leading to a new, scientific definition of health as optimized regulation. Fractal Physiology then expands this to explain self-healing, used in all AYUSH systems. Ayurveda contributes in two ways: its systems approach yields a holistic understanding of organism functioning, while Shadkriyakala improves our understanding of pathophysiology. Discussion: These additions create an integrative biology; modern biology expands to include AYUSH systems' concepts. It provides a scientific basis for India's plan for integrative medical education, with AYUSH systems treated as equal to modern medicine.

T Preeth Pany, Nithin Theckumparampil, Aravintho Natarajan

Introduction: COVID-19 is a major public health burden in the world, and chest computed tomography (CT) is the ideal imaging modality to diagnose and monitor disease progression. Objectives: The objective was to review the common and uncommon chest CT findings of patients with COVID-19 and to correlate the CT findings with short-term prognosis. Methods: All patients who had laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 infection and underwent CT scan were reviewed. The imaging features and the distribution of abnormality were evaluated. A CT severity score (CT-SS) system out of 40 was used. Mann–Whitney U-test and Chi-square or Fisher's exact test were used for analysis. Two-sided P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to calculate the CT-SS cutoff for hospital admission and intensive care unit (ICU) admission. Results: A total of 149 individuals were eligible. The most common imaging features were ground-glass opacities (GGO) (88%), septal thickening (70%), and reticulations (50%). The least common imaging features were pneumothorax (1%) and vascular enlargement (1%). The most common distributions of GGO were bilateral (92%) and multifocal (95%), with peripheral (100%) and lower lobe predominance (77%). A higher CT-SS had a significant association with longer hospital stay and ICU admission, with CT-SS of 18 and 10 being optimal cutoff, respectively. Conclusion: Our study is one of the few studies to correlate the imaging finding with clinical outcomes in the south Indian population. The common findings in our study were consistent with the literature. CT-SS plays an important role in predicting prognosis.

Muhammad Abdur Rehman Shah, Rahmat Ali Khan, Mushtaq Ahmed

Abstract Background Owing to the side effects of synthetic medicine and less effectiveness against different syndromes, the researchers have focused on phytotherapy to overcome these problems. The purpose of this project was to study the in vitro phytochemical, cytotoxic, total phenolic, antioxidant and antidiabetic activities of the methanol extract of the rhizome of Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers and its n-hexane, chloroform and aqueous fractions. Thereafter, to conduct in vivo evaluation of the effective extract for its antidiabetic and antioxidant characteristics. Methods Cytotoxic, total phenolic content and antidiabetic properties were ascertained by brine shrimps lethality, Folin- Ciocalteu reagent and alpha-amylase inhibition assays respectively while antioxidant activities were investigated through DPPH, ABTS and H2O2 assays. The methanolic extract was assessed in vivo for its antidiabetic and antioxidant activities by using Wistar albino rats. Results The phytochemical investigation of the methanolic extract and its unlike fractions revealed the availability of alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, terpenes, steroids, carbohydrate and proteins while lack of saponins and gums in methanolic extract. Steroids and carbohydrates were only present in aqueous and chloroform fraction respectively while both fractions contained proteins and alkaloids. Cardiac glycosides and flavonoids were absent in aqueous and chloroform fractions respectively. The highest brine shrimps lethality (70.5 ± 1.2), total phenolic content (28.30 ± 1.3 mg GAE/g), free radicals scavenging potential i.e. DPPH (40.02%), ABTS (40.48%) and H2O2 (50.85%) and alpha amylase inhibition (61.87%) was shown by the methanolic extract. The in vivo results did not disclose any sign of acute toxicity. The diabetic control showed a noteworthy (P < 0.05) decline in weight, HDL and glutathione and a raised level of bilirubin, blood glucose, urea, creatinine, triglyceride, LDL, VLDL, ALT, ALP, AST, SOD, catalase. The mentioned alterations were restored considerably (P < 0.05) by treatment of diabetic rats with methanolic extract of Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers (150 and 300 mg/kg b.w.). Conclusion It is concluded that the extract of rhizomes of Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers is an effective fount of antioxidant and anti-diabetic compounds. Further analysis is needed to sharpen its pharmacological activities.

Medha Kaushik, Akarshi Jain, Puneet Agarwal et al.

During recent decades, stress-related neuropsychiatric disorders such as anxiety, depression, chronic tension headache, and migraine have established their stronghold in the lives of a vast number of people worldwide. In order to address this global phenomenon, intensive studies have been carried out leading to the advancement of drugs like anti-depressants, anxiolytics, and analgesics which although help in combating the symptoms of such disorders but also create long-term side effects. Thus, as an alternative to such clinical practices, various complementary therapies such as yoga and meditation have been proved to be effective in alleviating the causes and symptoms of different neuropsychiatric disorders. The role of altered brain waves in this context has been recognized and needs to be pursued at the highest level. Thus, the current study provides a review focused on describing the effects of yoga and meditation on anxiety and depression as well as exploring brain waves as a tool for assessing the potential of these complementary therapies for such disorders.

Ebbi Donald Robinson, Chidinma Wekhe

Laryngocele is a rare anomalous air-filled dilatation of the saccule of the larynx with unclear etiology. The patient in our case presented with a complaint of a painless anterior neck swelling which moved and increased in size on coughing, swallowing, and straining. Physical examination revealed a compressible swelling measuring approximately 2 cm in the widest diameter in the anterior aspect of the neck with normal overlying skin. It was nontender, soft, cystic, fluctuant, and mobile. The advent of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has made its diagnosis easier than the use of laryngoscope. The finding revealed multiple, nonenhancing, oval-shaped but lobulated masses in both infrahyoid visceral spaces involving the paraglottic space with an extralaryngeal component. They hypo to isointense on T1-weighted and hyperintense on T2-weighted and short tau inversion recovery images and measured 3.71 cm × 3.06 cm in the right and 1.27 cm × 1.04 cm in the left (right bigger than left). Hence, a diagnosis of bilateral laryngocele was made. In the index report, MRI being a noninvasive imaging modality using radiofrequency with brilliant soft-tissue contrast and spatial resolution was used to diagnose the lesion. The paucity of literature and information with regard to bilateral laryngocele in our environment and the role of MRI have informed this report.

Nurpen Meitei Thangjam, Jasmina Taijong, Awadhesh Kumar

Abstract Background Artemisia vulgaris commonly known as “mugwort” is a very important medicinal plant which is used widely for the treatment of various ailments traditionally. The present studies aimed to conduct preliminary phytochemical screening and evaluate antioxidants and analgesic activities of leaves extract. Results Phytochemical screening showed the presence of saponins, glycosides, flavanoids, protein, triterpenoids in leaves extract. In DPPH, percentage inhibition of the scavenging activity (68.06%) by the extract in comparison with ascorbic acid (93.53%) at 60 μg/ml while in reducing power assay, the result shown the reducing power increases with the increase of concentration as (0.13 ± 0.02), (0.27 ± 0.03), (0.42 ± 0.03), (0.62 ± 0.05), (0.79 ± 0.02), (0.95 ± 0.05) at concentration of 5, 10, 15, 30, 60 and 100 μg/ml respectively. The evaluation of analgesic activities revealed that at the dose of 200 and 400 mg/kg of the extract showed significantly inhibited the writhing response induced by acetic acid by 8.60% and 32.03% comparatively with indomethacin at a dose of 10 mg/kg b. wt. exhibited 56.87% inhibition. Whereas, in the tail immersion methods, at the dose of 400 mg/kg b. wt. was showed higher deflexion value as 3.40 ± 0.300, while 200 mg/kg b. wt. was resulted at 2.90 ± 0.200 value in dose dependent manner at the maximum time of the studies (60 min). Comparatively, the reference drug indomethacin at dose 10 mg/kg b. wt. has shown the highest deflexion value (5.134 ± 0.351). Conclusion This finding concludes that the methanolic leaves extract has a potent antioxidants and analgesic activities and it could be attributed to the presence of flavonoids, triterpenoids, saponin, glycosides and proteins. A further study is required to find out the novel bioactive compound of Artemisia vulgaris L. which can lead more effective in various biological activities.

Mekonnen Sisay MSc, Negussie Bussa PhD, Tigist Gashaw MSc

Verbena officinalis L. has a folkloric repute for the management of digestive disorders, including diarrhea. However, the safety and efficacy of the plant material has not been scientifically validated yet. This study was, therefore, aimed to evaluate the overall antidiarrheal activity of the 80% methanol extracts of V officinalis in mice. The antidiarrheal activity of the 80% methanol extracts of the roots (R-80ME) and the leaves (L-80ME) of V officinalis was tested in castor oil–induced diarrhea in mice. R-80ME was further evaluated using charcoal meal and entero-pooling. In each test, group I and group II (controls) received 10 mL/kg distilled water and standard drug (5 mg/kg loperamide), respectively, whereas groups III, IV, and V (test groups) received 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg of the 80ME, respectively. The R-80ME at 200 mg/kg ( P < .01) and 400 mg/kg ( P < .001) significantly delayed the onset of diarrhea compared with negative control. Both R-80ME and L-80ME at 200 and 400 mg/kg significantly decreased the frequency of wet fecal outputs ( P < .01). Generally, 70.24% inhibition of the number of wet fecal output was recorded at R-80ME 400 mg/kg. Results from the charcoal meal test revealed that the R-80ME at 200 ( P < .01) and 400 mg/kg ( P < .001) produced a significant antimotility effect. In entero-pooling test, the R-80ME, at 200 and 400 mg/kg doses ( P < .01), showed a significant decline in both the volume and weight of intestinal contents. The maximum in vivo antidiarrheal index was determined to be 95.25 at dose of 400 mg/kg R-80ME. This study demonstrated that the 80ME, mainly the root extract, produced promising antidiarrheal activity and hence provides a scientific support for acclaimed traditional use of the plant material for treatment of diarrheal diseases.

Seema Mahesh, Viraj Shah, Mahesh Mallappa et al.

Abstract This case series demonstrates that classical homeopathy may have a solution to psoriasis and its complications which goes beyond skin clearance and achieves general well‐being. The variety in clinical phenotypes and their response to treatment may be explained on the basis of the theory of “Levels of Health."

Stephen R. Shamblen PhD, Katharine Atwood ScD, William Scarbrough PhD et al.

The purpose of the present study was to identify the factors that are the strongest predictors of intentions and use of integrative medicine approaches in clinical practice. Ajzen’s theory of planned behavior was used to guide our examination of these questions. Health care professionals exposed to a Veterans Health Administration program (N = 288) who completed survey instruments prior to and immediately after the program and 3 months later were the participants for this study. Findings suggest that the theory of planned behavior performs reasonably well in explaining our data showing the integration of integrative medicine approaches into clinical practice. We found that self-efficacy to use integrative health approaches and perceived preparedness to discuss nonpharmaceutical approaches with patients were the strongest predictors of intentions to use integrative health approaches and self-reported change in clinical practice. The implications of these findings are discussed.

Sanjeev Rastogi MD

Introduction. Neurogenic bladder is a common urological condition among elderly. It results in incontinence or retention of the urine depending on the synergy of bladder smooth muscles and urethral sphincter. There can also be a condition where retention causes overflow incontinence. Retention of urine in this condition is caused by relative lack of contractility of bladder smooth muscles in response to the stretch reflex. As a result, there is no urge and therefore the bladder remains over-distended causing retention of urine. Currently, there are no absolute ways to deal with such a situation except that the patients are advised for self-help techniques of regularly evacuating the bladder. Pharmacotherapy for such condition is not promising. As the patients of neurogenic bladder are often healthy otherwise (with manageable conditions such as diabetes), a bladder dysfunction is considered as a disability that they do not want to share. In this state, any approach that offers a regeneration of bladder reflex and restoration of its functions is more than one can expect for. Methods. An elderly male suffering with chronic urinary retention recommended for indwelling catheterization after the failure of voiding trial following the possible conventional pharmacotherapy was treated with Ayurvedic therapy. Results. There was a complete symptom reversal after about 45 days of Ayurvedic therapy. The changes were stable after 3-month follow-up of the patient. Conclusion. This case report presents the complete symptom reversal in a case of chronic urine retention as an outcome of Ayurvedic therapy. Seeing the importance of this clinical condition and unavailability of sufficient means in conventional medicine, it requires a serious note and enquiry into its applicability in similar cases.

Kimberly Perkins PharmD, William Sahy PharmD, Robert D. Beckett PharmD, BCPS

The objective of this review is to identify, summarize, and evaluate clinical trials to determine the efficacy of curcuma in the treatment of osteoarthritis. A literature search for interventional studies assessing efficacy of curcuma was performed, resulting in 8 clinical trials. Studies have investigated the effect of curcuma on pain, stiffness, and functionality in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Curcuma-containing products consistently demonstrated statistically significant improvement in osteoarthritis-related endpoints compared with placebo, with one exception. When compared with active control, curcuma-containing products were similar to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and potentially to glucosamine. While statistical significant differences in outcomes were reported in a majority of studies, the small magnitude of effect and presence of major study limitations hinder application of these results. Further rigorous studies are needed prior to recommending curcuma as an effective alternative therapy for knee osteoarthritis.

E. Rossi, M. Picchi, Mariella Di Stefano et al.

E. Bigagli, C. Luceri, Simonetta Bernardini et al.

Amrith Pakkala, Chitradurga Palaiah Ganashree, Thippeswamy Raghavendra

K. Chand, R. Manchanda, Renu Mittal et al.