Hasil untuk "Bibliography. Library science. Information resources"

Guanghui YE, Kai TU, Lina HU, Li HAN, Zhiming FENG

[Purpose/Significance] Limited by the constraints of traditional literature classification systems, scientific and technical literature information resources face problems such as inadequate disclosure and resource utilization. At the same time, high-quality user-generated data cannot yet be integrated as data elements into services related to scientific and technical literature services, which prevents these services from adapting to the context of the open science and meeting the diverse knowledge needs of readers. This study aims to harness the technological breakthrough potential of AI to build a consumer-end data system for scientific and technical literature information resources driven by AI and experts. This will help to overcome the shortcomings of traditional services, such as the lack of supporting reading information and low interactivity between users, with the hope of promoting the optimization process of scientific and technical literature information resource services. [Method/Process] First, the study analyzes the four-dimensional value representation of the consumer-end data systems for scientific and technical literature information resources, including the intrinsic value, the tool value, the academic value, and the future value of annotation data. Then, following the processing flow of consumer-end data, namely the collection phase, utilization phase, and management phase, the paper proposes principles for the construction of consumer-end data systems. Furthermore, the paper deconstructs and analyzes the risks associated with the involvement of AI in the construction of consumer-end data systems, including four types of risks: machine algorithm risks, annotation content risks, annotation data risks and application risks. Finally, based on the degree of AI involvement in data annotation work, three innovative models of AI plus expert collaborates with user to accomplish data annotation for scientific and technical literature information resources are designed: the AI plus expert-assisted data annotation model, the AI plus expert collaborative data annotation model, and the AI plus expert-led data annotation model. [Results/Conclusions] Under the AI plus expert-assisted data annotation model, AI acts as a tool to complete surface-level information processing based on rules set by experts to assist users in data annotation. In the AI plus expert collaborative data annotation model, AI completes the review of pre-annotation tags for scientific and technical literature information resources, transforming users from a self-generated tag mode to an AI-generated data tag evaluation and selection mode, with experts assisting in the final review of data tag quality. In the AI plus expert-led data annotation model, users provide data annotation requirements, experts guide the process, and data annotation is automatically completed by the AI4S platform.

Fausta Gantús, Alicia Salmerón

La prensa electoral o de coyuntura en el siglo XIX remite a un tipo específico de impresos partidistas de corta vida: los generados en torno a las elecciones. Estos periódicos tenían la peculiaridad de asumir un carácter electoral, partidista y militante: fueron creados para impulsar las candidaturas y agendas de grupos o partidos de cara a los comicios en juego. Este artículo es un acercamiento al tema y se enfoca en dos prácticas propias de ese tipo especial de impresos a partir de la experiencia del México de la segunda mitad del siglo XIX, décadas en que cobraron fuerza un par de estrategias periodísticas: la asociación directa de la prensa de coyuntura con clubes electorales y su apoyo en la sátira visual para tomar parte en las elecciones.

Fernanda Pires, Julia Vilasís Pamos, Ona Anglada Pujol et al.

This article focuses on exploring the stories shared on social media from the perspective of women who have suffered various forms of violence and feelings of not being safe when using Uber transport services. For that reason, this article has the following specific objectives: 1) to identify and explore the stories shared on social media describing violence and abuse suffered by Uber users due to their gender; and 2) to identify and explore the safety and protective measures articulated on social media in the face of said violent and abusive situations. In order to do this, we undertook non-participative systematic observation on the social networks Twitter and TikTok, where we identified content involving reports, self-defence, prevention and raising awareness. It can be concluded that most reports are in the field of experiences and involve user stories describing violence and abuse suffered while using Uber transport services. The self-defence content shared on social media is configured as a tool for tackling instances of harassment. However, these tools lack a collective mobilization aspect.

Kai Geschuhn, Peter Blume, Dana Horch et al.

Marc Stoeckle, James E. Murphy, Bartlomiej A. Lenart

Librarians at the University of Calgary collaborated with instructors on an inquiry-based learning course with varying involvement across four course sections. This study uses text analysis of student assignments to assess information literacy (IL) skill development across four levels of course participation: librarian as instructor-of-record, two levels of embeddedness, and a single ‘one-shot’ session. The methodology included the tracking of keywords generated using the ACRL Framework for Information Literacy and text analysis of student reflection assignments in an inquiry-based, research-focused first-year undergraduate course. The results suggest that the benefit to student IL skills is not related to amount of librarian instruction, but rather to the level of instructor buy-in with regard to library services and the importance of IL skills. We argue that the most impactful librarian involvement is as an IL course consultant rather than a full-time embedded librarian (which is surprising given the literature on the efficacy of embeddedness). Although further research is needed, the study results have significant implications for academic librarian instructional practices and collaborations on course content with faculty members.

Tiziana Possemato

Eva Kodrič-Dačić

Učbeniški sklad je ločen del šolske knjižnice, ki zagotavlja učno gradivo za učence in dijake ter evidentira aktualna učna gradiva, ki se uporabljajo v vzgojno-izobraževalnih zavodih. Čeprav imajo učbeniški skladi že dolgo tradicijo, je bilo njihovo delovanje prvič urejeno s pravilnikom leta 1994, šele leta 2017 pa so tudi formalno postale njihove skrbnice šolske knjižničarke. Učbeniški skladi so sicer deležni kritik s strani pedagogov, založnikov in knjižničarjev, vendar so, glede na število učencev, ki si izposojajo učbenike iz učbeniškega sklada,  koristen in nepogrešljiv del šolske knjižnice. Članek prikazuje kratek pregled razvoja učbeniških skladov na Slovenskem, analizira podatke o obsegu in uporabi učbeniških skladov, pridobljene s statističnimi meritvami in statistikami COBISS.Si ter pregled odgovorov šolskih knjižničark glede obsega nalog in odnosa do dela z učbeniškim skladom, ki so bili zbrani v okviru ankete o nalogah šolskih knjižničark.

Yu-Wei Chang, I-Jen Li

Brenda Dervin presented a paper in 1983 titled “An Overview of Sense-Making Research: Concepts, Methods and Results to Date” at a conference. She presented the “Sense-Making Methodology (SMM)” in the 1983 paper with the introduction of its core concepts, methods, and applications. SMM is a user-centered theory for methodology and has been widely applied to a wide range of fields. The findings of this study show that the 1983 paper has a longterm influence on other research articles and its influence has expanded into more disciplines and topics over time. Most of 283 articles citing the 1983 paper were information behavior articles published in journals of library and information science. This study contributes to confirm that the primary influence of this 1983 paper was established by a few concepts related to SMM. Not all three basic concepts constructing the SMM, “gaps”, “situations”, and “uses”, were the most influential concepts in terms of number of citation contexts. “Gaps” was the most frequently cited concept related to SMM (17.5%), closely followed by “sense-making/nonsense-making (17.3%)”. However, “SMM” was the most influential concept in terms of number of research topics of citing articles.

Jacek Miler

2 XII 1997 r. odbyło się w Warszawie IV Forum Polskiego Towarzystwa Bibliologicznego (PTB) „Z problemów ochrony europejskiego i narodowego dziedzictwa piśmienniczego” z udziałem bibliotekarzy polskich i ukraińskich. W jego trakcie zabrał głos J. Miler naczelnik wydziału w Biurze Pełnomocnika Rządu ds. Polskiego Dziedzictwa Kulturalnego za Granicą Ministerstwa Kultury i Dziedzictwa Narodowego w Warszawie. Przedstawił w referacie – artykuł stanowi jego skróconą wersję – prace komisji mieszanych do spraw dziedzictwa kulturalnego zajmujących się m.in. sprawami bibliotek, ujawniania i rewindykacji dóbr kultury: polsko-białoruskiej i polsko-ukraińskiej. Artykuł przedstawia też prace samego Biura: dokumentacyjne i konserwatorsko-budowalne oraz prace inwentaryzacyjne zabytków finansowane przez Biuro głównie realizowane na kresach wschodnich dawnej Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej, znajdujących się obecnie w granicach Litwy, Białorusi i Ukrainy.

María Antón Pardo

Species richness is not homogeneous in space and it normally presents differences when comparing among different sites. These differences often respond to gradients in one or several factors which create biodiversity patterns in space and are scale-dependent. At a local scale, diversity patterns depend on the habitat size (species-area relationship), the productivity, the environmental harshness, the frequency and intensity of disturbance, or the regional species pool. Regional diversity may be influenced by environmental heterogeneity (increasing dissimilarity), although it could act also at smaller or larger spatial scales, and the connectivity among habitats. Finally, at a global scale, diversity patterns are found with the latitude, the altitude or the depth, although these factors are surrogates for one or several environmental variables (productivity, area, isolation, or harshness).

Giliola Barbero

This article illustrates an early modern sales list of books, the Libri spirituali di stampa of the Venetian Giolito publishing house. This printed list, kept in the Biblioteca Comunale Augusta in Perugia, includes the descriptions of 81 devotional and religious sixteenth century books with their prices expressed in Venetian lire (an account money). The aim of the research is to illustrate the price policy of the Giolito firm between 1587 and 1592, and the segment of the market they intended to serve. For this purpose, on the basis of the books priced, the list has been dated and placed in chronological relation with other already known Giolito sales catalogues. In the second part of the article, average prices per printing sheet are calculated and the relationships between prices and dates, languages and formats are taken into consideration. In the end, the reasons why some few editions were proposed on the market at a higher price are discussed. The list is published in the Appendix.

Stefano Russo

BeWeb – online ecclesiastical cultural heritage – is a project to establish a portal dedicated to the cultural and artistic heritage of the Catholic Church, by providing an integrated view of data regarding churches, the artwork and items of worship they contain, library and archive funds of diocesan and religious institutes, with a special focus on cultural, scientific and pastoral care aspects, in order to provide an authoritative tool for users to know more about these extraordinary assets. Our goal is to share the outcome of all activities carried out by dioceses and ecclesiastical cultural institutes to manage and enhance their cultural and artistic heritage, both through the catalogue – which provides a virtual map of buildings, items, cultural institutes, archives, funds and libraries – and also through content creation, by connecting different resources together and helping users find their way through this wealth of material, in order for them to appreciate aspects related to pastoral care and worship, in addition to history and culture. Integrating this kind of information leads to a clearer perception of the Church’s unique cultural heritage, which can be understood only by referring to local contexts that provide users with a fundamental key for interpretation. The digital inventory of ecclesiastical cultural and artistic heritage, that Italian dioceses have been urged to contribute to by the Italian Bishops’ Conference since 1997 – with the support of the National Office for Ecclesiastical Cultural Heritage (UNBCE) acting as coordinator – has led to the creation of a massive digital data bank in the last ten years. The inventory documents an extremely important, sizeable and peculiar cultural heritage, and testifies to the sense of responsibility and spirit of service of dioceses and religious institutes. UNBCE has laid down the methodology, identified strategies, provided means and support in the different work stages, but this project has been and still is a major networking effort, to which each diocese and institute contribute, safeguarding the added value that is given by the close union between information and heritage which, in several online projects, is sometimes undermined. The various inventory projects are the result of intense activity based on specific agreements signed with the Ministry for Cultural Heritage and Activities and respective Central Institutes, to promote filing initiatives that comply with relevant national and international standards, safeguarding filing entities’ specifities. The traditionally active dialogue between UNBCE, Ministry officials and particular Churches has led to the pursuit of shared goals in implementing this ambitious project. Currently, BeWeb hosts the data banks of several Italian dioceses’ historic and artistic heritage, in addition to fact sheets regarding dioceses and cultural institutes (museums, archives and libraries). Over time, it will be enriched with data banks of architectural heritage, archival funds and library assets, thus becoming a cross-sectoral portal of ecclesiastical cultural heritage with and extraordinary potential. BeWeb engages in dialogue on a 360° radius: this project also includes continuous updates and reflections regarding national and international scenarios, through a semantic web, open data and integration with internationally-renowned archives such as VIAF, ULAN, TGN. All this is also made possible by the development of access point control and standardization (authority files).BeWeb’s aim is to provide for different navigation needs: from average users looking for basic information to specialists engaging in more sophisticated searches. BeWeb acts as a mediator between users and cultural institutions, to enhance the Church’s important cultural heritage through greater participation by making communication easier.

Cenidalva Miranda de Sousa Teixeira, Juliana Rabelo do Carmo, Marcos Aurélio Pereira Veiga et al.

Estudo de softwares livres em bibliotecas escolares públicas na área Itaqui-Bacanga em São Luís, Maranhão. O uso da tecnologia da informação e comunicação fundamenta o processo de implementação da automação em unidades de informação, em especial nas bibliotecas escolares da rede estadual, com a finalidade de acesso, controle e recuperação da informação. Emprega a metodologia de pesquisa de campo, com abordagem exploratória e descritiva para coleta de dados. Aborda os conceitos e definições de softwares livres como solução para as problemáticas de organização e controle de acervo de bibliotecas em busca de propostas econômicas e/ou sem custos. Apresenta os significados e ideais do Free Software Foundation que norteia a política de uso dos softwares livres, expondo os graus de influência do uso das tecnologias nos processos desempenhados nas bibliotecas. Caracteriza o Projeto de Pesquisa em questão, e elucida os seus objetivos, universo de pesquisa e métodos para implementação de softwares livres, e os resultados parciais obtidos. Conclui indicando que a situação das bibliotecas analisadas reflete a falta de políticas públicas para essas organizações sociais, o que origina a necessidade de buscar algumas medidas para solucionar o problema da ausência de biblioteca ativas e com estruturas adequadas. Portanto, a automação de bibliotecas escolares, com uso de softwares livres, consiste em uma ferramenta eficaz para a organização, controle, disponibilização e recuperação da informação para os usuários no ambiente escolar.

Alison Brettle

No abstract.

R. McCall

Renato Pinto Venancio

Durante o período republicano, a trajetória do Arquivo Nacional não foi linear. Tendo em vista essa questão, o presente artigo apresenta, em relação ao período compreendido entre a proclamação da República e o início do Estado Novo, os traços gerais das mudanças registradas na legislação federal. O objetivo dessa pesquisa é de sublinhar que, antes da expansão das estruturas burocráticas do Estado brasileiro, o Arquivo Nacional desempenhava vários serviços arquivísticos e administrativos. Essa situação foi progressivamente sendo modificada, em razão da evolução interna da instituição arquivística, assim como das alterações registradas na administração pública federal. Palavras-chaves: Arquivo Nacional; legislação; arquivologia.

A. P. Jackson, Julius C. Jefferson, A. S. Nosakhere

Abdolreza Noroozi Chakoli

The measurement and evaluation of science, that scientometrics is followed, subsequently has always been in the world since it has been assumed that science can help the health and welfare of the inhabitants of the planet. Using the results of researches can effect on the economic, social, political, scientific, and cultural foundations. Therefore, the scientometrics researches are attractive for scientific and research societies that draw the distant horizons for themselves. This article introduced the scientometrics dimensions concisely and discusses the effects of results of these researches on economic, social, political, scientific, and cultural development in the countries and emphasizes its effects on the services of library and information centers. So, this paper presented the situation of scientometrics in science policy processes and states its role in the society development process based on the library method and using the analytical approach.

Bill Preble, R. Gordon