Hasil untuk "Biography"

Paweł Golda, Joanna Ryszka, Ami Toren

Helena Hellerówna, a Polish interwar literary translator, was born in Cracow on February 27th, 1899, and died as a U.S. citizen in New York on June 25th, 1978, under the name Helen Antonia Atlas. She translated, among others, awarded works (e.g. Fiancée d'Avril by Guy Chantepleure or Le repos de Bacchus by Pierre Boileau) and recognized authors (e.g. André Maurois, François Mauriac, or Maria Peteani) frequently signing as Hel Hel or H.H. Her career was interrupted by WWII, during which Hellerówna became a victim of the Holocaust. Her contribution to the Polish translation community has been largely forgotten, to the point where even the Polish National Library has no accurate information about her. This paper presents a preliminary study on Helena Hellerówna as a translator, with the aim of reconstructing her biography and compiling a complete list of her translations, to facilitate further research on her works within the framework of Translator Studies (Chesterman 2009). The objective of this approach is to bring the translator out of the “shadow” of the author, as mentioned by Venuti (2008). In the case of translators about whom little is known – such as Hellerówna – conducting in-depth research in Translation Studies is challenging without first establishing a comprehensive biographical account, and this study seeks to provide it.

Роман Николаевич [Roman Nikolaevich] Кривко [Krivko], Полина Александровна [Polina Aleksandrovna] Морозова [Morozova], Вивьен [Vivienne] Шмид [Schmid]

Semenovych’s biography reveals the particular significance of Slavic studies in the political and cultural life of Central and Eastern Europe in the late nineteenth century. This discipline, while serving as an instrument of both internal and external policy for European powers, developed also as a form of national and confessional identities of the Slavic peoples. This is especially true for the Ukrainian nation, which was divided between two empires and two Christian confessions of the same Byzantine rite (Greek Catholic and Orthodox), and was in close contact with neighbouring national and religious traditions – Polish (Catholic) and Russian (Orthodox). This contact involved both exchange and confrontation, which is reflected in Semenovych’s biography and correspondence.

Alina PELEA

A pandemic can prevent a conference from taking place, but not researchers from pursuing their passionate work. Case in point: the remarkable Towards an Atlas of the History of Interpreting: Voices from around the world edited by Lucía Ruiz Rosendo (University of Geneva) and Jesús Baigorri-Jalón (University of Salamanca), prestigious scholars in the fields of interpreting in conflict zones and interpreting history. The publication was initially envisaged as a volume of proceedings from the symposium Research on the history of interpreting: Voices from around the world, scheduled for October 2020 in Geneva, a natural continuation of other symposiums, organized in 2014 at the University of Rikkyo and in 2017 at Hong Kong Baptist University, respectively. But history changed plans. Fortunately, the outcome is no less enjoyable or less useful to the readers. The present book is an atlas, yet, like anything depending on a changing reality and, even more, on changing perspectives, it is also work in progress, as suggested by the use of “towards” in the title. It is an atlas in the sense that it represents certain spaces at specific moments, but spaces, times and the ways we perceive them transform, so this work is also a possible starting point for new research that will complete it, or even adapt it to new contexts. Author Biography Alina PELEA Department of Applied Modern Languages, Faculty of Letters, Babeș-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. alina.pelea@ubbcluj.ro. Department of Applied Modern Languages, Faculty of Letters, Babeș-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. Email: alina.pelea@ubbcluj.ro.

Luigi TASSONI

Nel suo articolato studio sulle Riscritture cavalleresche nel romanzo contemporaneo, Monica Fekete apre in maniera originale e puntualmente documentata una serie di tracciati lungo una serie di elementi portanti per la narrativa a noi contemporanea, considerando quegli aspetti di contaminazione e rielaborazione inventiva provenienti dalla letteratura medievale e umanistica europea. E per converso, e con un necessario ribaltamento delle cronologie, propone in contesto medievistico e umanistico una sorta di arricchimento da prospettiva diversa, ovvero quella a noi contemporanea, operazione che troppo spesso viene disertata dagli specialisti di quest’ultima storiografia critica, con grave danno per la complessità delle ricezioni possibili. Complessità che non sfugge ai nostri scrittori, da Calvino a Camilleri, così come non sfuggiva nella pratica intertestuale disinvolta tra Boccaccio e Ariosto. Tale ampia e coinvolgente chiave di lettura, emersa chiaramente dalle analisi testuali e dagli accurati commenti di Fekete, sottintende e ripropone la considerazione di quel fondo di veri e propri ipotesti, riferiti secondo un’ampia e fruttuosa funzionalità, che nella nostra epoca riguarda, fra fedeltà e improprietas, anche altri linguaggi narrativi, e in specie il film nei suoi vari generi e modalità, come ha ben dimostrato in un suo recente volume Gian Mario Anselmi, a cui dobbiamo peraltro autentiche illuminazioni nello studio della letteratura umanistica e rinascimentale. Qui è, appunto, di letteratura che stiamo parlando, e considerando che i tempi in questioni sono quelli interni alla storia, riguardanti l’ambientazione, così come sono esterni a essa, per ciò che appartiene al “falso” storico messo in atto dagli scrittori di ogni epoca che si calano in un tempo diverso dal proprio, e travestono i propri personaggi di un’impossibile attendibilità, in quanto a sicura riconoscibilità del Medioevo di cui si parla, fornendoci un filtro narrativo che ha un valore ben maggiore e soprattutto ha un legame profondo con la nostra mente moderna, eccezionalmente guardata da altra prospettiva (ma non era lo stesso per l’Ariosto e per Manzoni?). Author Biography Luigi TASSONI Università di Pécs, Ungheria. luigitassoni57@gmail.com. Università di Pécs, Ungheria. Email: luigitassoni57@gmail.com.

Dániel Horváth-May

János Fügedi is an internationally recognized user, developer, and educator of Laban kinetography. His latest independent work is the book mentioned in the title, published in English, which I will introduce to the reader in this review. After a brief overview of the author’s biography, I will discuss the book’s background and outline its structure. In my review, I will draw attention to the innovations in relation to the domestic dance notation practice and present the book’s substantial annotated appendices. Finally, I will conclude by specifying the exact audience to whom I would recommend this book.

Sanaa Shindi Awwan

The Islamic history is full of characters that have features greatly different from others, especially, the figures of first and second Hijri centuries that are nearer to the Islamic age. One of those is Atta' bin Abi Rabah; he was a diligent Imam, as well as he was an adorer, mystic, and jurist that made great scientific efforts from childhood till he increased knowledge. In addition, his intention is characterized with sincerity towards Allah in his asking, consequently. Allah gave him virtue regarding his religion and life, and made the imamate something obligatory for him at his time. Though he was a gladiator and had a black colored face, and he even didn't have money nor cultural position, Allah gave him a distinctive feature by raising his value for he is mystic, sincere and pure. Moreover, many jurists at his time had refered to his characteristics, traced and went after his strategy in being diligent when searching science , work, and virtues, and they always remembered him with good memories .

Putli Noor Asikin Datu Gulam

Sheikh Lokeman Hazli Azali, a Sheikh in Malaysia, is a great religious thinker of the present era. His thoughts should be examined in the middle of a society to offset the social stress which exists on account of COVID-19, although previously the teachings of Islam are seen and understood by the local community as deviant teachings. Of course, such views are not acceptable only to the truth of teachings they convey. His students come from a variety of backgrounds, including educators, government officials, and speakers. The study uses qualitative research approaches, namely the Historical approach and the Islamic theory approach.  The ultimate aim is to study and examine the biography of Sheikh Lokeman Hazli Azali and his thoughts on Sufism in the Contemporary Era. With the objective to analyse and identify the history and life of Sheikh Lokeman Hazli Azali and to express the role of his thinking on the directions of Sufism as a way to combat the stress of Covid-19. The findings of this research shows that Sheikh Lokeman Hazli Azali is a famous scholar who has fought with his missionary activities inviting the Muslim community in Malaysia to practice the teachings of Islam in accordance with the law of the Prophet Muhammad (SAW).  Keywords: Sheikh Lokeman Hazli Azali, Sufism, Tasawwuf, COVID-19 pandemic, Islam- a way of life

Otto Jesus Hernández Fustes, Cláudia Suemi Kamoi Kay, Paulo José Lorenzoni et al.

ABSTRACT In 1951, the physiologist George Duncan Dawson presented his work with the averaging of the signal in the evoked potentials (EPs), opening a new stage in the development of clinical neurophysiology. The authors present aspects of Professor Dawson’s biography and a review of his work on the EPs and, mainly, the article reveals the new technique in detail that would allow the growth of the clinical application of the visual, auditory, and somatosensory EPs.

Mikel Urquijo, Joseba Agirreazkuenaga

The aim of this paper is to take part in the debate about the future of national biographies today. In this sense, we analyse national biographical dictionaries as instruments for the creation of national memory and as a foundation in the processes of building nation-states. We analyse the origin and development of national biographical dictionaries in the context of the evolution of biography. We initially observe the elements that condition dictionaries: the geographical and chronological framework in which they are developed, the criteria for selecting the personages whose biographies are to be written and for selecting biographers, the structure and sources of the biographies. At present, this model of dictionaries and national memory is being put into question by the emergence of new nationalisms and by the superseding of nations in new supranational bodies like the European Union. Finally, based on the above, we set out a proposal for renovating these works in the XXI century.

O. Yu. Osmukhina, A. B. Tanaseichuk

The article is devoted to comprehending the creative cooperation of the outstanding Victorians Ch. Dickens and W. Collins, who were co-authors for a decade and a half, as well as to the study of the peculiarities of the novel “No Exit”, which was not republished in Russia from the end of the 19th century until 2021 and was virtually unknown to the Russian-speaking reader. The relevance of the article is due to the need to build a coherent and consistent history of the development of English literature of the Victorian epoch in the domestic literary consciousness, an important part of which is the legacy of its masters, as well as the elimination of gaps in the creative biography of the largest figures of Victorianism. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that for the first time in Russian English studies a gap in the reception of the creative tandem of Ch. Dickens and W. Collins has been filled: the key studies of their heritage have been comprehended; the history of their creative union has been studied; the novel “No Exit” in the context of the creative biography of Ch. Dickens and W. Collins was analyzed; the features of the generic (interweaving of epic and dramatic elements) and genre synthesis (combination of gothic, detective, adventure beginning) of the novel are revealed. The authors of the article used comparative historical, biographical, sociocultural methods, as well as the method of holistic analysis of a work of art.

D. N. Zhatkin, A. A. Ryabova

The early Russian reception of the Scottish writer James Hogg (1770—1835), known in his homeland as an interpreter of folk ballads and the author of “The Confession of a Justified Sinner” (1824) — a complex work, which laid the foundation for the theme of multiple personality disorder in English literature is comprehended in the article for the first time. It has been suggested that the first Russian to hear about Hogg and his works was A. I. Turgenev, who visited W. Scott in Abbotsford in August 1828. The materials of the Russian periodicals of the 1830s (“Library for reading”, “Northern Bee”, “Telescope”, “Moscow Observer”), which reported facts about the life and work of Hogg, were comprehended. It is noted that the authors of a number of articles (most of them published without a signature and under kryptonyms) were significant critics and publicists of the era — O. I. Senkovsky, N. A. Polevoy, N. I. Nadezhdin. It was established that in the 1830s, fragments from Hogg’s memoir about the life of W. Scott in Abbotsford “The Domestic Manners and Private Life of Sir Walter Scott” (1834), as well as a fragment from the book “Noctes Ambrosianae” (1802—1835), attributed to Hogg, but in reality a collective work of J. Wilson, J. G. Lockhart, Hogg and W. Maginn were translated into Russian. The analysis of publications about Hogg in periodicals and in the fourteenth volume of the Encyclopedic Lexicon (1838) revealed inaccuracies in the presentation of biographical facts, the tendency of Russian publicists to uncritically perceive the subjective assessments of the Hogg-memoirist, largely due to his desire to emphasize his own literary significance. It is noted that, introducing Hogg as a follower of Burns and a friend of Scott, the authors of articles in Russian periodicals did not pay due attention to Hogg’s creative individuality, the originality of his creative heritage, as a result of which the late period of his literary biography (late 1810s — mid-1830s), associated with the creation of “The Confession of a Justified Sinner” and a number of other significant works, remained unnoticed against the background of early works associated with reliance on folk songs.

Rachel Robertson

This essay explores the role of everyday objects in life writing, using the example of a collection of buttons. Writing as bricoleur, and influenced by thing theory, I follow a digressive path and wonder how key aspects of life writing, such as memory, the body, and identity, are influenced when one writes from and with objects.

mostafa siasar, Asghar Fahimifar, seyyed saeed zahed zahedani et al.

After many years of absence of Shiite topics in Iranian painting, Mahmoud Farshchian experienced them in his works. Farshchian, as one of the most famous painters of contemporary period, built a new experience in creating painting with Shiite topics which was welcomed by the public and affected some of the Iranian painters. As “topic” is one of the important aspects of Iranian painting (Negargari), we considered topic, themes and the visual techniques of the artist as the main issues of this article. The aim of this study is to understand and explain the innovations of the artist in representation of Shiite topics and to provide the contemporary painters and researchers with a self-awareness regarding this aspect of Farshchian’s painting. To address the problem, we need to pose such questions as: what are the topics and themes used by Farshchian? why has he used such themes and how has he represented them or through what techniques he created his works? To answer these questions using an explanatory-analytic method for analysis, many data was gathered through studying and interviewing some painters and professors. The written sources, books and articles include data on biography, education, aspects of his style and his innovations in contemporary Iranian painting. Farshchian who was born in a religious family and trained under a Shiite system of ceremonies such as pilgrimage, mourning and resorting, has deeply affected and founded a Shiite aesthetics of his own. Like his family, especially his mother, he has gained his most effective educational experience in Mirza Emami workshop. Trained by Mirza, Farshchian gradually achieved a vision toward art; a vision which identifies art in relation to theosophy.  These two factors have deeply led him to represent Shiite topics with especial characteristics of his own. Moreover, his other masters like Issa Bahadori, and his trips to European countries to study the masterpieces of art in museums have also been influential.     Our study and analysis based on data extracted from sources, clarified that the approach he chose and his inclination towards Shiite topics are related to theosophical understanding of art and social condition in which he created his works. Shiite paintings in past schools of Iranian painting like the Ilkhanid, the Timurid and the Safavid schools, were made to identify and defend the Shiite beliefs which were gradually being welcomed by rulers and the public. After many years of absence concluding the Qajar period and the first Pahlavid era in contemporary time, Farshchian has connected Shiite topics to painting. In this connection, the artist has created a new visual identity for Shiite beliefs and topics in harmony to people and the needs of contemporary world to meaning and spirituality. So he has represented Shiite topics with a cultural approach to manifest Shiite collective feelings and meanings concentrated on Imams, because Shiite art cannot be imagined without Imams. On the other hand, based on a theosophical approach, the painter has focused on an empathetic and conceptual representation of Shiite topics about Imams and their status rather than a physical and narrative one. In this approach, Farshchian has put his stress on meaning and feelings. According to this approach, the artist has formed his Shiite themes in two sorts: firstly, themes regarding meanings related to Imams such as birth, martyrdom, asylum, pleading, guardianship, helplessness, orphanage and final coming of Mahdi, and secondly, themes referring to placement of Imam in this world and the world after death, like mediation, substitution, holiness, etc. These topics and themes have been managed through special visual techniques. So, in the realm of form making and visual techniques, Farshchian has used three kinds of composition in harmony with the themes: concentrative, triangular and vertical. These compositions have enabled him to choose and combine visual elements in a significant form. In addition to composition, the artist has applied visual techniques to form the themes of his own. He has reduced decorative elements to let the viewers seek the meaning, he has also used curved and nonfigurative lines to protect the figures and things from materiality. He has handled the colors in a significant way and emptied the space to reduce the physicality of the space as well as emphasizing on meaning and emotions. The way artist has used colors such as white and green is highly in accordance with Shiite beliefs and ceremonies. Such process of creation, helps the Shiite community to unify around Imam which is the core concept of Shiite identity. This function of Shiite works of Farshchian is achieved through the way his works are used and displayed. The museum in which the works are kept is in holly shrine of Imam Reza. Some of his works are used widely in illustration for religious activities.

Amirah Ali Abdullah Al-Zahrani

This critical approach aspires to address the artistic image in the novel The Critical Case of Mr. K by the Saudi author Aziz Mohammed. The significance of this study lies in its answers to the following questions: how did the protagonist’s critical case play a role in creating a special artistic image? How did the writer’s talent showcased while using the artistic image in portraying the disturbing reality of the protagonist? Where do the origins of artistic images lie within the text?, and what are the most pressing rhetoric styles that shaped the image representing the case? This study aims to discover the impact of the protagonist’s critical case in creating the artistic image, and relying on artistic techniques and linguistic elements only, using the artistic method in analyzing the image. One of the main study outcomes is that the artistic image aesthetics in this work surpassed even the momentum of the event and its transformations, in a way that made the work closer to a biography than a novel. The image was created artistically following the special impression of the protagonist’s critical case. It has been recommended to this approach to study the impact of the protagonist’s detachment from his job in creating the novel’s language, its rhetoric, and descriptive styles. This sense of disconnection differentiated the novel with rather a congested narrating language, appeared, mainly, in the first part of the novel, before discovering his illness.

Sandra Vlasta

María Isabel Rodríguez Ponce

This paper analyses a variety of issues (biography, history, theory, methodology…) that throw light on the peculiarity of John L. Austin and his philosophy, as well as on the rejection generated against it. From all these aspects, this study intends to highlight the stylistic and discursive ones, especially the role of rhetoric, whit the aim to show that this author creates a performative prose in line with its intellectual content. In this way, Austin gives to his work a unique coherence between content and form.

Aude Plagnard

This study offers a preliminary analysis of the Elogio in prose written by Gabriel Lobo Lasso de la Vega and dedicated to one of the most illustrious naval officers of the reign of Phillip II, don Álvaro de Bazán, marquis of Santa Cruz. I begin by exploring the circumstances which led the poet to praise this particular military figure through his use of a triptych including two other important men: King Jaime I of Aragón and the conqueror Hernán Cortés. I then lay the groundwork for poetic and historical research of the Elogio in three ways: by comparing the work with its sources (in particular a panegyric by Mosquera de Figueroa), by summarizing the historical episodes alluded to, and by analyzing the strategies used to praise Bazán (an elevated style, heroic figures, and Bazan’s portrait and emblem, which were represented in two engravings at the beginning of the volume). I finally consider the most original aspect of the Elogio: the reproduction of sixteen poems and eleven prose fragments from other poets and historians. Conceived as historical documents to help praise the marquis in the future, these fragments also demonstrate the success of the panegyric style initiated by the poet. This text perfectly illustrates the ways in which history and poetry, vraisemblance and wonder, are closely related concepts and tools for praise in the early modern period.

Julieta Pérez Amador

This work builds on the idea that the transition to marriage is influenced simultaneously by social context, family context, and individual’s early biography and socioeconomic status. Unlike previous studies that examine the transition to marriage in Mexico, I consider theoretically and analyze empirically the role of intergenerational influences on marriage timing. Using data from the National Family Planning Survey, I estimated a set of nested discrete-time hazard models to evaluate the effects of mothers’ marriage age on children’s transition to marriage. I find that children of mothers who married young enter into marriage earlier than children of mothers who delayed marriage. This relationship persists after controlling for important socioeconomic factors. In fact, the effect of mothers’ age at marriage on children’s age at marriage is larger than the effect of mother’s education. I also find this relationship to be similar for both sons and daughters, suggesting that family influences are a key aspect of the transition to marriage in Mexico.