Philipp Steigerwald, Jennifer Burghardt, Eric Rudolph
et al.
Text-based online counselling scales across geographical and stigma barriers, yet faces practitioner shortages, lacks non-verbal cues and suffers inconsistent quality assurance. Whilst artificial intelligence offers promising solutions, its use in mental health counselling raises distinct ethical challenges. This paper analyses three AI implementation approaches - autonomous counsellor bots, AI training simulators and counsellor-facing augmentation tools. Drawing on professional codes, regulatory frameworks and scholarly literature, we identify four ethical principles - privacy, fairness, autonomy and accountability - and demonstrate their distinct manifestations across implementation approaches. Textual constraints may enable AI integration whilst requiring attention to implementation-specific hazards. This conceptual paper sensitises developers, researchers and practitioners to navigate AI-enhanced counselling ethics whilst preserving human values central to mental health support.
The development of technology has a very significant influence on the way students communicate which really requires the active role of teachers in directing interactions in accordance with Islamic values. PAI teachers have an important role in managing Islamic communication ethics in the digital world. This study aims to look at the role of PAI teachers in managing students' Islamic communication in the digital era as well as the strategies used by PAI teachers in shaping Islamic communication ethics. This research uses a qualitative approach with data collection techniques through interviews, observations, and documentation carried out at SMA Muhammadiyah 18 Jakarta. The results of the study show that PAI teachers function as good role models, spiritual guides, and facilitators in Islamic digital literacy learning. Teachers also apply learning strategies in the form of projects and religious reflections that are integrated with digital media to instill the values of politeness, responsibility, and civilized ways of communicating on social media. The main factor that supports the success of this program is the cooperation between teachers, principals, and parents in building a digital environment based on religion and education and showing that students are positive about the teacher's efforts, which can be seen from the increased awareness of ethics and polite communication in the digital world. This research concludes that PAI learning combined with digital literacy has an important role in building Islamic communication ethics.
ABSTRACT This study examines the theological foundations and ethical implications of Mo Zi's concept of “universal love” ( jian ai ) and Christian “agape,” exploring their religious dimensions, ontological bases, and contemporary significance. While existing scholarship has often emphasized the ethical similarities between these two traditions, this research provides a more nuanced theological analysis that reveals their distinctive religious foundations. Through systematic examination of Mohist writings and New Testament sources, particularly the Gospels and Johannine literature, this study demonstrates that these love concepts emerge from fundamentally different religious worldviews: Mo Zi's universal love flows from Heaven's impartial concern for human welfare and seeks sociopolitical harmony, while Christian agape emerges from God's self‐giving nature and aims at divine‐human communion. Despite these theological differences, both traditions establish love as a religious imperative with radical implications for social ethics, transcending conventional boundaries of moral concern. This comparative theological analysis offers resources for contemporary interreligious dialogue and cross‐cultural ethical engagement, suggesting how these complementary religious visions might address shared global challenges while respecting their distinctive spiritual foundations.
In this paper, we cover approaches to systematically govern, assess and quantify bias across the complete life cycle of machine learning models, from initial development and validation to ongoing production monitoring and guardrail implementation. Building upon our foundational work on the Bias Evaluation and Assessment Test Suite (BEATS) for Large Language Models, the authors share prevalent bias and fairness related gaps in Large Language Models (LLMs) and discuss data and AI governance framework to address Bias, Ethics, Fairness, and Factuality within LLMs. The data and AI governance approach discussed in this paper is suitable for practical, real-world applications, enabling rigorous benchmarking of LLMs prior to production deployment, facilitating continuous real-time evaluation, and proactively governing LLM generated responses. By implementing the data and AI governance across the life cycle of AI development, organizations can significantly enhance the safety and responsibility of their GenAI systems, effectively mitigating risks of discrimination and protecting against potential reputational or brand-related harm. Ultimately, through this article, we aim to contribute to advancement of the creation and deployment of socially responsible and ethically aligned generative artificial intelligence powered applications.
Prathamesh Muzumdar, Apoorva Muley, Kuldeep Singh
et al.
The adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the healthcare service industry presents numerous ethical challenges, yet current frameworks often fail to offer a comprehensive, empirical understanding of the multidimensional factors influencing ethical AI integration. Addressing this critical research gap, this study introduces the Multi-Dimensional Ethical AI Adoption Model (MEAAM), a novel theoretical framework that categorizes 13 critical ethical variables across four foundational dimensions of Ethical AI Fair AI, Responsible AI, Explainable AI, and Sustainable AI. These dimensions are further analyzed through three core ethical lenses: epistemic concerns (related to knowledge, transparency, and system trustworthiness), normative concerns (focused on justice, autonomy, dignity, and moral obligations), and overarching concerns (highlighting global, systemic, and long-term ethical implications). This study adopts a quantitative, cross-sectional research design using survey data collected from healthcare professionals and analyzed via Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Employing PLS-SEM, this study empirically investigates the influence of these ethical constructs on two outcomes Operational AI Adoption and Systemic AI Adoption. Results indicate that normative concerns most significantly drive operational adoption decisions, while overarching concerns predominantly shape systemic adoption strategies and governance frameworks. Epistemic concerns play a facilitative role, enhancing the impact of ethical design principles on trust and transparency in AI systems. By validating the MEAAM framework, this research advances a holistic, actionable approach to ethical AI adoption in healthcare and provides critical insights for policymakers, technologists, and healthcare administrators striving to implement ethically grounded AI solutions.
The literature on ethics and sustainability in mathematics and its education is increasingly complex and fragmented, potentially leading to communication breakdowns between different scholarly traditions. To address this, the paper introduces the "Ethical and Sustainable Concerns Triangle," a framework that maps discourses based on their relative concern for three areas (represented as three vertices in the triangle): "Mathematics", "Community", and "Society/Planet". By integrating a systems theoretic perspective, we analyse discourses as dynamic systemic reactions to external irritations. Our analysis reveals that the field's fragmentation can be explained by the "location effect": the phenomenon whereby a discourse's position within the triangle shapes its perception and acceptance of other scholarship. By mapping key discourses and educator archetypes, the framework functions as a meta-heuristic tool. Ultimately, it serves not only to facilitate critical reflection but also as a call for the epistemic humility and dialogue needed to advance the field.
One of the academic gaps in the study of child adoption in Muslim-majority countries lies in the diverse interpretations and applications of Islamic law, particularly in balancing religious principles with modern legal frameworks. While adoption is widely practiced, its legal recognition and implementation vary significantly across Muslim countries. This study focuses on the adoption regulations in Morocco, Turkey, and Indonesia, three countries that represent distinct approaches to integrating Islamic family law with national legal. This research is a library study, using a juridical-normative approach to examine literature and related national regulations. The article is discussed comparatively, referring to the theory of Prof. Mr. Lodewijk Wilem Christian van den Berg (1845-1927), a Dutch legal scholar who argued that Islamic law should fully apply to all Muslims. The findings indicate consistency with Anderson's perspective on the reform of Islamic law. Differences in the regulation of child adoption in Turkey, Morocco, and Indonesia reflect varying interpretations and implementations of Islamic law in different Muslim countries. Turkey has undergone the most significant changes by adopting a more secular legal system, while Morocco has reformed family law to maintain fundamental Islamic principles with adjustments to meet modern societal needs. Indonesia continues to uphold many traditional aspects of Islamic law in adoption regulations, despite efforts to protect the rights of adopted children in accordance with the best interests of the child principle. This study contributes to the understanding of the flexibility of Islamic law in adapting to modernity and its implications for child rights protection. The findings can serve as a reference for policymakers in designing more inclusive regulations aligned with the best interests of the child.
Salah satu kesenjangan akademik dalam studi tentang pengangkatan anak di negara-negara mayoritas Muslim terletak pada beragamnya interpretasi dan penerapan hukum Islam, terutama dalam menyeimbangkan prinsip-prinsip keagamaan dengan kerangka hukum modern. Meskipun praktik pengangkatan anak banyak dilakukan, pengakuan dan implementasi hukumnya sangat bervariasi di berbagai negara Muslim. Penelitian ini berfokus pada regulasi pengangkatan anak di Maroko, Turki, dan Indonesia, tiga negara yang mewakili pendekatan berbeda dalam mengintegrasikan hukum keluarga Islam dengan sistem hukum nasional. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kepustakaan, dengan pendekatan yuridis-normatif yang mengkaji literatur dan regulasi perundang-undangan negara terkait. Artikel ini dibahas secara komparatif, dengan merujuk pada teori Prof. Mr. Lodewijk Wilem Christian van den Berg (1845-1927), seorang ahli hukum Belanda yang berpendapat bahwa hukum Islam harus berlaku penuh bagi seluruh umat Muslim yang memeluknya. Hasil penelitian mengindikasikan adanya konsistensi dengan pandangan Anderson tentang reformasi hukum Islam yang berpendapat bahwa hukum Islam bersifat fleksibel dan mengalami transformasi untuk menyesuaikan dengan kebutuhan masyarakat modern. Perbedaan dalam regulasi pengangkatan anak di Turki, Maroko, dan Indonesia menunjukkan adanya variasi dalam interpretasi dan implementasi hukum Islam di berbagai negara Muslim. Turki mengalami perubahan yang paling signifikan dengan mengadopsi sistem hukum yang lebih sekuler, sementara Maroko telah melakukan reformasi hukum keluarga yang tetap mempertahankan prinsip-prinsip dasar Islam namun dengan penyesuaian untuk memenuhi kebutuhan masyarakat modern. Indonesia masih mempertahankan banyak aspek tradisional dari hukum Islam dalam regulasi pengangkatan anak, meskipun telah ada upaya untuk melindungi hak-hak anak angkat sesuai dengan prinsip kepentingan terbaik bagi anak. Studi ini berkontribusi pada pemahaman tentang fleksibilitas hukum Islam dalam menghadapi modernitas serta implikasinya terhadap perlindungan hak anak. Hasilnya dapat menjadi referensi bagi pembuat kebijakan dalam merancang regulasi yang lebih inklusif sesuai dengan prinsip kepentingan terbaik bagi anak.
Haoyu Gao, Mansooreh Zahedi, Christoph Treude
et al.
Background: The development of AI-enabled software heavily depends on AI model documentation, such as model cards, due to different domain expertise between software engineers and model developers. From an ethical standpoint, AI model documentation conveys critical information on ethical considerations along with mitigation strategies for downstream developers to ensure the delivery of ethically compliant software. However, knowledge on such documentation practice remains scarce. Aims: The objective of our study is to investigate how developers document ethical aspects of open source AI models in practice, aiming at providing recommendations for future documentation endeavours. Method: We selected three sources of documentation on GitHub and Hugging Face, and developed a keyword set to identify ethics-related documents systematically. After filtering an initial set of 2,347 documents, we identified 265 relevant ones and performed thematic analysis to derive the themes of ethical considerations. Results: Six themes emerge, with the three largest ones being model behavioural risks, model use cases, and model risk mitigation. Conclusions: Our findings reveal that open source AI model documentation focuses on articulating ethical problem statements and use case restrictions. We further provide suggestions to various stakeholders for improving documentation practice regarding ethical considerations.
Marcellin Atemkeng, Sisipho Hamlomo, Brian Welman
et al.
This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of Generative AI (GenAI) potential to revolutionise software coding through increased efficiency and reduced time span for writing code. It acknowledges the transformative power of GenAI in software code generation, while also cautioning against the inherent risks of bias and errors if left unchecked. Emphasising the irreplaceable value of traditional programming, it posits that GenAI is not a replacement but a complementary tool for writing software code. Ethical considerations are paramount with the paper advocating for stringent ethical guidelines to ensure GenAI serves the greater good and does not compromise on accountability in writing software code. It suggests a balanced approach, combining human oversight with AI's capabilities, to mitigate risks and enhance reliability. The paper concludes by proposing guidelines for GenAI utilisation in coding, which will empower developers to navigate its complexities and employ it responsibly. This approach addresses current ethical concerns and sets a foundation for the judicious use of GenAI in the future, ensuring its benefits are harnessed effectively while maintaining moral integrity.
Donatella Donati, Ziba Assadi, Simone Gozzano
et al.
The aim of this paper is to represent humans' soft-ethical preferences by means of dispositional properties. We begin by examining real-life situations, termed as scenarios, that involve ethical dilemmas. Users engage with these scenarios, making decisions on how to act and providing justifications for their choices. We adopt a dispositional approach to represent these scenarios and the interaction with the users. Dispositions are properties that are instantiated by any kind of entity and that may manifest if properly triggered. In particular, the dispositional properties we are interested in are the ethical and behavioural ones. The approach will be described by means of examples. The ultimate goal is to implement the results of this work into a software exoskeleton solution aimed at augmenting human capabilities by preserving their soft-ethical preferences in interactions with autonomous systems.
This research aims to find out: (1) The application of the Predict, Observe, and Explain (POE) learning model in the subject of Islamic Religious Education & Budi Pekerti class VII at SMP Negeri 2 Waru. (2) The level of critical thinking ability of students in the subject of Islamic Religious Education & Ethics class VII at SMP Negeri 2 Waru. (3) The correlation between the application of the Predict, Observe, and Explain (POE) learning model in Islamic Religious Education & BP subjects with an increase in the critical thinking skills of seventh grade students at SMP Negeri 2 Waru. The method used in this research is field research with a quantitative approach with correlational techniques. The population in this study amounted to 344 students and a sample of 60 students. The data collection techniques used are observation, documentation, and questionnaires. As for the instrument prerequisite test using validity and reliability tests and hypothesis testing using product moment correlation tests and significance tests. The results of this study indicate that the application of the POE model in PAI & BP subjects is in the good category with an average of 79%. The level of critical thinking skills of students in PAI & BP subjects in class VII of 70% is in the good category. And the correlation test results obtained r_hitung of 0.671. At the 1% and 5% significance levels the results of r_ (count) > r_table so it can be concluded that H_0 is rejected and H ‘a’ which reads there is a correlation between the application of the critical thinking mode and the critical thinking mode.
This article examines the comparison between the fiqh concept of iḥyā' al-mawāt and Indonesian national agrarian law on land reform, especially the right to open land. The author uses a comparative approach in this discussion, which compares the existing concepts in fiqh (as Islamic law) and national agrarian law (as Indonesian positive law). This article contributes to the discourse on Islamic land law, also known as agrarian fiqh, which has not been widely studied. This article shows that in the classical Islamic literature, there has been a study of land and how the Prophet Muhammad PBUH regulated land management. One of the concepts in fiqh is iḥyā' al-mawāt, which is to revive dead land. This is a starting point to introduce the tradition of agrarian fiqh in the classical literature. This article concludes that in both fiqh and Indonesian agrarian law, there is a concept of land clearing based on the principle of expediency. However, iḥyā' al-mawāt and the Indonesian national agrarian law on land reform still have differences, both in terms of concept, regulation, and implementation. This article is limited to a literature review that must be further studied from the context of the application of these two laws. This article contributes to the understanding of the two laws that are applied in Indonesia, namely positive law and Islamic law.
Artikel ini mengkaji tentang perbandingan antara konsep fiqh tentang iḥyā’ al-mawāt dan hukum agraria nasional Indonesia tentang land reform, terutama hak membuka lahan. Penulis menggunakan pendekatan perbandingan dalam pembahasan ini, yaitu membandingkan konsep yang ada dalam fiqh (sebagai hukum Islam) dan hukum agraria nasional (sebagai hukum positif Indonesia). Artikel ini memberikan kontribusi tentang wacana hukum pertanahan Islam atau dapat juga disebut sebagai fiqh agraria yang belum banyak dikaji. Artikel ini menunjukkan bahwa dalam khazanah Islam klasik telah dikenal kajian tentang tanah dan bagaimana Nabi Muhammad saw. mengatur tentang pengelolaan tanah. Salah satu konsep dalam fiqh adalah iḥyā’ al-mawāt, yaitu menghidupkan tanah mati. Hal ini menjadi satu titik awal untuk memperkenalkan tradisi fiqh agraria dalam khazanah klasik. Dari artikel ini dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa baik dalam fiqh maupun dalam hukum agraria Indonesia terdapat konsep tentang membuka lahan yang berdasarkan asas kemanfaatan. Dalam fiqh dikenal dengan istilah iḥyā’ al-mawāt dan dalam hukum agraria dikenal adanya hak membuka lahan. Namun demikian, iḥyā’ al-mawāt dan hukum agraria nasional Indonesia tentang land reform tetap memiliki perbedaan, baik dari segi konsepnya, pengaturannya, maupun dari segi pelaksanaannya. Artikel ini sebatas kajian Pustaka yang harus dilanjutkan kajiannya dari aspek implementasi dua hukum tersebut. Artikel ini berkontribusi pada pemahaman dua hukum yang berlaku di Indonesia, yaitu hukum positif dan hukum Islam.
This article examines the management of the COVID-19 pandemic by the Roman Catholic Church in Nsukka, Nigeria. By management, we mean how the Roman Catholic church in Nsukka makes sure that its congregations adhere to the COVID-19 protocols. A survey was carried out which covered both parishes in the rural areas and Nsukka town as well. Three each from the rural and three from Nsukka town, formed the population of the study. The study spanned from June 2020 to April 2021.The findings of the article showed that Roman Catholics in the rural areas cared less about maintaining COVID-19 protocols; their reason is based on the ‘illusion’ that the pandemic is not real after all. Those within the urban areas adhered more to the protocols given that provisions of washing hand basins and sanitisers were made. They also made use of their facemasks. These set of Roman Catholic members believe that the pandemic may be real and to be on the safe side, one has to protect oneself against any eventuality. Stricter measures were found out not to have been put in place in Roman Catholic parishes in the rural areas to ensure adherence to COVID-19 protocols.
Ryan Prayogi, Sapriya Sapriya, M. Januar Ibnu Adam
et al.
This research examines the importance for civic education teachers in carrying out the learning process in class not only achieving cognitive aspects but every teacher must also prioritise affective aspects in the learning process, so that using the Moral Education model in Civic Education can be a reference for teachers in carrying out Civic Education learning by using the Moral Education model as an effort to foster Moral feeling, Moral Behaviour and Moral action. The purpose of this research is how Citizenship Education as Moral Education and the Development of Moral Education models in Citizenship Education. While this research method uses a literature study research approach with steps to select themes, search for references, collect data sources, and analyse data and draw conclusions. The results showed that education as moral education has existed since civic education entered Indonesia, and that the development of moral education models in civic education, one of which uses the Human Modelling model and Value Clarification Technique, provides a practical solution for civic education as moral education that refers to the 21st century learning model.
Maulida Fitri Aulia Dewi, Vivi Dianita Dianita, Dina Nailis Sa’adah
et al.
"Lailatul Ijtima" means the night of the assembly which is held once a month. This activity started from the custom of the former scholars to regularly meet and gather with discussing a variety of issues ranging from issues of religion and also issues of integrity to nationality, the meeting was held at night time then this tradition continued in the form of the routine activities of the organization Nahdlatul Ulama under the name Lailatul Ijtima. The purpose of this activity is not only to understand and practice religious teachings, but also to understand the teachings of religion and to strengthen religious character to the community.
As for the method used in the study of this activity is qualitative discreet with the technique of data collection through observation with direct involvement accompanied by documentation and active participation in following the activities. The results of the study of this activity can be concluded that the activities of the lailatul Ijtima 'or night of the congregation is very effective to generate and consolidate the relationship between the manager of Jam'iyah NU and the jamaah Nahdliyyin Village of Sinanggul 1 at the same time as an attempt to increase the amaliyah of ubudiyah among the citizens of the community of Sinangul 1 in general and the citizen of Nahdliyyiin.
The proliferation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has sparked an overwhelming number of AI ethics guidelines, boards and codes of conduct. These outputs primarily analyse competing theories, principles and values for AI development and deployment. However, as a series of recent problematic incidents about AI ethics/ethicists demonstrate, this orientation is insufficient. Before proceeding to evaluate other professions, AI ethicists should critically evaluate their own; yet, such an evaluation should be more explicitly and systematically undertaken in the literature. I argue that these insufficiencies could be mitigated by developing a research agenda for a feminist metaethics of AI. Contrary to traditional metaethics, which reflects on the nature of morality and moral judgements in a non-normative way, feminist metaethics expands its scope to ask not only what ethics is but also what our engagement with it should be like. Applying this perspective to the context of AI, I suggest that a feminist metaethics of AI would examine: (i) the continuity between theory and action in AI ethics; (ii) the real-life effects of AI ethics; (iii) the role and profile of those involved in AI ethics; and (iv) the effects of AI on power relations through methods that pay attention to context, emotions and narrative.
Technology has advanced dramatically in the previous several years. There are also cyber assaults. Cyberattacks pose a possible danger to information security and the general public. Since data practice and internet consumption rates continue to upswing, cyber awareness has become progressively important. Furthermore, as businesses pace their digital transformation with mobile devices, cloud services, communal media, and Internet of Things services, cybersecurity has appeared as a critical issue in corporate risk management. This research focuses on the relations between cybersecurity awareness, cyber knowledge, computer ethics, cyber ethics, and cyber behavior, as well as protective tools, across university students in general. The findings express that while internet users are alert of cyber threats, they only take the most elementary and easy-to-implement precautions. Several knowledge and awareness have been proposed to knob the issue of cyber security. It also grants the principles of cybersecurity in terms of its structure, workforces, and evidence pertaining to the shield of personal information in the cyber world. The first step is for people to educate themselves about the negative aspects of the internet and to learn more about cyber threats so that they can notice when an attack is taking place. To validate the efficiency of the suggested analysis between CS and non-CS university students, case study along with several comparisons are provided.
The emergence of AI tools in cybersecurity creates many opportunities and uncertainties. A focus group with advanced graduate students in cybersecurity revealed the potential depth and breadth of the challenges and opportunities. The salient issues are access to open source or free tools, documentation, curricular diversity, and clear articulation of ethical principles for AI cybersecurity education. Confronting the "black box" mentality in AI cybersecurity work is also of the greatest importance, doubled by deeper and prior education in foundational AI work. Systems thinking and effective communication were considered relevant areas of educational improvement. Future AI educators and practitioners need to address these issues by implementing rigorous technical training curricula, clear documentation, and frameworks for ethically monitoring AI combined with critical and system's thinking and communication skills.
This paper outlines the ethical implications of text simplification within the framework of assistive systems. We argue that a distinction should be made between the technologies that perform text simplification and the realisation of these in assistive technologies. When using the latter as a motivation for research, it is important that the subsequent ethical implications be carefully considered. We provide guidelines for the framing of text simplification independently of assistive systems, as well as suggesting directions for future research and discussion based on the concerns raised.
Determining how voice assistants should broker consent to share data with third party software has proven to be a complex problem. Devices often require users to switch to companion smartphone apps in order to navigate permissions menus for their otherwise hands-free voice assistant. More in line with smartphone app stores, Alexa now offers "voice-forward consent", allowing users to grant skills access to personal data mid-conversation using speech. While more usable and convenient than opening a companion app, asking for consent 'on the fly' can undermine several concepts core to the informed consent process. The intangible nature of voice interfaces further blurs the boundary between parts of an interaction controlled by third-party developers from the underlying platforms. We outline a research agenda towards usable and effective voice-based consent to address the problems with brokering consent verbally, including our own work drawing on the GDPR and work on consent in Ubicomp.