Une « actualité » française et internationale autour d’Epstein (colloques, publications, inédits) invite à revenir sur l’œuvre protéiforme du cinéaste qui est tout autant poète, essayiste, philosophe. C’est l’ouverture du fonds Epstein de la Cinémathèque française qui change désormais l’appréhension de cette œuvre et ouvre à de nouvelles approches. On en propose ici quelques-unes en complément des deux études de ce numéro en éclairant les rapports d’Epstein et du Dr Ramain, musicologue et esthéticien dont la correspondance, inédite, vient d’être versée au fonds de la Cinémathèque française ; en révélant, à partir des images mêmes du film les Bâtisseurs, un Epstein antifasciste ; en documentant les difficultés que rencontra le cinéaste théoricien après la Deuxième Guerre mondiale à publier et à se faire entendre, ignoré d’une nouvelle génération critique qui rejette « l’avant-garde » comme sa conception de la « machine » du cinéma.
When distributing an indivisible harm or benefit between multiple individuals, all of whom have an equal claim to avoid the harm or receive the benefit, it is commonly thought that one should hold a lottery in order to give each claimant an equal chance of winning. Moreover, it is often said that, by holding a lottery, one makes the resultant outcome inequality between those who receive the harm or benefit and those who do not less unfair than it would otherwise have been. Versions of this view have been prominently endorsed by a number of authors, including Arneson, Broome, Diamond, Lang, Otsuka, Parfit, and Temkin. I argue that the view is mistaken. I note that the failure of the view has significant consequences for policy, including most importantly for how we should interpret the goal of fair equality of opportunity.
Fifteen original contributions from experts in high-speed computation on multi-processor architectures, concurrent programming and parallel algorithms. Experts in high-speed computation agree that the rapidly growing demand for more powerful computers can only be met by a radical change in computer architecture, a change from a single serial processor to an aggregation of many processors working in parallel. At present, our knowledge about multi-processor architectures, concurrent programming or parallel algorithms is very limited. This book discusses all three subjects in relation to the HEP supercomputer that can handle multiple instruction streams and multiple data streams (MIMD). The HEP multiprocessor is an innovative general purpose computer, easy to use by anybody familiar with FORTRAN. Following a preface by the editor, the book's fifteen original contributions are divided into four sections: The HEP Architecture and Systems Software; The HEP Performance; Programming and Languages; and Applications of the HEP Computer. An appendix describes the use of monitors in FORTRAN, providing a tutorial on the barrier, self-scheduling DO loop, and Askfor monitors. J. S. Kowalik, who has contributed a chapter with S. P. Kumar on "Parallel Algorithms for Recurrence and Tridiagonal Linear Equations," is a manager in Boeing Computer Services' Artificial Intelligence Center in Seattle.MIMD Computation is included in the Scientific Computation Series, edited by Dennis Cannon.